فصلنامه طب و تزکیه
سال بیست و ششم شماره 3 (پیاپی 104، پاییز 1396)

Directing attention to ethics and sublimity of students› academic and professional development is deemed to be more and more essential in health care and students training. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching ethical principles through role playing approach on nursing students› internship skills at Fasa University of Medical Sciences.
Method and Materials: In a semi-experimental study, 31 nursing students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, being at 6th semester, were selected and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. At first, 3 teaching workshops entitled «Familiarity with Ethical Principles» were held for the students in the experimental group. Then, along with the help of specific scenarios, they practiced ethical principles through role-playing techniques in their internship courses for 6 weeks. The scores on ethical skills of all students were assessed by using an ethical skills questionnaire.
The mean age of the students was 21. 35 years; the youngest was 19 and the oldest was 28 years. There was no significant difference between the demographic characteristics (age, GPA) and the scores on ethical skills of different areas in the experimental and the control groups before performing the study; homogeneity of the two groups was verified. After examining the results of Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests in all dimensions of the questionnaire, a significant difference was found between the scores of the students in the experimental and control groups.
The findings of this study showed that teaching ethical principles through role playing in the long run and during internship can lead to promoting and internalizing ethical skills in nursing students.

Holding simulation courses in medical education is becoming more and more popular. Simulation appliance in medical training has led to more effective learning and safer care for patients. Simulation can ameliorate our defects in clinical bed-side training in a busy environment like an Emergency department (ED). Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of simulation program on emergency medicine (EM) residents’ performance in critical actions
Methods and Materials: We implemented a mandatory simulation program in EM residency curriculum in 2014. Ten of the EM faculties, gathered voluntarily and they peer reviewed the critical elementary topics and wrote scenarios during 48 regular sessions. In this study, we designed the peer reviewed checklists containing critical actions and procedures specified for each scenario. All faculty member attending simulation courses, rated residents and fulfilled checklists in a Likert scale from 1 to 5 (very bad to very good). We evaluated residents’ performance through these checklists.
EM faculties’ evaluation showed that in general, residents had quite a good performance in taking critical actions and procedures (45.4%).
Simulation can effectively improve medical performance in ED.

Management of classroom is one of the important educational issues because of the way the teacher reform destructive and annoying behaviors. The aim of this study is determined experiences of the medical teacher of Isfahan University of medical science about problems associated with the classroom management.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis. Seven participants were selected by purposive sampling and snowball. Semi-structured individual interviews carried out and data recording. The data analyzed with MaxQdata version 10 software.
Two hundred ten inferential code, 83 sub-themes, and 3 themes including educational problems, problems related to physical environment and problems related to the learner were extracted.
The numerous problems affecting the classroom management. You must be considered the three main components of classroom management including educational problems, problems related to physical environment and problems related to the learner if you want to carry out intervention to improve classroom management.

Today, internationalizing the academic curricula has become one of the strategic purposes of academic curricula for high-ranked universities; in this context, wide attempts are done across the world. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate effective ways in internationalizing the medical science’s curricula from the faculty’s viewpoint at Shahid Beheshti University.
Methods and Materials: This study carried out in a descriptive and cross-sectional method. The statistical population included faculty members at medical college at Shahid Beheshti University, 132 members were selected as the research sample by using levy and lemeshow formula. The research instrument was a developed by the researcher using the 5 parts Likert Scale which is designed in eight areas. Its validity was determined using content validity and, and its reliability was 0/891 Using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, the collected data analyzed by SPSS24 and Smart-PLS3 soft wares.
the results of factor analysis suggests that the markers have required precision for measuring their own solutions and seven variable include content/ educational, motivational/humanistic, structural/academic, information/communication, cultural/social, political/diplomatic and equipment/technologic can be used at 0/05 level as infrastructure solutions for internationalization of curriculum in the domain of medicine and anticipate it.
It seems that the solutions include the political/diplomatic, structural/academic, cultural/social, information/communications, content/ educational, motivational/humanistic and equipment/technology are effective in internationalization of curriculum in domain of medicine.

The purpose of this process was to utilize the flipped classroom for the knowledg and satisfaction improvment of dental students in the preclinical courses of periodontics and pediatric dentistry.
Methods and Materials: Students (n=28 in each course) were divided into two groups randomly . In one group the students were instructed by the traditional method (lecture and demonstration),in the other one the students were asked to watch the prerecorded films and the classroom was converted to a place for discussion.
Evaluation was done using pre-test and post-test in each group. Results have shown that the knowledge of the students was improved in both groups, but there were not statistically differences between them. All of the students preferred flipped classroom to the lecture one, and were satisfied.
This article demonstrates that learners seem to prefer a flipped classroom method. Certainly ,it was rated more positively than the traditional classroom on many different characteristics.

According to increasingly progress of science in nursing and as well as nursing is a combination of theoretical and clinical sciences simultaneously, so it is felt to use new approaches of teaching in the field of nursing. This study aimed to design and implement the integrated teaching method and evaluate students’ learning and satisfaction.
Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study with before-and-after design was conducted on 50 first year nursing students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences who had selected the process of patient education course in the academic year 2016. The integrated teaching method was done in six steps. Before the implementation of educational methods, students were pre-tested, then they were divided in 10 groups of 5 people. A representative was elected for each group and a guideline was given to them that their tasks had marked in six steps . The first four steps were implemented by modified problem-solving method, fifth step was patient education by role playing method and sixth step was about evaluation of the program. At the end of the training, students participated in the post-test and completed the satisfaction questionnaire of the integrated training method.
Of the 50 nursing students participated in this study, 26 (52%) were male, 24 (48%) were female and their mean age was (21.47± 4.84). The results of the study using paired sample t-test indicated a significant difference between the pre-test (12.52 ± 1.64) and the post-test (14.09 ± 1.67) scores of the students (P=0.001).It shows the effectiveness of the integrated teaching method on students learning. According to the results of the satisfaction questionnaire, integrated teaching method leads to high satisfaction of students (93%). Also, student responses to the satisfaction questionnaire indicated that the role playing method increased their emotional arousal (85%), and they felt themselves more closely to the show scene, and used all their senses to observe (87%). In addition, the problem-based learning method leads to the improvement of their individual skills (90%), and the management of motivations (92%), and the integrated teaching method, resulted to high self-esteem (95%) and empirical learning (89%).
According to the results of this study integrated learning program increased students’ satisfaction and this method can be used in teaching the process of patient education course.

In mentorship project, a wise and reliable person (mentor) guide another person (mentee) in all areas of academic achievements. The purpose of this study, is designe, perform and evaluate mentoring project for medical students whom entrance was the second half-year of 1393 and then.
Methods and Materials: In mentoring project, pathophysiology and clinical students was second level mentors, and reference teachers was excellent level and sample mentors and some of teachers was supporter mentors. Mentoring schemes include the following steps: Need assessment, explore the facilities, programming, preparation, performing the project, evaluation.
Interview was done for testing the satisfaction of mentors and mentees in this study. Finally averages of students has been evaluated. The results of SBD survey test also showed that the motivation of students for studying medical courses, the desire to continue to participate in meetings and students’ overall satisfaction was high.
The adaptability and motivation of students who enter the Mentoring Project in comparison with the other students had significant differences; participants were more compatible with university campus. One of the tasks of mentors for achieving this goal was introduction of appropriate references and to familiarize students with the correct methods of study. Overall, the average of mentee students was higher than that of non-mentee students.

Evaluation is an evolutionary skills and is an important part of the evaluation process that performance in connection with the standards , and analysis , in addition to Fred gives the opportunity to his ideas for its performance in the field. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical competency selfassessment interns Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences was conducted conducted in 2015-2016 years.
Methods and Materials: In this descriptive study 67 person Graduates from the University of Medical Sciences mazandaran based on an evaluation form 65 case with six - point Likert scale rating evaluate in 10 medical public capability. with the mean ratings were given to the total cases related to each of their capabilities,their marks deteimined in any competence.
The medical interns of this university had an average rating of over 4.94 in all qualifications. The highest rating average medical aging (X = 5/38, SD= 0/67) and the lowest rating average skills procedural average (X = 2/48, SD = 2/14).
According to the results mean rating of 8 capability is more 5. Self evaluation as one of the ways to receive feedback from learners can be useful reflection in the field of medical programe success in public capability programmer in terms of the design and implementation.