پژوهش نامه کتابداری و اطلاع رسانی
سال هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، بهار و تابستان 1396)

INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this article is to draw the science map through updated scientometric methods to visualize the published scientific information. This study tries to draw the science map in Iran in all subject categories.
As far as the methodology is concerned, this is an applied research using both co-citation analysis and survey. The population of the research consists of 11733 records of article being written by Iranian authors and indexed in Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) during 2001-2005. They were sampled down to 2826 records via stratified as well as systematic random sampling methods along with their references list including 59424 records which were systemized by means of Microsoft Excel and Access. The collected data were later analyzed by Chi-square, Pearson, Pareto Principle, and Cross Tab ranking process. Meanwhile, Visio software was employed to draw the map.
FINDINGS:The findings illustrate that subject categories behave differently in self-citations and other's citations. The subject categories here may be classified in three divisions. Stable self-citation behavior was confirmed in 16 subject categories. Five other subject categories did not enjoy stability of behavior in self-citation, and this behavior was not observed in multiple-fields subject categories. Four or five subject categories were detected in citation environment of every subject category 80 percent of the citation environment of which was dedicated. These subject categories were identified and introduced as dominant subject categories for citing subject categories. On the basis of the drawn maps for 22 subject categories, those with most two-way citation interactions were identified and visualized.
In the 16 subject categories, the subject self-citation was certainly confirmed over five years. Therefore, scientific growth and fertility in this group through direct investment as the first priority for the same subject category is acceptable. Considering the dominant subject categories (four to five subject categories) accounting for 80 percent of the citations, the second priority is the investment on these subjects. A specialist in each of the specialized disciplines associated with these 16 subject categories will be able to research due to having access to scientific resources of the same subject along with 4 or 5 other subject categories.
The development policy of science has been based on information from publications, the number of faculty members, the number of universities and educational institutions, and so forth. Considering the characteristics of the structure of science and its behavior such as self and other-citation is necessary. This new component will support collaborations between the dominant and adjacent subject categories of citations for the text in any subject area and will increase the effectiveness of the targeted investments.

The goal of this research is to investigate the effect of the quality of the citations on the scientific production of distinguished authors based on the relative citation and the format of publications in the web of science during 2000-2009.
This study was carried out using a citation analysis approach to examine the effect of the citations quality on the scientific production of the distinguished authors in different subject fields, relative citation rate, and relative sub-field impact rate.
FINDINGS:Citations have an important role in assessing scientific publications, journals, and researchers. Thus, in rankings, citations should come along with scientific production indicators. If the results are more than 1(>1), the citations for scientific production of distinguished authors can affect the field level as well as the set of authors’ journals. The findings of this investigation showed that the quality of citations effect on the publications of distinguished authors based on the format of publications in clinical medicine, commerce, and business had a relative subfield impact of more than 1. In all subject fields except space science, the relative subfield impact rates were more than 1.
The findings of this investigation showed that the quality of citations on the publications of distinguished authors based on the format of publications in clinical medicine, commerce, and business had relative subfield impact of more than 1. In all subject fields except space science, the relative subfield impact rates were more than 1, thus, the citation for scientific production of distinguished authors can impact the field level and the set of authors’ journals.

Scholarly communication is one of the basic notions in knowledge and information science which has had a great appeal in academic circles and plays a major role in scientific programs. It includes a broad range and it is affected by different factors which are worth studying. The present study was an attempt to investigate the structural factors affecting the communication and scientific production of faculty members of Iranian universities. The research method is an applied analytical one. The statistical population included the faculty members working in all universities of Iran. The population was sampled based on Krejcie and Morgan Table using stratified sampling. After administering the researcher-made questionnaires, 378 participants were selected. Before developing the scale, the content validly of the sale was established by 25 Ph.D. holders expert in the field. Some items were modified based on the factor analysis. The Cronbach Alpha results for the variable of scholarly communication was .804 and for the structural factor .819 indicating the acceptable reliability of the instrument. The data were analyzed based on multiple regression analysis using Amos and SPSS 21. Pearson correlation indicted that there is no significant relationship between the financial system variable and the reward system; however, there is a significant relationship between organizational structure and strategy, scientific committee, and technological system. The multiple regression analysis showed that the structural factors, the scientific society, and the organizational structure can statistically explain the variance of scholarly communication. However, the variables of budgeting systems, reward systems, organizational strategy and technology were not statistically significant. Furthermore, findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the scholarly communication as the intervening variable and the scientific products as the criterion variable. In addition, the scholarly communication can explain the variance of the scientific production. The present study investigated the structural factors affecting the scholarly communication and scientific production of faculty members of Iranian universities. The findings suggest that to have a successful implementation of scholarly communication in the country various indexes should be taken into consideration. Accordingly, the participation of the scientific community needs specific communication.

INTRODOCTION:The importance of theory in scientific fields such as knowledge and information science (IS) is known well. This study reports the use of theory in the Library and Information Science quarterly Journal during March 2010 to March 2015.
In the Current study, questions were investigated by conducting a content analysis of 212 articles that appeared from March 2010 to March 2015 in the Library and Information Science quarterly Journal. Word as the unit records paper as the unit of analysis. Each theory was counted only once per article. Data were gathered by a checklist.
FINDINGS:Findings indicated that theory was discussed in 65% of the articles (1.7% theory incidents per article, 2.68% incidents per article when considering only those articles employing theory). The majority of these theories were from the humanities and social sciences (143) followed by IS (52), and the sciences and engineering (62).
Compared to the previous studies, our results suggest an increase in the use of theory in the Library and Information Science quarterly journal.

INTRODOCTION:General Systems Theory (GST) is itself derived from system approach to phenomena. The study aims to understand the nature and conceptual components of the theory through reviewing the emergence and spread of system approach. Also, it has tried to interpret the application of general systems theory to cybernetics with regard to the conceptual component of this theory.
This article is a conceptual analysis. In general, conceptual analysis of texts is based on textual collected data, with the aim of gaining an understanding of the dimensions and constituents of each of the main concepts as well as their conceptual boundaries. In this study, texts related to cybernetics and the general theory of systems has been conceptually analyzed.
FINDINGS:Since this article is about the nature and conceptual components of the system approach, this study aimed at providing a better understanding of theoretical background and historical-philosophical frameworks of the general systems theory. Besides, as there is a strong link between GST and cybernetics, it can provide a cybernetic interpretation and understanding of the general systems theory. The findings showed that the main branches of these two domains have come to the fore in many disciplines including information science. The general theory of systems along with the theory of cybernetics is both important components in the development of information science theory. According to the general theory of systems and also the theory of cybernetics, cybernetic systems operate on the information contained in control actions; therefore, since all control actions in the systems of cybernetics have an information root, it can be said that the information element is considered as an essential component of this kind of systems.
The study indicates that equating two field's system science and cybernetics is theoretically well founded; however, there are many common ideas and goals among them some of which are mentioned in this article. This alignment between the two disciplines of systems science and cybernetics is due to the fact that these two are the product of a common attitude and approach: system approach. In both, the concept of system is a key concept, and the introduction of laws and principles that are synonymous, generalizable, and holistic is of genuine value.

INTRODOCTION:Reading considered is Not only as a social activity explained through psychological and educational factors, but also social, cultural and economic factors affect it. The main objective of this research is to explain the effects model of sociological factors of cultural, social, economic, gender and educational capital through cultural lifestyle mediation on the time spent reading of citizens of Ahwaz.
The research method was correlational and it used a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, which is a multivariate correlation method. Using sociological theories and especially Bourdieu's ideas, a group of sociological factors influencing the extent of study were presented in the form of a theoretical model. Twelve hypotheses concerning the direct and indirect effects of sociological variables on the amount of study were considered.
FINDINGS:The values of goodness of fit indices relating to the proposed model of research indicate that most of those indices in the proposed model of research are at the optimum level that goodness of fit for this model to a large extent is acceptable. Regarding hypotheses relating to the direct effect, the findings showed that cultural capital, social capital, cultural lifestyle, gender, and education had a direct positive effect on time spent for reading by citizens of Ahwaz City. And only economic capital does not have a direct positive effect on it. The findings indicated that cultural capital, economic capital, social capital and education through cultural lifestyle have a positive indirect effect on time spent reading of citizens of Ahwaz City, and only gender through cultural lifestyle has no indirect positive effect on it.
In agreement with the results of this study in empirical studies in the area of reading, it has been confirmed that the time spent for reading depends on education and gender. It can be argued that people who belong to higher social classes and have a higher cultural capital are more likely to spend more time reading. Therefore, sociological factors such as cultural capital, social capital and cultural lifestyle have a strong impact on the extent and type of reading. More than being an individual activity reading is a social process. This social action is influenced by various contextual and social factors, which should be considered to promote time spent reading.

Organizational knowledge is fading into oblivion due to various reasons like retirement and relocation of the managers. Documentation is able to prevent the oblivion through recording, evaluation, organization, maintenance, and dissemination of the knowledge along with the experiences of managers. The prerequisite of documentation is specifying its features. This study aimed to identify and rank the documentation mechanisms in Iranian academic libraries. Based on the investigations which have been already conducted, it seems that this research is the first study in the field of academic libraries which aims at presenting ranked mechanisms for knowledge documentation. The results of the study can be an introduction of documentation in the mentioned centers.
The method of research was survey-analytical approach and regarding to objectives was applied. The statistical population consisted of the Iranian academic libraries managers. 172 community members based on the population size and the sample table of Krejcie and Morgan, 116 people were selected through stratified random. Out of 100 distributed questionnaires 86.2 percent of them were returned. To collect the data, E-researcher-made questionnaire in the form of Likert scale was designed based on several validated questionnaires and the related available literature review. The primary questionnaire was given to the experts to determine the content validity and after necessary reforms and proposed changes by the experts; it's find version was compiled as many as 30 questionnaires was completed by the given community to determine their reliability. The scale reliability was 87.45 based on the reported Cranach's alpha coefficient. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to describe and analyze the data. In descriptive statistics, mean, exploratory factor analysis, and Friedman Test were used. As the study deals with the viewpoints of the managers, the survey method was applied. However, it is an applied research because the results can be applied to the knowledge documentation in libraries to meet the related problems partially.
FINDINGS:Necessary mechanisms for documenting knowledge on Dalkir integrated life cycle of organizational knowledge have been found. Accordingly, 11 mechanisms of capture and extraction, 9 mechanisms of assessment/selection, 7 mechanisms of codification, 8 mechanisms of refinement, 9 mechanisms of sharing, 7 mechanisms of access, 7 mechanisms of learning, 8 mechanisms of application, 7 mechanisms of evaluation, and 6 mechanisms of update identified and based on Friedman's non-parametric test and degree of importance, were ranked. It was also the most important sources of tacit and explicit knowledge based on exploratory factor analysis on three factors extraction resources and recording tacit knowledge of managers, extracting explicit knowledge to codification and representation and sources of explicit knowledge for data mining and web mining Summary and were named.
Knowledge documentation in Iranian academic libraries does not follow a particular model. This study proposes the required mechanisms to facilitate the documentation execution and solve the issues arising from knowledge documentation at the academic libraries. The mechanisms were identified and ranked based on the manager's viewpoints as they focus on the main features of documentation i.e., extraction, validation, modification, and dissemination of the recorded knowledge. Therefore, the results of the study have the required potentialities to be applied in libraries. Since there are a few studies in the field of knowledge documentation, related Persian and non-Persian literature was lacking in this realm. Some of the respondents had limited knowledge about the study variables. This problem was solved by providing the required definitions at the beginning of the questionnaire as well as in the postscripts. The main suggestions of the study included establishing documentation committee, appointing someone as the knowledge expert, preparing forms for recording knowledge, and formulating the documentation instructions.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the most important factors that can determine forming knowledge sharing behavior among students in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad along with evaluating the elements that can affect the students’ knowledge sharing behavior.
A descriptive survey study was conducted to test some of the factors affecting the knowledge sharing behavior among undergraduate students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. For this purpose, an exploratory study was developed to identify the most important factors affecting knowledge sharing behavior. Then, 18 experts selected the main factors using Friedman test based on which a conceptual model was developed. Determining the validity and reliability of the scale, 390 questionnaires were distributed based on the stratified random sampling technique, 371 of which were returned. To analyze the data, path analysis method and Lisrel softwares were used.
FINDINGS:To conclude, it can be claimed that trust, motivation, attitude, and the intention of knowledge sharing are the most important factors affecting the students’ knowledge sharing behavior. Hence, universities must pay attention to these factors if they want to develop the knowledge sharing process and gain higher rate of academic participation within the university. In fact, the student's knowledge sharing behavior at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad was influenced by all the factors of the study, however, trust, motivation to share knowledge, attitude, and the intention to share knowledge were the most importance factors.
Depending on the final model of this research, special attention should not only be paid to trust, motivation, positive attitude, and the intention of knowledge sharing but also to the development of the perceived value of knowledge sharing, the requirements and the infrastructure requirements, and the sharing of production knowledge as they also can facilitate this process.

The purpose of this article is to study the relationship model of effective factors on increasing of utility of database consumers in Iran. In fact, the meaning of utility is the consumer satisfaction, in economic point.
In this study a mixed method was used in 2 steps: First, a content analysis approach, and second, a survey method through self-made questionnaire (25 questions) were carried out. The research population included the users who paid for using databases. The research population for the content analysis covered the related literatures to utility during of 2011-2015, from Science Direct, Proquest, and Ebsco databases. The random sampling, which was used for the survey, included 200 users which is the minimum number for performing structural equations. They were selected among of the users of the Central Library of the University of Tehran and the Library of Industrial Management Institute.
FINDINGS:As for the first question: The main factors which increased the utility of database users on the base of paying money were: Information need, quality, incentives, added information, and finally individual and social characteristics. For the second question: the utility model of database consumers in Iran has drawn on the base of factor analysis of each utility factor.
The offered model illustrates the order of effectiveness priority of the four categories which are factors that increase the utility of database users: quality, incentives, added information, and information need, and the fifth category “individual and social characteristics” is addressed as a factor with less effectiveness. This model is the first available model for utility of database users, which is drawn up with an uncompromising approach. So it can be used, criticized and possibly developed as a base model for similar research.

The aim of the present study was to categorize the public services of the Central Library of Ferdowsi University based on Kano’s model.
This was an applied study. Survey method was used as a methodological technique. The population of the study was postgraduate students at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad comprising 120 randomly selected individuals as the main participants. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on Kano’s model for the data collection. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the faculty members in Knowledge and Information Science and Management departments. For the data analysis, Kano’s table of evaluation model, Excel software, and descriptive statistics were used. Cranach’s alpha was used to estimate the reliability index (α = 0.83)(
FINDINGS:First, the vital and provided public services in the public parts of Information Center and Central Library of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were identified. Hence, services were classified based on 5 criteria (including must-be, one-dimensional, attractive, indifferent, and reverse) depending on Kano’s model and the students’ viewpoint. From 85 identified services, 37 services were must be (e.g., Information counseling and research counseling), 24 services were one-dimensional (e.g., current awareness), 13 services were attractive (e.g., translation services), 11 of them were indifferent (e.g., interlibrary loan like Ghadir system), and no service was classified as the reverse one.
All services provided by the library were desirable and expected, however, many services are classified as indifferent. Finally, some suggestions were provided to improve the planning of the library services based on the categorization of users.

The aim of the present study was to categorize the public services of the Central Library of Ferdowsi University based on Kano’s model.
This was an applied study. Survey method was used as a methodological technique. The population of the study was postgraduate students at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad comprising 120 randomly selected individuals as the main participants. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on Kano’s model for the data collection. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the faculty members in Knowledge and Information Science and Management departments. For the data analysis, Kano’s table of evaluation model, Excel software, and descriptive statistics were used. Cranach’s alpha was used to estimate the reliability index (α = 0.83)(
FINDINGS:First, the vital and provided public services in the public parts of Information Center and Central Library of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were identified. Hence, services were classified based on 5 criteria (including must-be, one-dimensional, attractive, indifferent, and reverse) depending on Kano’s model and the students’ viewpoint. From 85 identified services, 37 services were must be (e.g., Information counseling and research counseling), 24 services were one-dimensional (e.g., current awareness), 13 services were attractive (e.g., translation services), 11 of them were indifferent (e.g., interlibrary loan like Ghadir system), and no service was classified as the reverse one.
All services provided by the library were desirable and expected, however, many services are classified as indifferent. Finally, some suggestions were provided to improve the planning of the library services based on the categorization of users.

In today’s competitive world, validity of a successful organization is based on long-term and effective relations with customers. While review of customer relationship management literature indicates high failure rate of this strategy in spite of emphasizing on its necessity, it is essential to pay sufficient attention to librarians who play an effective role in its successful execution. The aim of the present research is to study the librarians’ attitude toward strategy and the application of customer relationship management in university libraries of Iran.
Population of the present research includes librarians of the central libraries of Iran universities. For the data collection, a questionnaire was designed based on the review of customer relationship management questionnaires and the literature on customer relationship management. The validity and reliability of the data scale were confirmed by the viewpoints of experts and specialists. The computed Cronbach's alpha was .88.
FINDINGS:Findings of the research showed a high level of orientation with customer relationship management in librarians.It demonstrates the presence and use of customer relationship management of above the average level indicating the recognition of necessity and place of this strategy in the university libraries by the librarians.
The results also highlighted the relationship between their familiarity with customer relationship management librarians and their understanding of the necessity of implementing this strategy.

The main objective of this study is to investigate information security management system, including physical and communications security, information access control, incident security management and operational continuity management, as implemented at the central libraries of Tehran's state universities.
Analytical survey method was applied for this study. The statistical population included all the 25 central library administrators of state universities in Tehran who were in charge in 2012. Self-made questionnaires were used in this study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, one sample T test, and Chi-square test. To compare components of information security management as to see how much they are being observed, Friedman test was used.
FINDINGS: The results show the above-mentioned factors are being exercised at the central libraries of the state universities in Tehran. In case the administrators, staff and library users follow the guidelines related to information security to be exercised partially at the libraries.
The results show that the guidelines are followed to a great extent at the central library of the state universities. Of course, for physical security reasons, personal belongings of the users should be delivered to the library. There should be supplied security appliances for doorways, closed circuit camera systems, etc. To ensure communication security, updated information systems should be used at the librariesWeb based systems could be used as well. To ensure access control security, level of access by different users to the library materials should be precisely determined. Appropriate security facilities to prevent fires, to handle power failures or control damages by earthquakes, floods, etc. should be supplied, and security measures should be taken. In order to manage operational continuity, library processes should be examined at regular and irregular intervals.

As traditional advertising has become expensive and the customer's behaviors have changed, manufacturing businesses and services have adopted the newest marketing trends such as content marketing. As this field is new, its aspects are not fully known. For this reason, the present study aims at identifying the main components of content marketing with the aim of presenting a conceptual model to fully understand it.
The purpose of this meta-analysis research is to determine components and basic aspects of content marketing in order to provide a conceptual model and understand its concept.
This qualitative research used the Sandelowski and Barroso's seven-stage meta-synthesis methods to investigate the literature systematically. The research populations included all scientific sources related to principles and aspects of content marketing including 652 published sources from 12 scientific databases in the period of 2008 to 2016 for the English-language and 2008 to 2016 for the Persian-language. The screening process was performed based on Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) while 52 sources were selected for the further analysis and investigation.
FINDING:The results of the seven-stage meta-synthesis showed that in addition to the desired components of content production, attention should be paid to its format, media type, and measuring indicators. Based on the seven stages of meta-synthesis, the content marketing conceptual model is a three-layered model consisting of category, conceptual, and codes 72 main identified components of which were categorized in four categories including intrinsic elements generating content (valuable, related, reliable, entertaining, and exquisite), formation elements (common use, inexpensive, shareable, simultaneous use), medium elements (interactive, usability), and effectiveness elements (consume, share, producing lead generation, sale).
Results showed that to implement content marketing, many aspects and components should be considered in producing, distributing, and the measuring of the content effectiveness. Valuable, relevant, entertaining and educational concepts in content production were the most abundant and important. The presented content model can be used as a basis for future research in creating tools and practical guidelines for content manufactures and marketers. Due to the importance of content marketing, the results of this study can be used not only in identifying and understanding the key components of content marketing and implementing it, but also in measuring its effectiveness. Finally, the evaluation of these components is recommended to be conducted by the other researchers as well.

Metadata extraction from scientific papers is costly and time consuming. Different layouts and styles of papers increase the complexity of problem. Therefore, metadata extraction from scientific papers is a research question and different algorithms can be used to extract them. The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for metadata extraction from Persian scientific papers. CRF model has been used in this paper.
This paper is an applied research. It aims at presenting a framework for the metadata extraction. This framework includes identifying the header along with English and Persian references. CRF model has been used to extract metadata from header and references. This model can be modified by defining different features. The proposed method is tested over a set of 100 scientific papers taken from different Iranian journals. Compared to Markov in text tagging, this model has a higher accuracy than other models. On the other hand, this model is based on statistics. Extracting metadata while using statistics from papers with different layouts and styles provides better results than the rule based methods. Therefore, using this model is a good solution to this problem.
FINDING:F measure has been used to evaluate the proposed method. F measure is calculated for each token. Average F-measure is 96.89, 93.87, and 94.75 percent for header metadata, Persian references metadata, and English references metadata, respectively. The results of this paper have been compared with three similar papers in English. The results of the header author are better in English. Abstracts have better results in Persian language research. The analysis of the average references metadata extraction results shows that English researches have a higher accuracy compared to the Persian references metadata extraction results.
Reviewing the results shows that CRF model performance is good for extracting metadata. The most accurate metadata is Abstract with F measure of 99.6%. This metadata has a much larger number of tokens than the other metadata. The accuracy of the institute with the F measure is 80.95% lower than the other metadata. There are two reasons why F measure is reduced. First the number of this metadata is smaller than the other metadata in the text corpus. Second, the words used in this metadata are more diverse. In Persian references, the names of cities are used in location and institution metadata. This makes location and institution to be mistakenly identified in some cases. In Persian, the words commonly used in different metadata are more than English. For example, many Iranian names of the individuals are used with other meanings in other metadata. This issue may cause errors. Most of the errors in the metadata extraction are related to tokens that are located on the border of two metadata. Converting scientific papers in PDF format to text format is difficult in many cases and this is one of the limitations of this research. In this paper, a sample of 100 scientific articles was used. Increasing the number and variety of scientific papers for testing can have a positive effect on the results. A set of textual features are used in the CRF tagging algorithms. Changing these features can make the method better.

Health-related websites provide a set of health information to users and have a Potential ability to improve personal hygiene. The major concern with the increase of health information on the internet is the difficulty of its readability. Thus, the aim of present study is to evaluate the readability levels of Persian nutrition and the diet therapy websites.
The present study used a descriptive method with the content analysis approach. The readability of 38 of Persian nutrition and diet therapy websites were evaluated. These websites were selected based on the two search engines including yahoo and google to investigate health and medical education ministry website along with Persian subject directory like linkestan, 1000link, and irindex. The data readability was assessed by Flesch Dayani formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS20 through descriptive statistics (Mean).
FINDINGS:The average of websites’ readability was 43.567 of 100 indicating that websites are ranked at a difficult level and are appropriate for people who have one or two years of university education.
As most of Persian nutrition and diet therapy websites have been written higher than the audiences’ understanding ability while these resources seem only suitable to the individuals with the college degree, health information providers and nutritionists must try to prepare understandable websites for the use of most of the people in the society.

One of the major goals of organizing and cataloging of works deals with retrieving other works related to them. This fulfills the collocation function of the library catalog. Since Persian literary works cover many related ones in the National Bibliography of Iran, therefore, cataloging of these works has great importance for catalo users. On the other hand, RDA is the new cataloging standard and is replacing the Anglo-American cataloging rules. The purpose of this research is to determine the degree of compatibility of RDA rules with the cataloging of Persian related works.
The research method is based on survey method using the evaluative techniques and on a comparative basis. The present research population is composed of 1125 bibliographical records of related works of Shahnameh in the National Bibliography of Iran of which, 4 groups of related works that were large in terms of application and had the most complete elements, were selected and analyzed. To answer the research question, four types of bibliographic records were selected from the related works of Shahnameh (Excerpt, Excerpt-Commentary, Commentary, and Excerpt-translation) which had been catalogued based on the Anglo-American Cataloging rules, 2ed edition. We studied the compatibility and non-compatibility of RDA rules applied to such works.
FINDINGS:RDA rules are compatible with related works of Shahnameh, Excerpt and Excerpt-Commentary at the rate of 91/66 percent and 90/90 percent with related works of Shahnameh, Commentary and Excerpt-translation. Thus, more than 90 percent of RDA rules were compatibile with the investigated records.
Based on the research findings, appropriate method for implementation of RDA rules is the comparative method; That is, the records that currently exist based Anglo-American rules in the National Bibliography of Iran should be saved and compared with RDA rules and this standard should be implemented on them. The implementation of RDA requires relevant fields in the previous created records. The records that are currently available in the National Bibliography of Iran are incomplete and have shortcomings that should be reviewed and completed for implementation of RDA. It is also suggested that during research, the degree of adaptation of related works in other disciplines with the rules of RDA, such as history and laws, which have many related works, should be studies.

Eye tracking is a method for analyzing eye movements through an eye tracker device which traces and records eye rotations, temporal and spatial position and orientation. Today, most current eye trackers for research are Video-based corneal reflection. Two applications for eye tracing have been developed in the 20th Century i.e. eye movements when reading, and eye tracking for usability engineering in human-product interaction.
This paper aims to explain about the application of eye tracking method and eye tracker in the reading field. It introduces some tools and their capabilities for doing practical research by eye tracker in printed and web contexts.
Eye tracking method is well-founded and is currently applied in Psycholinguistics research. There are three different approaches for using eye tracking in the reading studies: First, concentration is on visual processing and sensorimotor control; thereby basic issues on perception, attention, and motor control can be assessed within a quite visual structured (ecological) context that is far more ecologically valid than many laboratory tasks. Second, is more related to cognitive science; where reading is seen as a branch of human information processing model, like understanding a visual position. Third, the most noticeable direction is the use of eye movements for testing psycholinguistic hypotheses about the processing of written language; Most researches in this area are concentrated on examining syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and world-knowledge factors manifested in reading. Theories and measures based on it guide researchers for doing novel researches.