مجله مطالعات داستانی
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، بهار و تابستان 1395)

Legends are the most resources for Folklore.Women are among the main characters of legends who have different roles such as mother, spouse, beloved, vagabond, handmaid, nursemaid etc. “Jame’ ol-Hekayat” is a collection of legends and fables wherein the role of women is worthy of note. The present study attempts to appraise women’s roles, actions and features in the two volumes of “Jame’ ol-Hekayat” from an analytical sociological viewpoint. The results of the study indicate that women have the role of mother, spouse, nursemaid and vagabond in these legends. In some cases, there are chaste women in the legends who are described as virtuous. Moreover, there are persistent thinking women who take the initiative, especially in marital cases, and bravely resist forced marriage. On the other hand, women have also been described as matchmaker, deceitful, prostitute and unintelligent.

There are different opinions and works about language specifications and female’s style. This research has been emphasized to study linguistic specifications of female’s translation.Therefore, 10 novels was chosen which translated from English language to Persian language. The results of research were formed based on Laykoff and Fairclough’s models and the possibility effects of women’ style and idea was considered in women’s translation. In the beginning,19 linguistic variables was conformed by experts. Then linguistic variables studied in every novels and the number of using linguistic variables about women’s translation concluded in contrast with men’s translation. The research’s conclusions was presented by form of tables and finally, it was discovered that using linguistic variables such as pause, emotion, change of tone, addressed phrases, color and description of space, gender phrases, nonverbal phrases ,doubt, emotion and empathy, broken plural ,silence ,diminutive nouns and partnership are more in women translation like Lakokoff’s model .However ,ratio of difference in using politeness variable is not similar to Lakoff’ model and almost in this thesis the variable of speech break is equal between men and women translations opposite of Fairclough ’s model. Using variables of telling jokes and telling abusive are more in male but they have fewer using compared to past.

Literary Naturalism describes general conditions of character in a novel, in context of Time, Location and Çheirship. This doctrine is considered as one of important doctrines in Iran's fiction. Firouze Golsorkhi is one the recent decade writers who narrate stories in Naturalism and Genuine style. Because of blunt express of obscenities, influence of moment and environment and disgusting describe of poverty, some of her writings are known to be Naturalist. therefore, authors, due to these specifications, had to analyze one of her books, I am a Shadow and other stories, in a librarian way. After scrutiny, it was found that the content of three short stories, "A Midsummer Afternoon Dream", " I am a Shadow" and "Tenant", are completely matching the contents of Naturalism stories and its factors have a wide presence in these three stories. Introducing 18 Naturalism component with analysis of examples from these stories, and recognition of high frequent components is one of the most important achievements of this research. Golsorkhi has also localized the contents of "blunt express of sexual issues" and "portraying the ugliness" with cultures and standards of Islamic community by aligning them.

Short story as a slice of life of the main character, has restrictions on the use of elements of fiction, But the same structure and style is also evident in the use of these elements in short stories. " Najib Keilani" scholar, narrator, poet and critic famous Egyptian has a global reputation With a spirit of faith and commitment to ethical issues associated, in particular. And this prompted us to examine the elements of her short stories. . Due to the abundance of stories, three-story "Malak Al moluk" and "Alkafaat" and "Mavedona Ghadan," which is closely associated with the reality of people's lives and aspirations and sufferings of the people portrayed were selected and elements of the story in these three plants were criticized. Some results of this review indicate that he has simple style, flowing unpretentious and uses detailed description of the elements of the story, And He was able to increase the excellence and richness of their stories Show Moral and religious concepts and realities of people's lives.

Interdisciplinary topics and write research papers about their research interests in recent years has been a discussion, reflection science of psychology in literary works and adapt it to modern psychological theories in literature, ethics and psychology lies tips "Shoon" by Simin Daneshvar new chapter in the history of Iran is considered fiction. The author of the novel socio-political events and consequences of the occupation of Iran by the British is beautifully written; Prhrkt scholars in this story and the story with poetic prose, self-image and artistic developments in the Gulf region during World War II. That research in the field of stress factors (stressors) characters in the novel Shoon scholar and ways to deal with these factors be examined. is. The figures of the novel Shoon often aunt (sister of Joseph) appeal to the Imams (Imam Reza and Imam Hussein) and refugees to Karbala chooses option to solve the problems ahead.

Narratology as a new approach in the context of a fundamental has linked to Formalists theories and opinions.
. Vladimir Propp, Russian Folklorist is the first person who studied on the Russian vulgar stories and grunded modern narratology .He understood that vulgar stories limited to certain and limited heroes and functions that follow always after each other in a same progression regularly. His achievementsin this research was a new way for narrators that came after him.
Comparison of his theory with nowadays novels has some limitations and incompatibility.according to simple structure of Popular novels, we chose four novels of Morteza Moaddabpour that are some of the best seller popular novels to compare them with Prop's morphology theory . Gained results are similar to Prop' study.It shows Number of characters and actions are limited and they come in a similar succession after each other regularly.