Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Autumn 2008

Objective- This study aims to determine the efficacy of propofol in grass carp anesthesia and to examine the impact of the drug on electrocardiogram, pH and blood gases in this fish species.
Design- Experimental study.
Animals- 120 apparently healthy grass carps, weighting between 1-2 kg.
Procedure- Fishes were sorted randomly into 12 groups of 10 fish each. Five groups were anesthetized by bath method with the concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/l and the other 5 groups by injection method with doses 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/kg, IV. Two groups were considered as control. At time of anesthesia and recovery, arterial blood samples from dorsal aorta of fish were taken and electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded.
Results and Conclusion- In bath method groups, the arterial blood oxygen in 2 mg/l group was significantly higher than the control group. In 10 mg/l group it was significantly lower than the control. CO2 and pH showed no significant difference between groups and controls. In injection groups, the arterial blood oxygen in 2 mg/kg, IV and 10 mg/kg, IV, was significantly lower than the control group. CO2 in 6 and 8 mg/kg, IV group was significantly higher than the control but there was not any significant difference between CO2 and pH in other experimental groups and control. Moreover, it was found that the average of heart rate in all groups of propofol anesthesia was significantly higher than the control groups (p<0.05) and in all groups in ECG, r to r distance (RR) has decreased. However, in ECG, no difference in the heart rate, RR, PR, GRS, qt distances was observed among all groups of recovery and the control.
Clinical Relevance- Results of this study can be used in anesthesia of fish for decreasing stress and movement at the time of surgery, diagnosis and in fish artificial fertilization procedure.

To evaluate the effects of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on wound healing in dogs.

Experimental in-vivo study.

5 mix-breed male adult dogs.

Under general anesthesia, six 2 × 2-cm, full-thickness skin wounds were created on the back of dogs symmetrically. In each dog, three right side wounds were treated topically with 1.5 ml PRP jelly, whereas left side wounds received no treatment. For macroscopic evaluation, at days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 17, 20, and 24, digital photographs were taken from wounds. At days 10, 17 and 24 after wounding, skin biopsies were taken from the center and corner of each wound for hydroxyprolin measurement and histopathologic evaluation respectively.

No statistically significant differences were found in percentage of wound contraction, epithelialization and healing between test and control group during study (P>0.05). There were no significant differences between median of hydroxyprolin levels, median of inflammatory cells infiltration, presence of dermal granulation tissue, fibroblast proliferation, arrangement of fibroblasts, collagen deposition and collagen bundle formation scores, in the specimens from left and right wounds (P>0.05).

Topical application of platelet-rich plasma can not accelerate repair of the small granulating wounds of dogs.

The purpose of this study was to assess and describe the radiographic anatomy of the bony structures in the head of sheep.

Experimental study.

Fifteen mature Afshari sheep.

Radiographs were made out of the head of the animals in lateral and dorsoventral views. Radiographic anatomy was analyzed with results from gross dissection of 5 specimens.

Detectable anatomic structures of the head were studied in details and labeled in each radiographic view.

The results of this study can help better understanding of the head skeletal components anatomy and their relationships in the head radiography of the sheep.

To describe the radiographic and ultrasonographic changes in the fetlock disorders in donkeys.

Descriptive study.

Twenty-nine donkeys with clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic evidences of fetlock disorders and lameness were used in this study.

Clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic studies for donkeys have fetlock disorders and lameness were evaluated. Five radiographic views were performed and evaluated. Transverse and longitudinal scans of the palmar/planter fetlock region were obtained. The radiographic and ultrasonographic findings were studied and correlated with clinical signs.

All donkeys had marked painful fetlock swelling and lameness. Radiography showed chronic tendonitis with soft tissue calcification. Sesamoiditis with osteophytes formation and osteolysis were detected. Transverse mid-body and lateral abaxial fractures of the proximal sesamoid bones were diagnosed. Thickening and adhesions with increased in echogenicity of the digital flexor tendons were observed. Desmitis of both lateral and medial branches of the suspensory ligaments with thickening, fibrosis were seen. Mechanical trauma, overwork long hours in harsh condition, overstrain, neglected hoof care and management might be attributed to hard and soft tissue changes and fetlock disorders in the donkeys.

Radiography and ultrasonography evaluation of fetlock lameness in donkeys provide a useful aid in delectating the pathological changes in hard and soft fetlock tissues in donkeys.

To determine the range of systolic times intervals using Pulsed-wave Doppler and m-mode echocardiography in normal, healthy Great Dane dogs.

Descriptive study.

Thirty healthy Great Dane dogs.

This study examined 30 clinically healthy Great Dane dogs by the two-dimensional, M-mode and Pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. The dogs were awake and unsedated. The following parameters were measured on the both Pulsed-wave Doppler and M-mode echocardiographic images: pre-ejection period (PEP), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), ratio of PEP to LVET (PEP/LVET) and the total electrical-mechanical systole (QAVC). Acceleration time of aortic flow (AT) was also measured by Doppler mode.

The following values have been acquired: PEP = 0.067 ± 0.010 s; LVET = 0.188 ± 0.011 s; QAVC = 0.254 ± 0.016 s and PEP/LVET = 0.354 ± 0.054 measured by Mmode echocardiography and PEP = 0.062 ± 0.009 s; LVET = 0.193 ± 0.007 s; QAVC = 0.256 ± 0.011s; PEP/LVET = 0.323 ± 0.051 and AT = 0.080 ± 0.107 s measured by Doppler echocardiography.

On Doppler mode, there was a significant correlation between the body weight and PEP and PEP/LVET. M-mode echocardiography showed significant correlation between the body weight and body surface area and QAVC. Results of this study revealed the importance of determination of breed-specific echocardiographic parameters and indices, and evaluating of measured values with range using same method for accurate diagnosis.

To get a concrete information about nature, cause and geographic distribution of ruminant congenital malformation in certain areas of Bangladesh.

Clinical study.

A total 76 ruminant calves and kids having congenital deformities were studied.

Surgical intervention for each case was carried out after proper diagnosis and post-operative care with systemic antibiotic and antihistamine was done properly.

There were 17 atresia ani, 5 atresia ani et recti, 4 pervious urachus, 13 dermoid cyst, 25 umbilical hernia, 6 rectovaginal fistula, 4 contracted tendon, 2 urethral diverticulum. In this study we have got 57 male and 15 female calves presented with various surgical affection whereas 4 male malformed kids were found but in we did not get any malformed female kids.

This study will help to get a quick information regarding prevalence of malformed ruminant.

A five-month-old male domesticated short hair cat with non-specific signs, weakness, coughing and dyspnea was referred to the clinic.

The patient was primarily diagnosed with kyphoscoliosis induced by severe nutritional osteoporosis. After couple of days the case was referred without improvement in condition. Contrast radiographs revealed esophageal hiatal hernia.

Surgery was successfully performed to reduce the size of the esophageal hiatus, esophagopexy and left fundic gastropexy. The case returned to a normal condition after a week. A two year follow up showed no recurrence.

It is concluded that kyphoscoliosis caused by severe nutritional osteoporosis could be a predisposing factor for hiatal hernia in small animals.

A 5-year old male German shepherd weighing 28 kg with the history of falling from the third floor 9 months previous was referred to the Small Animal Hospital.

In clinical examination roughness and thickness of the skin of the palmar surface of both forelimbs were felt. The animal was using his palmar plane of both forelimbs to walk without any signs of pain during walking or weight-bearing. Diagnostic radiographs revealed old traumatic carpal luxation in both forelimbs.

Bilateral pancarpal arthrodesis was performed on both right and left carpal joints in a staged surgery. Under general anesthesia, the carpal joint was reduced and fixation was done at 10 degree extension. A dynamic compressive plate dorsally attached from the distal end of radius to the carpal joint. Arthrodesis was carried out by cancellous bone auto-grafting. Palmar molded splint was applied to support the internal fixation for nine weeks. Survey radiographs during 12 months follow up revealed successful fusion of inflicted joints. Patient exhibited no clinical signs of pain and could normally bear weight on both forelimbs.

Plate applications on the dorsal aspect provide easier approach for panarthrodesis of the carpal joint and use of cancellous grafts and external support after surgery increase healing and stability.