مجله علوم پیراپزشکی و بهداشت نظامی
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 23، بهار 1396)

Several parameters including induced inflammation by immune system, overgrowth of adipose tissue, and hypertrophied adipocytes lead to dyslipidemia, imbalanced proinflammatory, and antiinflammatory adipokines secretion. According to the adipokines expression in various pathological conditions like obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases, adipokines as biomarkers are very important in diagnosis and managment. CTRP-12 (adipoline) is a member of CTRP family expressed abundantly in adipose tissue. Previous studies showed that adipoline can play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic disease such as obesity, Type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome. According to our knowledge, there is not any available report about adipoline changes in military society. In the current study, the relationship between serum levels of adipoline and metabolic factors such as lipid profile and glucose have been investigated in both military and non-military population.
Methods and Materials: In this study, 40 army air defense personnel and 40 governmental officers were randomly selected considering their age and sex. Serum level CTRP-12 was analyzed by ELISA. In addition, glucose and lipid profiles were measured in serum using an auto analyzer.
Higher level of CTRA-12 was observed in army air defense personnel compared to the control group. CTRP-12 plasma levels had significant negative correlation with fasting glucose (PDiscussion and The results showed higher values of CTRP-12 in the Army air defense personnel. This result may be due to their active lifestyle and higher physical activity.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common diseases among human society associated with high mortality. Stress plays a significant role in many diseases. Occupational stress is a risk factor of heart disease and increases the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Military personnel have a stressful job compared to other common jobs. In the current study, the incidence of coronary heart disease have been studied and compared between military and nonmilitary personnel.
Methods and Materials: Data of 3860 military and nonmilitary patients who underwent coronary bypass graft surgery (CBGS) during 7 past years in the military hospitals were collected and analyzed. Several factors such as age, weight, height, and body mass index were compared between both groups.
The results indicated that the average age of coronary heart disease involvement was significantly lower in military than nonmilitary patients. Moreover, the military average weight was significantly higher and average body mass index was lower comparing nonmilitary patients.
Discussion and It seems that military occupational stress increase coronary heart disease.

Mentally retarded children have physically less ability compared to their normal counterparts. Regarding the fact that psychomotor exercises may greatly improve such a condition, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of psychomotor exercises upon the static balance of mentally retarded students in North khorasan.
Methods and Materials: In the current study, 16 mentally retarded boy students were assigned to two eight-member namely study groups and control group. Participants conducted psychomotor exercises during 8 weeks. Each week included 3 sessions about 60 minutes. Standing on one leg test was used to measure the balance. This test was taken from both study and control groups before and after 8 weeks of psychomotor exercises in study group. Data were analyzed using independent t-test (p The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between static balance and perceptual-motor training in mentally retarded children (pDiscussion and Based on the results, static balance of mentally retarded children may significantly improve because of the aforementioned exercises.

Congenital factor XIII deficiency is an autosomal recessive rare bleeding disorder. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a main cause of mortality and morbidity that occurs in up to one-third of FXIII deficient patients. The mechanisms of ICH are not well understood. In this study, the relationship of ICH was investigated with plasma VEGF level in FXIII deficient patients.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on 30 FXIII-deficient patients including 15 patients with ICH as case and 15 patients without ICH as control group. Patients with positive family history of FXIII deficiency, abnormal clot solubility test, as well as abnormal CT scan results were participated in the present study. The concentration of plasma VEGF was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software.
There were no significant differences in terms of gender or age between the two groups. Twelve and two patients had history of one and two times bleedings, respectively, and only one patient had three times bleeding in his medical history. Intraparenchymal was the most common site of ICH and the others had subdural and epidural hemorrhages, respectively. Concentration of plasma VEGF was higher in case than control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
Discussion and This study demonstrated that there were no relationship between ICH occurrence and plasma VEGF levels in congenital factor XIII deficiency. In another words, other factors, besides FXIII deficiency, may contribute in ICH occurrence in these patients.

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases associated with metabolism in humans. This study aimed to determine risk factors of diabetes in patients monitored by Sabzevar diabetics association.
Methods and Materials: This study was a cross-sectional study performed on 148 type II diabetics patients monitored by Sabzevar diabetics association in September 2016. The blood pressure blood glucose and body mass index were measured in the patients. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using T-test and Chi-square test.
Based on the results, the mean age of patients were 53.6±11.8 years. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship among hypertension and education, age, and hyperlipidemia (PDiscussion and Due to the lack of knowledge about risk factors for type II diabetes, findings of the current study can be beneficial for patients to prevent, treat and reduce the complications of diabetes.

Eye lens is a very sensitive organ to the x-ray radiation and cataract could be formed as a result of eye exposure. Computed tomography (CT) is one of the main exposure sources in clinical situations and brain imaging delivers high amount of exposure to the eye lens. To reduce eye lens dose, efficient dose reduction methods have to be developed and implemented. In this paper, the efficiency of two methods including gantry tilting and kVp reduction, have been studied for eye lens dose reduction.
Methods and Materials: A 64-slice CT scanner was modeled to evaluate the eye lens dose in different scanning arrangements using MCNPx. To study the effect of kVp reduction and gantry tilting on the Lens dose magnitudes, three tube voltages including 100, 120 and 140 kVp and three gantry tilts including 0, 15 and 30 degrees were simulated and studied.
The results showed that the lens dose considerably decreased by tube voltage decreasing and gantry tilt increasing.
Discussion and From the results, it could be concluded that low tube voltage and gantry tilting are effective and simple methods for lens dose reduction in CT scan.

Due to the large number of accidents in Iran, infants need the rapid transport to the hospitals. Air transport is the fastest way to arrive these centers. There are differences in trauma management between infants and adults because of their different physiology and anatomy. This study aimed to survey air transport of traumatic infants.
Methods and Materials: This research is a review article that has been performed by searching related keywords in various data bases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed and SID and 2 relevant books in this field.
The main medical care issues for infants air transport include: height, pressure, motion effects, sound and vibration, extubation and air leakage in the lung. At high altitude, O2 requirement increases, while relative pressure of oxygen decreases. Thus, babies are at risk of hypoxia. To prevent rapid diffusion of gases which increases the risk of pneumothorax and air embolism, taking off and landing should be slow. Increasing atmospheric pressure causes the gases to expand and these trapped gases cause Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) and intestinal obstruction. Therefore, Nasogastic Tube (NGT) must be embedded. Thoracentesis may be necessary to reduce air pressure. Pacifier should be used to equalize the pressure in the Eustachian tube during the landing. Ear protection should be used to minimize hearing damage. Matters should be used to minimize vibrations in the incubator and blindfolds used to reduce visual damage. The spine should be kept immobilized and the heating devices used to prevent hypothermia. In addition, Neonatal transmission teams should consist of a neonatologist, neonatal nurses and clinical guides certified and qualified in the field of neonate.
Discussion and Due to the fact that infants are the most vulnerable groups, special care is needed during the airlift. Regarding the lack of research on traumatic infants air transport in Iran, it seems to need more research in this area.