مجله ترویج و توسعه آبخیزداری
پیاپی 9 (تابستان 1394)

Rangelands can play key role to supply the main part of food needs of human. In this regard, considering to optimum efficiency is very important. Nowadays, decision making is very momentous; many of decisions are made on multi criterion and multi criterion decision making methods have special position. In this study multi criteria decision making has used and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) selected to identify the most preferred utilization system in the rangelands of Guilan Province according to economic, social and ecological criterion. In this study by means of pair wise comparison among criterion and sub-criterion and using Super Decision software, Guilan provinces’ experts comments, evaluated preference and priority of strategies. Results are integrated and final preference of procedures has been obtained. In Guilan province results showed that private utilization system with overall priority 0.541 had the best preference utilization system and government utilization system with overall priority 0.317 was at the second priority and finally, traditional system had the last priority with overall priority 0.222.

This paper was prepared in order to present and asses the methodologies for management and synthesis of the data obtained from natural and simulated rainfalls, and for data extension to hillslope and catchment. Thus, the factors affecting the accuracy and variability of the data were firstly pointed out and the necessity of the scaling was proposed. Scaling is defined as a set of operations to find scale factors to relate characteristics of one system to corresponding characteristics of another system. Determining of the scale factors is based on the concepts of dimensional analysis. The soil erosion types and processes were then mentioned, and the process-based soil erosion models were briefly analyzed which are based on soil erosion processes and including scale factors. The models are actually data management, synthesis and extension tolls. Therefore, the practical criteria were mentioned for model choice. Finally, considering the world experience and the country situation of data and information availability, it was suggested to use the combination of RUSLE and remote sensing based on a series of field data for long term evaluation and mapping of soil erosion across the country at hillslope and catchment scales.

According to recent droughts have occurred in the country and have adverse effects on drainage areast he optimum use of water resources and new methods of water harvesting has important role in combat with water crisis one method of the water harvesting is cloud seeding technology the rate of effects of cloud on increasing of water harvesting and its economical value are very important. The different methods suggested for cloud seeding but the evaluation of these projects are very difficult and has very challenges. The aim of this paper is presentation of evaluation methods for cloud seeding projects and their future challenges.

Iran, due to low rainfalls and itsinappropriate temporal and spatial distribution is among the world arid and semi-arid countries. To mitigate water resourceslimitations,different initiatives and innovationshave been considered for exploitation of surface and underground water resources in both structural and managerial dimensions. Surface water resources are not enough to supply much of the farmlands. Due to this limitation, attentions havelong been drawn tothe groundwater resources.The geologic and geomorphic studiesare of particular importance due to presenting indices for the exploration of groundwater and quick guide of researchers in discovery of the groundwater resources. Alluvial fans and terraces are the most important geomorphic forms that can be studied in terms of groundwater. The aim of this study is to link geomorphic shapes and processes to groundwater resources in Jiroft plain. Based on the results, Jiroft plain is rich in terms of underground water.

Pupose of this study is to evaluation of Socio Economic Impacts of flood water spreading projects among neighboring villages. Flood control, artificial discharge, recovery of vegitation, increasing rangeland products and etc are the direct impacts of flood water spreading projects. But for corerect judgment abuoat the efficieney and effectiveness of flood water spreading required these projects be evaluated both the technical evalution and the economic social indicators, so, this study is implemented in order to the evalution of economic-social effects of the flood water spreading onaquifers from the perspective of neighboring of villagers of the projects. Statistical populations of research included villagers of 5 flood water sprading projects around the Iran. Sample sizes are 400 households that are selected among target populations were randomiy selected. Data for this study were collected from respondents through personal interviews using a pre-coded questionnaire from five provinces in Iran. Descriptive analysis, one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results of this study indicated that evalution of villagers about projects was positive. Data showed significant differences between levels of evaluation between 5 provinces. Data also showed significant differences between levels of evaluation and age groups, educational groups and occupational groups.