مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 547 (هفته سوم آذر 1398)

Recent advances in molecular imaging of prostate cancer, including diffusion-weighted imaging, have led to improved cancer screening methods. The Ki-67 biomarker plays an important role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient of diffusion weight imaging with Ki-67 factor.

This was a cross-sectional study on 36 patients with prostate cancer, who underwent radical prostatectomy. All patients underwent diffusion weight imaging before surgery, and Ki-67 factor was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient and Ki-67 factor using SPSS software.

The ki-67 factor was inversely correlated with the apparent diffusion coefficient in peripheral (P < 0.001) and interstitial zone (P = 0.030). Nevertheless, it had a direct relationship with the degree of tumor malignancy (P = 0.035).

Apparent diffusion coefficient can be used as a noninvasive criterion for assessing ki-67 and prostate cancer tumor invasion, which is important in diagnosing, grading, and predicting the survival of patients with prostate cancer.

Upgrading analog X-ray systems to digital systems will greatly reduce costs, but there are conflicting opinions on this subject. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare image quality and radiation dose in different upgraded analog radiography systems with a digital radiography system.

Image quality and radiation dose of five upgraded analog radiography systems were compared with a digital radiography system using the Contrast Detail Radiography (CDRAD) phantom. Quality of images were independently evaluated on a workstation using a quantitative factor Inverse image quality figure (IQFinv) by three observers. Variations of IQFinv values were compared as a function of the Incident Air Kerma (IAK) parameter for different radiographic systems.

In a fixed IAK (1000 micrograms), the highest IQFinv was for upgraded analog radiography system number 4 (4.97) and the lowest IQFinv was for upgraded analog radiography system number 1 (3.61) (P = 0.001). The quality of images obtained with the upgraded analog radiography systems number 4 and 5 were better than ones of digital radiography.

If upgraded analog radiography systems can produce high quality images with low radiation dose compared to digital radiographic systems, the imaging departments is not needed to be spend a lot of money for replacing them with digital radiography systems.

Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) is a rare condition characterized by deep skin folds over scalp. The secondary CVG can occur due to conditions including malignancies such as leukemia. However, there are limited reports on lymphoma as a secondary etiology for CVG, to date.

A 41-year-old man patient came to our dermatology clinic complaining of generalized pruritus, deep skin folds on scalp, and weight loss from 3 years ago, as well as chronic cough from one year ago. On examination, he had left axillary and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. Since mediastinal lymphadenopathy was reported on his lung high-resolution computed tomography, a lymph node biopsy was done, and a diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma was made. Chemotherapy was commenced for the patient, and after two sessions, his pruritus and cough vastly improved. Additionally, at a follow-up session 3 years after admission, his CVG improved.

This case report is one of limited available reports about lymphoma as a secondary cause of CVG. Timely diagnosis of secondary causes of CVG, including hematological malignancies, could be of critical importance. In addition, in this case, treatment of the underlying cause of CVG resulted in an improvement in CVG itself.