مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 30، تابستان 1396)

Background and From the perspective of traditional medicine, each individual has a unique temperament. And it is never possible for two people to be considered the same in spite of their apparent similarity. So it may be possible to consider individual temperament as individual differences. Therefore, the present study examines the relationship between the five major factors of personality and mizaj, is going to answer that question, what warmth and coldness of mizaj what warmth and temperament is associated with which of the five major factors in non-athlete female students is meaningful?
Methods and Materials: In this descriptive-correlational study, 119 female students with an average age of 22.3 ± 2 were selected as the statistical sample by simple random sampling method. The sample size was determined based on Morgan table.to determine the mizaj used of mizaj questionnaire and also to determine the Big Five Personality Questionnaire Goldberg was used. To data analysis, we used of spss/19 and significant level p≤0/050 was considered.
Based on information, There is a significant relationship between exogenousity coefficient (p = 0.122 and t = 2.56, β = 251) with warmth and coldness of non-athlete female students. But agreeableness, Orbit duty, Neuroticism and flexibility with cold and warmth, there was no statistically significant relationship (p> 0.05).
Orbit duty it’s more in warmth mizaj non-athlete female students. However, more research is needed in order to make a definitive statement in this regard.

Background and Infectious diseases are at top list of health problem. Traditional Persian Medicine has a diagnostic and preventive approach. We reviewed infectious diseases with the diagnostic and therapeutic views of Persian medicine, as well as a clinical examination in modern medicine that could be used for treatment resistant infections, which is the purpose of this article.
This review was carried out using a review method. The review of the book is about infectious diseases, which has been extracted and reviewed for 67 common infectious diseases including review, rewriting, and then comparisom of them with the latest achievements of modern medicine. (A resource collection of 21 sources.(
Most of the clinical symptoms and physical examination are comparable to modern medicine. Traditional medicine, however, has looked at infections like other illnesses with a humoral and temperamental outlook, and it has aview of Mizadj change. Also, since there is no place for antibiotics in traditional medicine, there is a complete disagreement in treatment. It seems that with more research and study in Persian medicine, it is possible to note the forgotten points of history taking and examination methods, which may be detected at a lower cost by using them. Although there is a significant difference in treatment, but given the increasing spread of antibiotic resistance, in the future, we might have to replace the old method of resistant antibiotics.

Background and Lavender is a plant from lavandula genus (labiatae family) grows in south of Iran, south of Saudi Arabia and North Africa. Lavandula sublepoidota is an endemic species in Iran. The English name for this plant is Lavender. This herb is widely used in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, including neurological diseases, digestive and respiratory diseases, and is referred to as tonic. New studies have reported some of the therapeutic results of this plant. In this article discussed two categories of the studies.
This study was conducted using a review study. Traditional information of lavender, including nature, habitat, verbs and properties, was extracted by searching traditional Iranian references. Then, by study the new books and articles, the toxicity and use of lavender with the information extracted from the sources of traditional medicine were compared.
Comparison and adaptation of traditional findings and current studies indicate that lavender in traditional medicine sources can be one of the most important genera of Lavandula. This study could also be presented as an identification card for this plant.

Background and Aromatherapy is one of the most commonly used treatments in traditional medicine and modern medicine. Essential oils are the basis of aromatherapy. Different research has been done in traditional medicine and modern medicine for aromatherapy. But since there was no comparative study in this regard, this article is presented.
Methods and Materials: The research method was descriptive and survey review. Different printed and electronic resources in Farsi and English related to aromatherapy in traditional medicine and modern medicine and their key words were searched.
The aromatherapy has long been considered in ancient texts and today it is widely used in the prevention and treatment of many physical and mental disorders. health-related individuals should be able to identify key elements related to the safety and efficacy of the aromatherapy. In this case, they will be able to provide counseling and training to patients.

Background and Holy Quran has mentioned sleep in several verses and has attributed the possibility of human sleep at night and during the day to divine signs and has known it as the reason of feeling comfortable. In the study of Islamic narrative resources the word “sleep” has been observed 6031 times and some words such as “to sleep”, which is among its synonyms, have been observed 2639 times. According to av Sina the first priority in “six essential principles” is exercise(sport) , the next priorities are eating and drinking, and sleeping is afterwards . To evaluate the importance of sleep, it’s sufficient to mention that deprivation of sleep in several days in a row will lead to death. So both traditional and modern medicine have paid particular attention to it.
The adequate and required sleep for adults during the day is 6 to 8 hours, although sleep timing and its structure vary according to the age and so forth. Currently 30 to 45 percent of people suffer from one of the sleep disorders. Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder which might be temporary, short-term, long-term, and chronic and the root causes need to be assessed closely. Chronic, recurrent insomnia forms a fairly rampant group of sleep disorders. In the incipient insomnia, at least for one month, the main complaint is the difficulty at the beginning and the continuity of sleeping as well as the deficiency of comfort and alacrity after sleep.
Methods and Materials: The methodology of this study has been gathered comprehensively from libraries and has used traditional and modern medicine resources and scientific articles. Subjects related to the reasons of insomnia and symptoms and complications stemming from insomnia have been introduced in both isms and with comparative study of these two, it has been ultimately concluded that the discussed reasons and complications for insomnia.
The widespread medicine, traditional medicine and Islamic resources have offered comprehensive issues related to sleep, sleep disorders, reasons and its solutions. Insufficient sleep and insomnia have been argued with the devised term “ sahr ” in traditional medicine resources and the term “insomnia” in modern medicine resources. The reasons for insomnia in traditional medicine are pain, sorrow, happiness, fury and so forth and in modern medicine insomnia stems from internal diseases or mental diseases along with innumerable complications.

Background and Urticaria and Angioedema are two common diseases that most people have during their lives and they have a high risk of relapse. In this research, we have tried to discuss Urticaria and Angioedema from the perspective of Traditional Iranian Medicine and modern medicine and report recommended treatments in Persian medicine texts. Because of importance of Traditional Iranian Medicine ,s sagestions for these diseases, this research has been done.
Methods and Materials: The research has been done by reading related articles and reliable databanks such as Web of science, Google scholar and ….. with key words of Urticaria, Angioedema. Over than 50 articles in modern medicine and 10 text books in Traditional Iranian Medicine have been investigated in the definitions, symptoms and treatments.
The definition of Urticaria and Angioedema in Modern Medicine is more consistent with Shera and Mashera disorders in Traditional Iranian Medicine. 40 medicinal plants for monotherapy and 12 combination drug products for the treatment of these two diseases in Traditional Iranian Medicine are suggested..
As in Traditional Iranian Medicine, a lots of single and compound herbal drugs have been suggested to treat Urticaria and Angioedema, their effects can be tested by the clinical trials.

Background and As the strategy defined by the WHO for traditional medicine in the years 2014-2023 focuses on extensive research, a basic scope required here is the field of compounded medicine, which is emphasized in Qarabadin-Kabir as the best sciences. By the traditional compounding medicines principles, new systems of combination drugs can be designed in which the side effects are reduced and the effectiveness is increased, so this study was performed.
Methods and Materials: This is a research on the principles of combining medicine in traditional Iranian and Chinese medicine are discussed and their similarities and differences have been disscused. For traditional Iranian medicine, we studied the book Qarabadin-Kabir of Aghili and for traditional Chinese medicine, we used the available books written in English including: “Chinese herbal formulas treatment principles and composition strategies” and “Systems biology for herbal medicine”, and the related articles from the databases including: Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, Scopus, Pubmed, Nature, and Embase by the keywords of “complex herbal products in traditional medicine”, “combination of herbs”, and “composition strategy of herbal formula” in May 2015 were searched.
Despite the differences in basic principles, the rules of combination drugs have many similarities between traditional Iranian and Chinese medicine. As both of them in the expression of reasons for compounding ingredients have focused on some points including mutual accentuation, mutual enhancement, mutual counteraction, mutual suppression, mutual antagonism, and mutual incompatibility. The structural model of formulations in Iranian and Chinese traditional medicine are similar and contains: active ingredients, assistants, envoys, and reformers of side effects.
Traditional medical treatments can help current medication by identifying the special characteristics of each component according to traditional knowledge and general properties of the final formulation, with considering the component's role based on the structural model. A wide array of research on traditional medicines can be directed as reverse pharmacology and so the philosophy of traditional combination products can be better explained.

Background and High and long-lasting anxiety often associated with physiological responses such as increased metabolism, decreased immunity and increased cardiovascular work as well as the important relationship between anxiety and mortality are then suggests the importance of this disorder as a matter of public health and wellbeing.
In this study, articles via electronic search by entering keywords to databases Iranmedex and SID, googlescholar, Sciencedirect, pubmed of the period covered by the bank until 2015, respectively. The articles in the period 1995 to 2012 to investigate the effects of herbs on anxiety, respectively, were reviewed.
Methods and Materials: In this study, articles via electronic search by entering keywords to databases Iranmedex and SID, googlescholar, Sciencedirect, pubmed of the period covered by the bank until 2015, respectively. The articles in the period 1995 to 2015 to investigate the effects of herbs on anxiety, respectively, were reviewed.
The literature review showed that in traditional medicine, anxiolytic and sedative properties are the plants that have been mentioned. Studies on valerian, lavender, marianum, cassia, roses, gum, pistachio, lime, Hypericum, fennel, chamomile, spinach and sour orange These plants have shown that anxiolytic effects are, however, given that on all plants are enough studies have been done cannot be accurately compared the effectiveness of our anxiety
Considering the high prevalence of anxiety is the result of modern life style sedative and anxiolytic properties or plant after studies required if you have enough influence can be a viable alternative to drugs.

Background and plague has been one of the fatal diseases that its outbreaks have always killed large gatherings of people and in the collective memory of people it is always known as the darkest and the most terrible known diseases. This research was conducted to investigate the methods of diagnosis and treatment of plague during Islamic civilization.
Methods and Materials: In this paper, a review was done on the most important Arabic and Persian documents of the Islamic civilization and the methodology of the physicians on diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. In addition to reports of the disease, according to the physician and historian votes thought of this civilization, some of the epidemics of plague in this period are also mentioned.
The study of the history of medicine in Islamic civilization as well as the effects of the plague reflected in the works of historians show that plague has been one of the problems of social life in the urbanization in this period. Reports of the physicians show the on their view, plague has been a communicable disease that weather conditions contributed to its spread.

Background and Since the beginning of history human has always been facing optical problems such as refractive errors, presbyopia, cataract, visual deviation (strabismus) and disturbance of visual rays reflected from the environment and eye disease. A human with a familiarity with nature, understood traditional medicine. One of the most important members of the human being is his eye. It consists of forty different parts. With the help of traditional medicine, it was able to resolve eye optical problems in the past. In the present age, traditional medicine, in collaboration with new medicine helps him overcome. Eye refracted error.
Methods and Materials: This research, it was necessary to have a review of books specially history of Iranian medicals. This book is dedicated to the success of the Iranian ophthalmology with the help of, traditional medicine. Ibn Sina reminds a very important point, Eye function leads to the formation of an image on the retina. And blurred of eye no relation to do with the brain. Eyebright used for the treatment of eye optical problems, Write in great effect or by intense winds¡ Weak eyesight and cognitivist.
Different studies show that in different historical period from the fourth and third millenniums B.C. up to the early millennium A.D., in accordance with the human’ needs, different instruments had been invented such as spectacle, magnifying glass and artificial eye. As Iranians have a long history of familiarity with optical sciences, Attempts were down also made on traditional medicine and Use medicinal herbs to fix vision problems, and increase its power.

Background and In traditional Iranian medicine, pulse measurement is one of the main methods for diagnosing a person's disease or condition. One of the problems that can arise in this way is the dependence of the ultimate diagnosis of pulse features on the experience and expertise of physician. Perhaps this is the reason why this method cannot be combined with modern medical methods. The question is, can a machine be made to overcome this problem. This is the purpose of this research. This paper outlines a system design for measuring pulse signals based on traditional Iranian medicine.
Methods and Materials: The first stage research was conducted explanatively using a consultation with specialists in traditional medicine and medical engineering and the study of experiences in other countries and a device for recording pulse was designed and made using traditional Iranian medicine. In the second stage, in order to determine its reliability and validity, the test was performed on 12 subjects (5 repetitions per person) and using traditional medicine reference books, the pulse features comparisons in traditional medicine with quantitative characteristics of pulse signals were studied and described.
The results of this study showed that the reliability of the instrument for pulse measurement has a maximum correlation coefficient of R = 0.82. Finally, the nine features of pulse (according to traditional medicine) are equalized to the quantitative characteristics of the pulse signal.
It seems that the design and construction of a device that is able to measure the pulse signal according to traditional Iranian medicine is possible and probably can increase the reliability of the diagnostic results based on the traditional. Therefore, we recommend its empirical and clinical evaluation.

Background and There are different opinions about the nations and territories that have begun medical treatment. The aim of this study is introduced History of medical science to researcher for future study.
Methods and Materials: This is a review article which is carried out using books, articles, national and international journals as well as electronic resources and websites available on the Internet.
The disease was merely considered a catastrophe and no one was able to help patients by 3900 years Before Chris. In this era, a Greek man named Asclepius was the first one who called himself a physician. Medical knowledge was separated from religion and superstition by Aymhvtp (about 3150 years B.C) in the ancient Egypt.He is probably the first person as a physician before Hippocrates. Scientific medical that has linked with scientific philosophy, first emerged among the Greeks. With the advent of great physician named Hippocrates, Greek medicine was completed and developed comprehensively.In the middle of nineteenth century, surgery achieved excellent progress.
It appears that from the early days of Medical practice documents as they existed in some forms.

Abu Zayd al-Balkhi was a Persian Muslim polymath who lived in third and fourth Hijri century, and had novel theories and ideas in the fields of environmental protection, prevention, as well as physical and mental health which he introduced in his Masalih al-Abdan wa al-Anfus. In this paper, we analyze and interpret his ideas about three major elements of an healthy environment, and also his suggested prevention methods. We follow a descriptive-analytic approach based on documentary method, and besides our main reference, Masalih al-Abdan wa al-Anfus, we also use other relevant references. We find that Balkhi’s ideas in the field of environment are in accordance with todays environmental issues, and therefore we can extract many useful solutions to the environmental problems from them. Our study shows that Balkhi supported the privilege of prevention to cure in environmental protection. He emphasizes on the necessity of and appropriate use of climate and geographical differences for building houses. Based on his recommendations for selecting habitat and cities, higher altitudes which are exposed to healthy winds are preferred, because when the temperature is very high or very low the weather will be cleaner and the people can be saved from infectious air, and the side effects and harms of smokes, vapors, and also fine dust particles which come from earth. Balkhi considers the solutions to the air pollution, caused by inversion phenomenon, as the secret benefits of environmental protection.

Background and To understand the importance of the olive it is enough to know that it has been mentioned in seven verses of the Holy Quran. Olive belongs to the Oleaceae family. Fruits, leaves, branches, gums and the oil of this plant are used for eating and healing. Moreover, it has an oily mass which helps the plant to stay green without losing leaves. Diet based on olive or its oil due to high unsaturated fatty acids, reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity.
Methods and Materials: This article reviews the way of introduction of herbal medicine in Traditional Iranian Medicine especially in “al-shamel” the great and unique reference of herbals and other main references like the “Makhzan-al-advia” and “Tohfeh al-momenin”. In addition related recent scientific researches due to olive are discussed.
Most parts of olive tree especially leaves and fruits have the taste of “ofusat” and “ghobuzat” which are responsible for their main traits and functions. According to the kind of olive and the degree of fruit ripening, constitutional matters of olives are different which leads to fundamental differences in nature and function. The nature of unripe olives is cold and dry while ripe olives are warm and dry. Having processed olives (in salt or vinegar) with food strengthen the stomach and extraction of leaves heals mouth and teeth diseases. Having enough scientific knowledge of the nature and attribute of different parts of olive plant, leads to use it as a food or drug without side effects resulting from inappropriate way and amount of consumption.

Background and Traditional medicine has been considered a lifestyle since ancient times, having strong roots in every nation’s culture. Traditional medicine is a collection of different sciences which have been orally inherited between generations, helping to prevent, diagnose and cure illnesses. The application of herbal medicine, as a branch of traditional medicine, has attracted tremendous focus since thousands of years before industrial revolution, and the discoveries and inventions era.
Discovering the chemical drugs and starting modern medicine caused to fading the herbal medicine gradually. But then and when the medicine science found that the chemical drugs have side effects and also they’re unable to cure or prevent some types of sicknesses, the traditional medicine became reliable again. Nowadays, the medicinal application of plants needs to comprehensive information regarding their specifications. For this purpose, we can implement indigenous knowledge to harvest its experimental information by classification and delivering it to the experts and even public people. The indigenous knowledge can be trusted because it has rich real practical records about application of plants and their effects on human during many years and through tens of generations. Current research is intending to study the functions of herbal medicine in traditional medicine in Mahallat County anthropologically. Mahallat County has a good variety range of herbal medicine within its special climate territory so that including some varieties which can be found on other regions and some others which are unknown elsewhere. Residents of this region usually use those plants for medical purposes besides the nutrition. Current research’s implementation was field research-documentary method using questioner forms, interactive observation, interviews, books and documents. In the meantime, the data entries about terms of herbal medicine’s gathering and preparation, such as decoctions, balms, infusions, flavor… have been completed via asking questions from local people about each studied plant.
Shall find out that traditional sciences should be kept written compiled enabling it to grow together with modern sciences such as botany science. This science can play major role in human lifestyle, that’s why its importance made that one of the university’s or school’s official courses.