نشریه پژوهش های اقتصاد صنعتی
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1396)

In this study the effects of Structural factors such as concentration, entry Barriers, product differentiation and economies of scale on profitability and performance of banking industry will be examined.For this purpose, a system of simultaneous equation containing three behavioral,functional and structural equations were estimated.Using 3SLS Method. The Results indicate that there is an inverse (U) shape relation between concentration and advertisement. In other words, intermediate and high level of concentration the advertisement intensity is low,high an low respectively. Considering estimated structural equation, we find that the economies of scale have a positive and significant effect on the degree of concentration in Iran's banking industry.Also, advertisement can increase the concentration. Unexpectedly, more profitability can not be led to more concentration in Iran’s banking industry. Findings show that economies of scale, Product differentiation and entry barriers have positive effects on profitability of Iran’s banking systems and despite in spiel of the theoretical expectations ,result also shown that concentration has negative effect on profitability

This study intends to analyze the factors affecting the profitability of the manufacturing industries with different levels of technology (high-tech and low-tech industries) by using theoretical principles obtained from microeconomic optimization process during 1375 to 1387. The impacts of  factor such as R & D, advertising, intensity,concentration and barriers to entry on productivity are considered in this study.The effect of these factors on the profitability of the industries in each of the technological levels were examined by using a panel-data approach. The results showed that all these factors have a positive impact on the profitability of high-tech industries and have  negative, insignificant, negative, positive and positive impact on low-tech industries respectively.The reason of negative impact of advertising and research expenditure on the  Profitability  of low-tech industries can be considered costly and time-consuming and excessive imports of similar goods. On the other hand, competitive behavior of this level of industries, leads to an opposite effect of  concentration on profit.

In a partial competition, the rate of costs transferring, especially for countries following the economic liberalization, is the main decisive factor in the impact of increasing the firm's cost on the prices of products.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the rate and decisive factors of cost transferring of Iran's manufacturing industry. There for, the rate of the cost transferring of 114 manufacturing industry has been calculated in four-digit ISIC level by using the micro data of Iran's industrial firms, and the decisive factors of the transferring has been estimated through panel data.The results show that the concentration ratio and economics of scale have positive and meaningful effects on the price of cost transferring.Moreover, the study shows the firms with more powerful but less profitable markets are more capable in cost transferring rather than the firms with less powerful but more profitable market. The findings indicate the positive and meaningful effect of the number of firms on cost transferring. Overall, the rate of cost transferring depends on the structure of market.

Entrance of firms with different sizes from the minimum efficient Size (MES) is an economic fact in the real world. Nevertheless, it is expected that firms can approach the minimum efficient size for their survival and with a deliberate speed called "speed adjustment". The basic question in industrial economic is how firms can adjust this speed.Although based on the theoretical basis firms can adjust their speed according to the output, in the real world, it will be done based on employment criteria. Hence, this study tries to adjust new firms' sizes in manufacturing industries over the period of 1996-2002 and evaluate the speed by using employment and production standards and extract the top criteria. By using Comanor-Wilson method, current evidence shows that more than 90 percent of firms have always worked with both employment and production standards in size less than MES. The speed of adjustment, calculated by l coefficient, also indicates that the firms with less optimal sizes have lower speed of adjustment unexpectedly.This finding, in terms of policy, on the one hand,  have shown the need to rise new firms' awareness to know the optimal size and suitable speed and on the other hand, high light the likely with drawl of most firms over time

The main purpose of this paper is studying the effects of conduct and performance on the level of competition in cosmetic and hearth market. To meet this and ,using data for the period 1375-1389, a VAR model will employed.Generally the results show that there are a significant correlations among competition level, profitability and advertising as conduct and performance indicators in these industries.The results of the interaction of structural conduct and performance elements of market , using response functions in the industry show that due to a unit of momentum in profitability and advertising, level of market concentration will be increased although its intensity is reduced overtime.Also, the result of analysis of variance of both composition of concentration level in  the industry indicates that more than 50 percent of changes in competition or concentration level of market is because of active firms' structural and behavioral changes.

Nowadays, advertising is one of the most  important tools for increasing demand and profit in planning of products and condification of marketing strategies. The main purpose of this study is investigating and prices on demands and profits of Iran's textile and garment industry using a panel model. therfor, annual data from 1995 to 2007 for the 12 four-digit code, is used in the sub-sectors of textile and garment industry.The results of estimation of Dorfman-Steiner model indicate a positive and meaninigful impact of advertising expenditures, prior period revenue and demand and negative impact of price index on the demand for textile and garment industry.The price of elasticity of demand and income indicates that the industry  is very necessary in consumption basket of Iranian's household. The results of estimation of Chamberlain profit model suggest a positive relationship between benefit and advertising expenditures.Thus, the increasing of advertising expenditure, causes the profitability progress with modest rate. This result is important due to planning and condifiying marketing strategies for active firms.