International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
Volume:10 Issue: 4, Autumn 2016

Brain-based teaching is the implementation of principles and strategies derived from an understanding of the brain to enhance learning. Authors in this research investigated the effects of brain-based training on learning and retention of life skills in adolescents.
This experimental study was designed as pre- post-test with a control group model and was conducted at the Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents in Iran/Isfahan in the academic year2014-2015. Two groups were selected using random cluster sampling. During the research process, the experimental group received a brain-based training package (in 10 sessions) while the control group continued with their regular training.
Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to compare the pre-test and post-test results. A significant difference between the two groups of this study was observed in learning (F= 22.906, P Findings imply that brain-based training had more effect on students 'learning and retention than the traditional training.

This study aims to explain the depression level based on life style through the mediation of social health and quality of life. Statistical population was all persons over 18 years of Ahwaz random sampling Stage sample size were selected 383 people.
Research data in this study were collected by using a health promoting lifestyle questionnaire Walker and Plyrky, Keynesian public health, the World Health Organization quality of life and beck depression. 330 people had the ability to analyze the data. Research hypotheses were confirmed by using Pearson correlation path analysis and modeling.
The results of the hypothetical model were confirmed. The outcome of the coefficients and path analysis showed that: Lifestyle has a direct effect on depression, lifestyle through the mediation of social health and quality of life effects on depression.
Lifestyle with mediator role of social health has an indirect role in the prevalence of depression. And lifestyle with mediator role of quality of life has an indirect role in the prevalence of depression.

The current study was performed with the aim of investigating the diagnostic utility of Bender-Gestalt Test-II (BDT-II) in two groups of patients with major depression and brain-damage, and to compare them with normal individuals. This was a causal-comparative study. Major depressive patients (n=30), brain-damaged patients (n=30) and normal subjects (n=30) were compared using BDT-II in copying, recall, motor, and perceptual phases. Data was analyzed via one-way variance and Kruskal-Wallis test approaches. The patients with depression and brain-damaged patients were not significantly different in none of the phases, however, the normal individuals had significantly better performances in all the three phases. The results indicated that BGT-II could differentiate the patients groups from normal subjects however its differential diagnostic power between the patient groups was weak. In addition, it was found that among the four subscales of BGT-II, recall, motor and perceptual phases had the highest power, while the copying subscale had the lowest power for differentiating different groups. This test is not able to rule out organic brain pathology from psychiatric patients, but it could differentiate brain damaged and psychiatric patients with severe symptoms from normal subjects.

The main purpose of this research was to develop a Persian version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ, Gross & John, 2003) and to examine its factor structure, reliability and validity.
The English version of the ERQ was translated and back-translated prior to its administration to 540 (260 females) Iranian participants recruited from the Kharazmi and Zanjan Universities with an age range from 18 to 36.The reliability of the Persian version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-P) was assessed via internal consistency, item-rest correlations and test-retest reliability. Also, a principal component analysis with Varimax-rotation, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations between subscales and criterion validity was applied.
The results showed that the Persian version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-P) had good psychometric properties. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis supported the original ERQ two factor model (factor loadings ranged from .32 to .67). All of the item scores significantly correlated with the total score of the corresponding subscales (r = .46 to r = .75). The reliability of the two ERQ-P subscales was satisfactory as indicated by the level of internal consistency (.81 to .91) and the high test-retest correlations (.51 to .77) across a 5-week interval. With respect to the criterion validity, ERQ-P subscales were uniquely associated with affective outcomes. As a result, suppression predicted lower emotional well-being while reappraisal predicted higher emotional well-being.
Taken together, the results of the current study indicates that ERQ-P is a reliable and valid measure of emotion regulation strategies that could be used in research and clinical situations.

Borderline personality disorder as a one of psychotic borderline condition is similar to Schizophrenia at lower level. In other hand, there is more evidence that genetic liability to schizophrenia is present among non-psychotic relatives of schizophrenic patients. The aim of this research was to investigating borderline traits among schizophrenic patients, theirs first degree relatives and normal people groups
The current study was conducted in cross-sectional context. The study population included all patients and their first degree relatives referred to the Razi psychiatric hospital in Tabriz city. Out of which 80 were selected by convenience sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, 34 with schizophrenia diagnosis, 50 first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients and the other 34 with any previous psychiatric disorders. Participants answered to Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI). To analyze the data, one way analysis of variance was used.
The results showed mean scores of borderline traits are significantly different in three groups (P The results indicate the importance of heredity factors in developing schizophrenia and it can discuss in line of stress vulnerability model.

The current study was an attempt to shed light on the effects of group counseling based on reality therapy on academic procrastination and behavioral self-regulation of students. The study utilized a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The population of the study included all male students studying in the first grade of high schools in Zaveh County. Two of these high schools were then selected based on multistage random sampling procedure and then, based on their scores on Academic Procrastination Questionnaire and Behavioral Self-Regulation Questionnaire, 24 individuals were selected as the sample of the study. They were then randomly assigned to two groups (control and experimental). Furthermore, the instruments used in the study were Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) and Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ). The two groups were first pretested and then the experimental group received group counseling based on reality therapy for eight sessions and the control group stayed in the waiting list. In posttest stage, both groups were assessed once more. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used. Findings revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of both academic procrastination and behavioral self-regulation. Accordingly, it might be contended that group counseling based on reality therapy is effective in decreasing academic procrastination and improving behavioral self-regulation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the positive and negative symptoms and the perception of time in patients with chronic schizophrenia in Isar psychiatric hospital and rehabilitation centers of Ardabil in 2014. The research design was descriptive and correlational. Therefore, 100 patients were selected through convenience sampling method. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and Time Perception Scale have been applied for data collection. Data analysis was achieved through Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis and results showed that there was no significant correlation between positive symptoms and agitation whit perception of time in patients with schizophrenia (p>0.05). In other words, positive symptoms and agitation do not affect the perception of time in these patients. But, there was a significant correlation between negative symptoms and disorganization with perception of time (p>0.05). Thus, with increasing of severity of negative symptoms and disorganization, the perception of time was reduced. Also, there was no negative significant correlation between anxiety and depression with visual stimuli, but there was no significant relationship between these components and auditory stimuli (p>0.05). In the other words, with increasing levels of anxiety and depression the perception of time was reduced (estimated time to visual stimuli). But increased rates of anxiety and depression have no effect on the perception of time (estimated auditory stimuli). The positive and negative symptoms have the ability to predict visual stimuli and auditory stimuli in 25% and 16%, respectively. As a result, in patients with schizophrenia according to the positive and negative symptoms the response time to the audio and visual stimulus is different.

The present research was carried out in order to determine patience mediator role in relationship between attachment to God styles and mental healthcare among students.
To this end, 350 students were chosen from University of Isfahan using clustered sampling method. In order to examine attachment styles, patience, and mental health, attachment to God Scale (Rowatt and Kirkpatrick), response to life events scale and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were administered on them respectively. Correlation coefficient, multivariate regression analysis, and path analysis were used.
The results came from these analyses indicated that there was relationship among attachment to God styles (secure, avoidant insecure, and insecure ambivalent) with patience and mental health and mental health might be forecast based on secure attachment and ambivalent insure attachment. Similarly, there was significant relationship among patience and mental health and patience forecast mental health .
Attachment to god styles predicts mental health and based on results from path analysis, patience might mediate for effect of attachment to God styles to mental health.