فصلنامه آبزیان و شیلات
پیاپی 22 (تابستان 1394)

Present study has been carried on Khabr river, Kerman province, during thirteen months , from February 2008 to February 2009. Eight stations were selected in 19 Kilometers distance of the river. Macro benthics were monthly collected at each station using a Surber with 1225 cm . Samples collected and fixed with formaldehyde 4%, in laboratory sorted and counted. Benthic data were summarized to some most popular Community Structure Metrics including TR(Total Richness), EPT index (total taxa belonging to three most intolerant insect orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera), EPT/CHIR (ratio of EPT abundance to chironomidae .38 Genus of 27 family benthic Invertebrate were identified and were most aquatic insect larva. Overall average members had dominated order Ephemeroptera and Diptera in stations upper the river and Hirudinea in stations down the river . according to result community structure metrics macro benthics were maximum EPT in station 1(%91.32) and minimum EPT in station 7(%0.27) in winter .The results analysis of variance for benthic don’t show significant difference between stations (P≥0.05). The results showed that using macrobenthic community is economy and quick method for good assessment of pollution specifically have strictly in seasons polluted.

Because of the high perishability of fish, keeping the quality of fresh fish is one of the most important problems in the fish-processing. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of encapsulated nisin on silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during refrigerated storage. After being weighted, fish fillets were sprayed with encapsulated nisin with nanoliposome with two levels of its (700 IU and 1000 IU). Then the samples were packed and placed in refrigerated. Chemical (PV, TBARS, TVB-N) and microbial (TVC, PTC) parameters were measured during of storage at days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15). The result show that, all parameters on control samples, were higher than encapsulated nisin samples, the difference was statistically significant (p>0.05). Microbial parameters decreased significantly in the encapsulated nisin samples at the beginning of the period, followed by a slower rate of increase than the control; the chemical parameters showed a slower rate of decrease. So, using natural preservatives such as encapsulated nisin in fish fillets may increase shelf-life of fish fillets during refrigerated storage. Encapsulated nisin with level of (1000 IU) is the best effect on shelf- life of fillets

Dietary garlic oil on haematological, immunity and blood serum biochemichal parameters of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio )
was evaluated after 45 days feeding. Garlic oil was added at a level of 250 mg kg-1 to the commercial pellet diet (39% protein & 18% lipid). Blood samples were collected from caudal vein of 36 apparently healthy fish at the end of trial. The results showed that adding garlic oil to the ration of carp caused improved blood indices although there were no significant differences between fish fed garlic oil & control group. An elevation of total protein and albumin (P>0.05) were found in the fish fed diet garlic oil. The lowest amount of glucose and cholesterol were observed in diet with garlic oil without significant difference (P>0.05). While triglyceride was decreased significantly in fish fed diet with garlic oil (P<0.05). Lyzosyme activity, alternative complement activity (ACH50) and serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) were significantly increased in garlic oil fed group compared with the control group (P<0.05). These results indicated that dietary supplementation of garlic oil improved haematological, biochemical and immunity parameters of common carp juveniles.

Mudskipper ( Boleophthalmus dussumieri ) is one of the dominant fishes in tidal mud flats area. A totally of 1461 speciments were sampled, reproduction and population parameters of Mudskipper studied monthly from october 2008 to september 2009. Maean of total length calculated The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated as 24.5(cm) and 0.47(yr-1), respectively. The minimum and maximum T.L was recorded 4.8 and 23.5 (cm) respectively. The value of to was calculated -0.37, and Tmax was estimated 6 year. The growth equation of Von Bertalanffy was obtained at L (t) = 24.5(1- exp (-0.47(t-(-0.37))) for this species. The rates of natural mortality (M) on Pauly's empirical equation, was estimated 1.15 (yr-1). Five cohorts were distinguished annualy on Bhattacharya's method with mean length of 6.63, 9.64, 14. 6, 18.57 and 20.72 cm. Maximum recruitment was in Seprember at 21.3 percent. Reproductive studies showed that peak of maturity season occurred in April. The female to male ratio was calculated as 1:0.54 and chi-square analysis showed that it is statistically significant (P<0.05). LM50 is attained at a total length of 13.5 cm. The mean of absolute and relative fecundity were estimated to be 3952(±1031) and 146(±36) respectively. The length-weight relationship was determined as W= 0.027 L 2.3963, that was isometric growth. Result showed that slender mudskipper population was in congenial condition, nevertheless not evaluated.

In this study comparison between effect of 17 -methyl testosterone and galangal extract on male Pocillia latipinna reproductive system and adrenal hormone(cortisol ) were investigated . For this purpose after dechlorinated the water of aquariums , 100 mature fishes with mean weight 3-4 g were released in aquariums . Adaptation of fishes for 48 hours were done . Then physicochemical factors such as water temperature , pH , water hardness and (DO) were determined . The experiments were performed in 10 groups (2 control and 8 treated groups ) , each group consisted of 10 pieces of fishes that were male and mature (were injected 0.02 ml every time. Main fish treatments recevied 4 doses of galangal extract With 10 , 20 , 30 and 50 mg/ kg and 17 -methyl testosterone with 1,5,10,20 mg/kg . Injection were intra muscular under dorsal fin of fishes , Injections were done in every other day for 20 days . Then fish speciments were Killed . Their testes were removed and fixed in 10% formalin . Biometry of length and weight of fishes were measured . Then testes were removed and histological structures of testes were compared with
control treatments. Results showed the gonadosomatic index was increased in 30 and 50 .

The aim of this work was to effect of astaxanthin pigment on growth (weight again, Specific growth rate and final body weight) , survival and pigment accumulation of postlarval banana shrimp. This research has been done in Sontderaf Jask in summer 2012 . In this experimental 9days postlarval with mean initial weight 4.5±0.8 were fed diets containing various levels (0, 50, 100 and 200mg/kg diet) of astaxanthin pigment for 30 days. Shrimp fed diets containing 50, 100 and 200 mg astaxanthin/kg, , growth was not significantly different than the control group (p>0.05). However, survival in shrimp fed diets containing 50, 100 and 200 mg astaxanthin pigment/kg to be significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). The pigment accumulation rate was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis of pigment accumulation in the body postlarval shows that diet with astaxanthin pigment increased survival rate of postlarval. Due to nutritional properties of astaxanthin pigment and the positive effect on survival rate, the feeding postlarval banana shrimp with the diet containing at least 100 mg astaxanthin/kg is recommended.

The present study was carried out in the Research Station in Bandargah and Abzistan Shrimp Hatchery Company in Delvar (Bushehr province) from February 2011 to Jun 2012. The main objective of the research was quality evaluation of injected tags on the juveniles of released Penaeus
semisulcatus in Bushehr waters. Wild adult shrimps were captured from the Bushehr waters and cultured in the Bandargah Research Station. Juvenile green tiger prawns (1 g) were marked by florescent elastomeric and blue color liquid injection. Injections were made just beneath the skin tissue along a straight path several millimeters long using a syringe with standard insulin 1cc syringe. In Bandargah Research Station, 90 marked prawns by florescent elastomeric were held in the 3 fiberglass tanks (30 l). In Abzistan Shrimp Hatchery Company, 180 marked prawns by florescent elastomeric and blue color were held in 6 fiberglass tanks. Environmental condition controlled for all samples and injected tags condition was recorded in different times. The results of the study show that the qualities of the tags were reduced after two weeks. Both of the used liquid tags were moved in the body tissue of prawns after three weeks. This can make negative effect on the recapture of tagged shrimps and economical evaluation.

Pretty-blocked Venus ( Circenita

callipyga ) belong to Veneridae family is native species in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. This study was conducted from January to May 2014 in Molluscs Research Station in Bandar Lengeh. Filtration rate of ( Isochrysis aff galbana )with Pretty-blocked Venus was studied in 6 temperature include 15, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 0C and 6 salinity treatment include 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 ppt . For each treatment 3 replications were consider ed and each replication include 10 venus with 24±2 mm DVM maintained in 15 liter seawater. 24 hours before starting, venus clam were not fed and for estimating increase or decrease in microalgae for each treatment a replication without venus clam was considered. Results show that maximum and minimum filtration relate to 28 0C with 3588695±300141 and 20 0C 1451848±300141 µl/hour/shell, respectively. Comparison of filtration rate shows that there was no signification difference between 28 with 32 and 20 with 15 0C treatment (P>0.05). In treatment 20 and 25 ppt no filtration was observed and venus clam did not open its shells during study. But maximum filtration was obtained in 40 ppt treatment which 2374067±997049 µl/hour/shell. No significant difference was observed between 35 and 40 ppt (P>0.05) but these treatments have significant difference with 30 and 45 ppt salinity (P<0.05). Result Show that optimum temperature and salinity for filtration in Pretty-blocked Venus ( C.callipyga ) were 28 0C and 40 ppt respectively