فصلنامه شیعه پژوهی
پیاپی 6 (بهار 1395)

Between the narrations of rajah (return from theth)¡ what has been more prevalenced until before 4th century A.H. and drawn attention of narrators are the Dabbah¡ Asa and maysam narrations. The number of these narrations isn''t much and was considered as a representer of one of the dignities of Imamate. From the 4th A.H. century (beginning of the great occultation) until the 9th A.H. century narrating the other narrations of rajah increased and although their number is more than past but altogether they are not much. These narrations which speak of the return from death¡ have been categorized as the news of the events after the appearance of 12th Imam and have not an independent field in the news of his appearance. From the 9th century A. H.¡ the number of the narrations of rajah has had a serious increase and has has been distinguished from the other news of the events after the appearance of 12th Imam¡ as there has been a spacious independent field or even book assigned to them among the narrational books

Contrary to many thinkers who feel that ‘tawil’ (i.e. interpreting a religious text in a manner that goes against its apparent meaning) is something related to external realities, Allamah Majlisi is of the opinion that it is related to the meanings of words. He says that the reinterpretation of the apparent meanings of religious texts is a type of metaphorical usage [of the words used therein]. He also considers the hidden, philosophical and mystical re-interpretations of religious texts to be incorrect. Allamah Majlisi has a methodical reaction to the reinterpretation of religious texts. He says that the permissibility of the reinterpretation of religious texts depends upon certain conditions some of which are the following: the new meanings should not contradict rational proofs or the necessary principles of religion, it should be compatible with the apparent meanings of the text, it should also be compatible with the apparent meanings of the other religious texts and finally, it should be compatible with the context of the text as a whole. Also, the following are some of the things that prevent the reinterpretation of a religious text according to Allamah Majlisi: The new meaning contradicts religious consensus, the reason why the apparent meanings of the text was rejected in the first place is incorrect and the apparent meaning of the text is explicit. Based upon these principles, Allamah Majlisi reinterprets religious texts in ways that go against their apparent meaning in certain cases. At the same time, in contrast, some have adamantly opposed reinterpretation of religious texts and have absolutely rejected them

Many works have been written and produced about the character and role of Imam Hussein (AS), especially for what concerns the event of Ashura, but there isnt prominent research about his life before Ashura such as his presence and role in the period of his imamate and his brother's especially his efficiency in establishing Hasan–Muawiya treaty . This paper attempts tostudy Imam Hussein's approach and action according to early source's data and using historical Hermeneutics. The central question is how Imam Hussein encounters with the issue of Hasan–Muawiya treaty? And the main hypothesis is that Imam Hussein (AS), like Imam Hassan (AS) based on the interests of the Islamic Ummah and preserving the lives of the people showed his commitment to the treaty and abided by it. However, in the beginning, there were concerns about it according to some estimates

Time and space are two basic elements forming the historical events and without them, affirmation and conception of any events is not possible. Therefore one of the important tools for evaluating the historical news, being considerable and used by some historians, is studying the events time and space requirements. One of these events, is the great event of Ashura that was occurred in 61 AH, and the reports of this event always are studied by experts and intellectuals because of it quiddity. However a glimpse to speech of event analysts, and their conception has shown that most of them don’t have enough attention and accuracy to the basic issue that is necessity for studying Ashura reports. This article analyses some reports of insurrection in aspect of time and space requirements and prove loss of that, how provide the base of incorrect analysis of Imam hussein's movement

There is a view that a key position named Gates of Imams (AS) in the era of presence and the minor occultation existed and some people as the Gates were introduced. However from the minor occultation, some of the Imami and Nasiri authors have offered a list of Imam's gates, but the best and most comprehensive one in explaining the theory of gates from Imam's point of view in this period have been offers by Javad Soleimani in his book" Confidants of Ahl al-Bayt's Privacy ". Whereas this theory needs to be criticizing based on citation and content and this paper focuses on content. So this question is answered that to what extent the theory of Imam's gates in terms of content according to Soleimani's explanation is authentic? The importance of addressing this issue is because theory of Imam's gates has consequences in Shiite belief system and can make changes in it. In the end, it comes to the conclusion that this theory has no status in Shiite beliefs and historical studies have not confirmed it

Different factors have influenced the formation of the social history of every nation or the followers of every religion. For a multifaceted investigation of the social history of any nation, all the causes and factors which play a role in creating its social history must be taken into consideration. One of the above- mentioned causes or factors is paying attention to the functions of religions and religious denominations, which is considered as one of the highly influential components in the social history and the collective identity of nations. This paper has used Annales Method in historiography so as to examine the role of religion as well as Shiite school of thought in Iran in Safavid era, looking at history through a sociological lens. The most significant achievement of the present research is identifying and analyzing some of the beliefs, rituals, institutions and symbols of Shiite school, which have played a positive role in creating the collective identity of Iranians in Safavid era. Therefore, the present study has explored factors and issues which had a great influence on the social behaviors and performance of Iranians in Safavid era, and strengthened the Shiite identity in Iranian society and thus separated them from non-Shiite societies on one hand, and paved the ground for the creation of an independent Shiite nation on the other