نشریه مطالعات عمران شهری
پیاپی 1 (تابستان 1396)

As the most powerful and effective streets redesign movements, the pedestrian navigation and pedestrian evacuation policies are the solutions applied in recent decades in order to reduce the negative propaganda of the massive car presence in cities as well as the social, economic and environmental prosperities of urban centers so that many managers and policymakers from cities in developed and developing countries have prioritized accurate and well-designed spaces and streets and then, applied road construction and restoration projects, while reducing the environmental impact of auto-axial, have also provided economic, social and institutional rehabilitation of urban centers. In this regard; in the present research of which aims to choose appropriate policies to improve the pedestrian position in the city and reduce the dominance of automobiles in Ilam’s central texture, two strategies of pedestrian navigation (i.e., personal vehicle traffic jam reduction) and pedestrian evacuation (i.e., the complete removal of personal vehicles) are compared inside the central part of the city. The research method was descriptive-analytical and the field observations were used for data collection. The criteria and indicators of evaluations of these two strategies were extracted from the internal resources and examined by AHP method as well as the Expert Choice software for criteria and sub-criteria. The study of these criteria in the case study shows the superiority of the pedestrian navigation strategy to the pedestrian evacuation strategy.

The current study tries to investigate the role of social ecology in the worn-out urban textures of the central core in Ilam City. One of the main problems in Iran is the fatigue of urban textures. The worn-out urban textures, of any kind, are considered as challenges for the life of the city and whatever is left in the abandoned worn-out textures will not only precipitate in those areas but also it will spread to the entire city and will be reflect on the perspective of the city. The case study is the central district of Ilam City which is one the oldest areas. The method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population includes all the residents in the worn-out textures of the central zone in Ilam City, which is13365 people. Moreover, the statistical sample of the study is 371 people by the use of Cochran’s formula and by the Simple Random Sampling Method. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire made by the researcher whose validity was confirmed by different academic experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, which was 0.83. The results of the study show that all the hypotheses of the study are confirmed. This means that the economic, social, and cultural state of the residents of the central area of Ilam City affect the fatigue and inefficiency of this area.

Nowadays, one of the most important functions in cities is manifested in the form of the process of trade and services. One of the basic and important criteria in achieving the success for business centers and workplaces is their positions. Allocating enough space to big business centers in cities has been always important in urban planning due to a variety of reasons such as high population density, lack of land and the neighboring of different land uses together. The aim of this study is to locate urban commercial centers in a proper way. This research aims to investigate this matter precisely. In order to catch this goal, the criteria for locating the commercial places have been discussed and then the keeping of these criteria have been investigated by analyzing the access to main and auxiliary arteries and nearness to compatible and incompatible land uses in the matrix of scale in the case study of Tirozh commercial center in Ilam City. The method is analytical-descriptive and the data is gathered from the libraries, documents and by the Field Study. The results suggest Tirozh commercial center has 60 percent full compatibility in the matrix of compatibility, 70 percent full compliant in the matrix of compliance, 40 percent full fitness in the matrix of capacity and 33.3 percent full fitness in terms of dependent land uses.

Planning the health care land use types in cities is of great importance as an important subset of urban land use due to offer vital services to citizens and the population’s sphere of influence. This study intends to consider the spatial analysis of theseland use types at the neighborhood level. This analysis can provide a platform for moving towards sustainable urban development. For spatial analysis of health care land use types in Ilam city, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and ExpertChoice software are used and five measures of urban land use including the compatibility of urban pieces of lands, incompatibleneighboring, population density, road network and coverage radius are used to analyze the conditions of the tudied area and to locate the new areas. Using the analytic hierarchy process of systems, the weight and score of each factor were determined. From overlapping these layers with existing health and service centers (i.e. the specialized medical clinics in Saadi Neighborhood), it was foundthat these centers were distributed fairly well in Ilam City, and the health care land use types (specialized clinics) at the neighborhood level of Ilam city have a relatively good spatial distribution pattern in terms of number and the access of citizens to them.

The cooperation is of high importance as the main element in achieving the goals especially in order to reach the urban development. An important matter in urban planning in Iran is how to promote the permanent cooperation of people in all parts of urban planning. Some of the most important factors which must be considered in all plans including the economic development, social development and cultural development are the role of public cooperation in development and the mutual relation between the government and participants in development. Thee cooperation is considered as the most important factor in urban development. In other words, reaching sustainable urban development is impossible without the public cooperation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effective factors on the public cooperation in Ilam’s urban development. The method is analytical-descriptive. The population includes all the neighborhoods in Ilam city. The sampling method is the Stratified Random Sampling Method. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated .974 by Cronbach’s Alpha. To analyze the data, LISREL software, SPSS software, the statistical tests of made equations and Spearman Correlation were used. The findings reveal that the public cooperation has a positive meaningful effect on the urban development in Ilam City. Moreover, social affiliation and the amount of public cooperation, solidarity and people’s interactions, the amount of people’s satisfaction of their lives and their tendencies to the cooperation, gender and also education have a positive meaningful effect on the urban development in Ilam City.

The urban parks are parts of public green spaces which have the aspects of recreation, cultural and environmental features as well as providing services for different areas of the cities. Building urban parks is worth being entirely investigated as urban parks affect the quality of urban life and sustainable development, from one side and from the other side, because municipalities are not able to recoup their investment on the urban parks and they cannot turn any profits. The aim of this paper is to investigate all the aspects of building urban parks. Hence, all the criteria of locating urban green spaces have been discussed here and keeping these criteria has been examined in Mellat Park of Ilam City which is the case study of the research through the analysis of the accessibility to the main and auxiliary arteries and the analysis of proximity to the compatible and incompatible land uses in the matrix of scale. The method is analytical-descriptive and the data is gathered from libraries, documents and by Field Study. The findings reveal that this park is 80 percent completely compatible in the matrix of compatibility, 87.5 percent completely desirable in the matrix of desirability, 20 percent completely relational and 20 percent rather relational in the mat rix of capacity and 100 percent completely proper in the matrix of dependence.