پژوهش نامه فقه اجتماعی
پیاپی 3 (پاییز و زمستان 1392)

Political systems in the contemporary world to ensure political survival and to achieve permanent political acceptance and to prevent the institutionalization of corruption, not only start to organize some Regulatory organization, but also provide Regulatory powers for such organizations as The right to research, question, getting informed and find out the on process things. On the other hand, according to 57th article of the Iranian Constitution, the supreme leader can control the Islamic system. Present research with a jurisprudential method, wants to study such authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran for the supreme leader And it does not consider the justification of the prohibition of espionage and bad opinion, and Necessity of good opinion and justifies it as such.

The jurisprudent rule of "bond together in piety" is a rule which jurisprudents have pay attention to it in jurisprudential books and sources. This rule plays a very important role in strengthening morale of Cooperation, helping, health and cleanliness of the community mentioned in many verses and narrations but the most important reason is the second verse of Surah al-Maidah: And bond together in piety and righteousness, and do not bind together in sin and aggression.According to the jurisprudents, this rule uses in various aspects of government including helping to establishing an Islamic government and the necessity of Islamic community development, establishing worships and etc.This study tries to: By accurately explaining meaning of piety and righteousness According to studies of commentators of the Holy Qur'an and the great Shia's jurisprudents at content, evidence and documentation of this rule starts to explain the uses of this rule in government and Islamic countries according to studies of   great Shia's jurisprudents.

One of the most important jurisprudential rules which is used in many jurisprudential subjects and the jurists are referring to this rule start to deduct the religious instructions. This rule is one of the most important rules that justice write lots of jurisprudential articles and books.Based on this rule God has not pronounce the harm or damage for Islam And if a jurisprudential rule requires harm or damage, that rule will be expire.This rule effects on individually and socially life and uses in various aspects of socially life such as Economy, politician, social, cultural, and so on. Also this rule uses in medically and healthy aspect of community.This article tries to study the usage of this rule in the field of medicine and health aspect of community like Organ transplant, Abortion, surety and responsibility of the doctor, the religious obligation of treatment of diseases, License for referral to non-sexologist doctors for treatment. For more details refer to the article.

Supporting civilians such as women, children and patients in armed conflicts and wars is a general rule of I Shi'a's jurisprudence. Based on this principle Shi'a's jurisprudent believe that, in wars the Islamic combatant shouldn’t injure the civilians such as women, children and patients. In addition to numerous verses and narrations, in jurisprudential sources, has been emphasized and the jurists have given it fatwa.This article By explaining the jurisprudential rule of  Attack to women, children and non-injured people, answer to this question that Is the immunity of non-combatants in warfare exclusive to the people referred to by the jurists? Or except them others can be considered? And does it possible that deduce a legal formula or not?We Hope that such researches, refer To defend human rights Especially the right to life in armed conflicts and wars And show the capacities of Shi'a's jurisprudence at The development of justice And solving the modern issues to the world.

One of the tensions that mankind is exposed today is Environmental crisis; unfortunately, this has faced many countries with many challenges Such as: Air pollution, extinction of animal generation, water stresses, cutting of forests, etc. According to scholars, the crisis is due to a lack of human responsibility for nature and the environment. Fortunately Islam has the most comprehensive, precise and correct way of interacting with the environment and protecting it is expressed and the Islamic perspective in this regard can be considered an emotional, moral, spiritual and guiding perspective The verses of the Holy Quran, the Sunnah and the Sera of the imams (as), reason, consensus of opinion are important foundations that The jurists point out that human beings are responsible for the environment and healthy nature in addition they use some jurisprudential rule like: no harm or damage in Islam, public interest, more important instances exclude the important ones. The author in this article is trying to explain the jurisprudential foundations of the public responsibility towards nature and the conservation the healthy environment with an emphasis on the ideas of Ayatollah Khamenei.

The rule of 'prohibited that system disordered' is one of the most important rules that include the jurisprudential ruling of maintaining the system and preventing it from being disturbed. This rule is one of the most important social requirements in Shia’s jurisprudent that the jurists referred to it in many part of jurisprudent.According to this rule what that causes the disintegration of each part of these social systems or strike and disrupt them, is not permissible and the preserving these systems is obligatory. Some part of this system is the field of communication and media. Nowadays, lots of modern question at jurisprudence discovered so study in different aspects of this rule is useful especially in the field of communication and media.This study tries to explain this rule and check out the documents abate that and also studied the usage and inclusion of that in the field of communication and media system.