Report of Health Care
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Winter 2015

Previous studies indicated that endurance exercise is effective to decrease or increase the levels of liver enzymes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of endurance training on alkaline phosphates (ALP) enzyme in Iranian addicted women with methadone.

Thirty Iranian female addicted prisoners and thirty non-addicted encompassed the sampling. The mean of age, height, weight, %BF, body mass index (BMI), and VO2max of experimental group was 33.8 years, 162.2 cm, 62.2 kg, 33.10, 24.22 kg/m2 and 16.18 ml/kg respectively. The case group was supposed to run with 65% HRmax for 2 weeks (3 sessions in a week and for 25 minutes), 65%-75% HRmax for 3 weeks (3 sessions in a week for 35 minutes) and 75%-85% HRmax for 3 weeks (3 sessions in a week for 40 minutes). The blood samples were collected in amount of 5 ml 48 hours before the first session and after the last session of the protocol. The history of heart and liver diseases or hepatitis was not reported in case group.

The level of ALP between case and control group in post-test was not significant. The level of ALP in post-test in contrast with pre-test in both groups was increased but this was not statistically significant in case group (P > 0.05).

According to the results, the level of ALP in post-test in experimental group did not change after endurance training. Therefore, the investigation of other factors such as having suitable diet habits, quitting smoking, increasing the period of training is recommended for these types of addicts.

Nowadays due to the dramatic speed of improvements in medical sciences, the use of learning organization approach is essential to make hospitals dynamic. Therefore, applying the learning organization is beneficial as it has practicability. From the viewpoint of Senge, an organization would be a learner if the five principles of personal mastery, mental models, common vision, team learning, and systems thinking are taken into account. According to the central role of nurses in making positive changes in professional nursing activities and responding to patients’ needs, the aim of this study was to assess the nurses’ viewpoint on the use of learning organization principles in Imam Reza hospital in Sirjan city. In this cross–sectional study, all staff nurses of Imam Reza hospital constituted the sampling. Senge’s learning organization questionnaires, after applying the necessary changes and determining its reliability and validity, was used to gather data. All participants were informed of the goals of the study. Finally, 141 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software. The average scores of learning organization for all parameters were higher than the average score of each parameter. There was a significant difference between contract-based nurses with permanently employed nurses and tarhy nurses in the light of the total score of questionnaire, team learning, and systems thinking (P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference between women’s viewpoint of mental models, shared vision, systems thinking with those of men (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the age and work history of women with average scores (P > 0.05). Based on the results, the rate of applying learning organization principles in this hospital was more than the average. This indicates the importance of positive perspectives, reinforcement of information, team work, creating a shared perspective of the future, and systems viewpoint. Therefore, stabilizing the employment conditions, having hopes for the future of work, and recruiting younger staff are all highly beneficial in the application of learning organization principles.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of Klebsiella species. K. pneumoniae is one of the most important bacteria causing nosocomial infections. This bacterium threatens public health and leads to increased hospital costs and mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae in nosocomial infections. This study was performed on 51 samples of Klebsiella isolates from 500 patients in three units of Aleshtar hospital in 9 months. The antibiotic resistance of K. pneumoniae to 18 antibiotics was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The frequency of K. pneumonia among 500 samples was determined 51 cases (10.2%). The largest number of K. pneumoniae was isolated from the infectious unit (49.02%). The frequency of K. pneumoniae based on the source of infection for urine was 22 cases (43.14%), sputum 17 (33.33%), stool 6 (11.77%), wound 4 (7.84%), blood 2 (3.92%), and cerebrospinal fluid 0 (0%), respectively. K. pneumoniae resistance to antibiotics included: ceftriaxone (94.12%), ciprofloxacin (90.20%), ofloxacin (86.27%), cefotaxime (78.43%), nalidixic acid (58.82%), nitrofurantoin (56.86%), aztreonam (54.90%), ampicillin/sulbactam (50.98% ), ticarcillin (45.09%), cefepime (43.14%), colistin (43.14%), gentamicin (41.18%), azithromycin (41.18%), polymyxin B (39.22%), piperacillin/tazobactam (19.61%), amikacin ( 15.69%), imipenem (5.88%), and meropenem (3.92%). Meropenem and imipenem with the lowest resistance were the most effective antibiotics against K .pneumoniae. Ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin antibiotic had the lowest effect on the treatment of K. pneumoniae.

The present research aimed to compare anxiety and hope between mothers having children suffering from autism syndrome and Down syndrome. This research used a descriptive-comparative method and the sample of the study included 60 mothers having children suffering from autism and down syndromes. The sample was selected among all mothers having children in the age of 6-12 who were suffering from autism and Down syndrome in Kerman in 2014. In order to measure the variables of the research we used 2 questionnaires, the Pennsylvania anxiety questionnaire and the scale of aptitude toward hope among adults. The results showed that the amount of anxiety and hope among mothers having children suffering from autism was different from mothers having children suffering from Down syndrome. The anxiety between mothers having children with autism syndrome was more than mothers having children with Down syndrome. The level of hope between mothers having children with Down syndrome was higher than mothers having children with autism syndrome.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major bacterial nosocomial infections. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are one of the most important agents for resistance against carbapenem. Based on the role of carbapenem for Pseudomonas infection treatment, in this research clinical strains of MBL producing bacteria were studied.

Fifty Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples were collected from patients that referred to the Emam Khomeini and Mottahari hospitals of Urmia. After bacterial confirmation with standard bacteriologic tests, bacterial sensitivity was assayed against ten common antibiotics by the method of disk diffusion test. Then imipenem-resistant strains were candidate for the identification of MBL production by imipenem-EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid ) combination disk test.

Of all 50 isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 36 isolates (72%) were resistant against imipenem. Obtained results from imipenem-EDTA combined disk test showed that 32.36 isolates (88.9%) had MBL.

Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing MBL are resistant against all of β-lactams antibiotics, but determining the strains that produce MBL can help physicians to select the suitable antibiotic for treatment and improve the prognosis of the infection due to this bacterium.

Establishing a structured curriculum for professionalism by adopting new methods and evaluation tools within an educational environment is important in the light of the vicissitudes of changing world and medical profession. By incorporating such tools of teaching and assessing, medical students will be abreast and gain a mastery over competencies such as collaboration, communication, teamwork, and rapport skills to deal with doctors, patients, peers, and the healthcare team.

Euthanasia or assisted suicide is a contentious issue that provokes substantial clinical and ethical debate. Nurses have a key role in caring for end-of-life patients. They are also often involved in euthanasia or assisted suicide. Therefore, we aimed to assess the attitudes of nurses concerning this controversial topic in order to highlight the present debate about it. In particular, the nurses’ involvement in this practice based on some background factors were emphasized. In our review, we used articles published on the topic of euthanasia and assisted suicide in nursing profession. In this regard, all abstracts and full papers were read critically and the relevant meanings were pondered. Several arguments were observed for euthanasia or assisted suicide from the perspectives of nurses. These arguments were grouped based on the proponent and opponent of euthanasia or assisted suicide practice. In addition, there were a number of factors such as age, gender, specialty, and nurses’ decisions which found their importance. Nurses’ perspectives on euthanasia and assisted suicide are a matter of attention and debate as they occupy a central position and spend most of their time in the care of end-of-life patients. Our findings will enable nurses to engage in the euthanasia practice on its appropriate ground and its debate as well. Additionally, our findings are pragmatically essential for the policy makers and healthcare professionals.

Report of Health Care regretfully retracts the article “The frequency and pattern of antibiotic resistance among Klebsiella spp. isolated from nosocomial infection in Khorramabad hospital” which was published in this journal in December 19, 2014. Based on recommendations from COPE, we retracted this paper, which is a duplicate and self-plagiarism of the paper entitled “Comparison frequency and Determination antibiotic resistance pattern of Klebsiella SPP. isolated from Nosocomial infection in Khorramabad Shohadaye Ashayer hospital” published in Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences (November 2014; 3(12): 149-154).