Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology
Volume:6 Issue: 3, Aug 2019

Marriage has always been considered as the beginning of family formation and hence is a complex and very delicate human relationship. Commitment is one of the important predictors of individuals' willingness to stay in marriage and a determinant factor regarding its time and quality. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of couple therapy with Imago-therapy and Feldman's integrated approach on couples' marital commitment in Tehran.

This research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and a follow up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all of the conflicted couples who referred to the Office of Women's Affair of the Post Bank of the 6th District Municipality and the Psychology Clinic of the District 22 of Tehran Municipality in 2018. 30 couples among them were divided into experimental group (each group of 15 couples) and control group (15 couples). For this purpose, Barati and Sanei's marital conflicts questionnaire (1998) and Adams & Jones (1997) marital commitment questionnaire were used to collect data.

Data analysis was conducted by using covariance analysis in both descriptive and inferential parts of p <0.05 showed that both of the above interventions increased the effectiveness of the test group by 70.3 posttest of the experimental group.

With regard to the findings of the study, couple therapists can use the interventions of these two approaches in couple therapy sessions to increase marital happiness and improve couples' life quality

Crime has a history as long as humanity, and issues related to offenders and prisoners, in particular its relation to psychiatric issues and problems, are one of the most challenging and active areas of research The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality disorders and criminal thinking styles in male and female prisoners who were sentenced to violent crimes.

This is a descriptive-correlational study in which a sample of 996 wrongdoers was selected based on their demographic characteristics. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Texas Christine Criminal Thinking Style Questionnaire and Millon Personality Disorder Questionnaire.

The results of a one-sample t-test showed that the observed mean of disorders in women and men was more than the standard value. Also, the mean of criminal thinking styles score in the population of female and male prisoners committing violent crimes was higher than the mean.

The results showed that in women some styles are prevalent, while in men other styles were more pronounced. There are also some styles in both sexes and there is no significant difference.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of positive therapy on Internet addiction and identity crisis in sinior female high school students in Falavarjan.

The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included senior high school female students and their parents from Falavarjan (Isfahan province) during the academic year of 2018-19. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, forty female high school students from Falavarjan province were selected and placed with their parents in a randomized control and experimental groups. The tools used in the study included: Family Communication Patterns, Generalized Pathological Internet Use Scale and identity crisis questionnaire. The intervention included eight positive therapy sessions for parents, and 9 positive therapy sessions for adolescents. The data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis.

The results showed that in the experimental group, the average of the three variables in the post- test was significantly different from the pre-test, but no significant change was observed in the control group.

 These findings suggest that positive therapy has had an impact on Internet addiction and identity crisis in female senior high school students.

 Today's obesity and obesity-related diabetes become epidemics globally. Obesity and diabetes as one of its illnesses can change family reactions and interactions. Therefore, diabetes is considered a family matter that like other chronic diseases affects marital relationships. The present study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of transactional analysis on couple burnout on obese women with type-II diabetes.

The present study was a quasi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest and follow up design with a control group. The study population consisted of all married obese women with type 2 diabetes who were members of Gonbad-e Kavous Diabetes Association in 1977, that 40 persons were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (20 patients in each group). Then the experimental group received transactional analysis intervention in 10 two-hour sessions, one session per week. The control group did not receive any interventions during this period. The research instrument was the Pines Couple Burnout Measure (CBM), which was completed by participants in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Data analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test with using SPSS-22 software.

The findings indicated that transactional analysis could significantly decrease the couple burnout and its components, physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion, and mental exhaustion of the experiment group participants in post-test and follow-up sessions than the control group members (P<0.01).

According to the results of the present study, recommended to the psychologist and family counselors to use transactional analysis as an appropriate intervention to reduce the marital problems of obese individuals with type-II diabetes.

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of solution-focused couples therapy on the communicational patterns and flexibility of divorce applicant couples referring to the Marham clinic of Sari city.

This study is of a quasi-experimental type and has a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study includes all divorce applicant couples referring to the Marham Clinic of Sari city in the second half of the year 2017. To collect data, we used the Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ) of Christensen and Sullaway (1984) and the Flexibility Inventory of Dennis and Vander Wal (2010). To analyze the data, the researchers employed the SPSS 20 statistical software as well as descriptive statistical methods including the computation of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Besides, we employed the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and t-test to investigate the hypotheses. As well, the Scheffe post hoc test was used for the two-by-two comparison of the groups.

The results show that the experimental group and the control group are significantly different in the solution-focused technique and the male demands/female withdraws (t = 2.44, p ≤ 0.000) and mutual constructive communication (t = 8.39, p ≤ 0.000) subcomponents. The effect of training solution-focused technique on flexibility (F = 55.63, p < 0.001), alternative (F = 57.85, p < 0.001), control (F = 17.27, p < 0.001), and alternatives for human behavior (F = 26.56, p < 0.001) of the subjects is statistically significant.

 We can conclude that solution-focused training affects the communicational patterns and flexibility of divorce applicant couples.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and resilience by the mediating role of students' academic adjustment.

The research method was descriptive correlational and path analysis. The statistical population consisted of all male high school students in Bandar-e Langeh during the academic year of 2017-2018, whose number was estimated to be 1300. The sampling method was a multi-stage cluster sampling type and a sample of 400 individual was selected using Morgan and Krejcie Table. The data gathering instruments were Najarian et. al’s Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale (2000); of Connor et al.'s Resilience Scale (2003) and Singha et. als' Adjustment Inventory for high school students (1993). Path analysis test was used to analyze the data.

The results of data analysis showed that educational adjustment has a role of mediation between perfectionism and resilience. Also, changes in variance of resilience scores with the mediation of academic compatibility can be explained by perfectionism among students. This means that academic adjustment can lead to a decrease (0.24) of the negative impact of perfectionism on the resilience.

 Therefore, planning to improve students' academic adaptability can play an important role in increasing the resilience by reducing the negative impact of their perfectionism.

Cyberspace covers many aspects of human life and the tendency to cyberspace can influence his cognitive and emotional aspects.

Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to model the structural relationships of metacognitive states and the tendency to virtual networks mediated by the social adjustment in gifted students.

This correlational-descriptive research using structural equations modeling was conducted on all 300 eleventh grade gifted students of Sampad High School studying experimental sciences in the academic year 2019 in Gorgan city. A total of 300 students were selected through the census method and evaluated by the Virtual Networks Questionnaire by Mojarradi et al. State Metacognitive Inventory by O’Neill & Abedi, and California Test of Personality. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling using SPSS 18 and Amos 23 software.

The results showed a significant negative relationship between metacognitive states and social adjustment, and tendency to virtual networks (P≤0.01). The research model was well-fit and confirmed. Also, 0.31 of the variance of the tendency to virtual networks was explained by metacognitive states and social adjustment and social adaptability played a mediating role in the relationship between metacognitive states and the tendency to virtual networks (P≤0.01).

Changes in tendency to cybersecurity can be explained directly based on metacognitive and indirect social adjustment states in gifted students. This study has practical implications for school counselors.