فصلنامه علوم خبری
پیاپی 33 (بهار 1399)

La crise du coronavirus a été l’occasion pour les institutions regionales et internationales et d’autres institutions specialisees en matiere des droits de l’homme de rappeler l’importance qu’il y’a  de respecter et de proteger en periode de pandemie, les libertes fondamentales telles que la liberte d’expression, la liberte des medias, la liberte d’internet, le libre exercice des journaliste, etc…L’urgence sanitaire ne devrait  aboslument  pas servir de pretexte pour museler la presse, en ligne mais aussi hors ligne. Le droit a l’information fait partie integrante de la liberte d’expression, et c’est surtout en periode de crise sanitaire que les citoyens ont le plus besoin d’avoir acces a des informations credibles, afin de pouvoir prendre les decisions judicieuses concernant leur propre sante et la sante de leur proche. Une societe informee est sans aucun doute mieux armee face a des situtations exceptionnelles de pandemie. Or de nombreux Etats ont pratique la censure durant cette periode, ce qui a amene des institutions telles que l’Unesco, Le Conseil de l’Europe, le rapporteur special des Nations Unies en matiere de la liberte d’opinion et la liberte d’expression, entre autres, a condamner de telles actes et d’affirmer qu’il convenait tout en essayant d’attenuer la crise sanitaire mondiale, de preserver la liberte d’expression et d’information. Des medias libres, independants, et pluralistes mais egalement  un environnement numerique ou l’acces a internet reste libre et sans obstacle, demeurent indubitablement les  indicateurs permettant de garantir non seulement la sante des etats democratiques, mais aussi  la sante tout court des citoyens.

In this study, we attempt to investigate Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network and British Broadcasting Corporation Persian Network in terms of the last round of nuclear talks between Iran and six major powers, and indetify their performance and effective factors. In a first place, by investigation of subject literature and interviews, we receive the performance of these networks and presented that in the form of two models. The methodology used in the study is the Grounded Theory and the data was accumulated through developing fifteen partially organized interviews with managers of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network and professors and experts in communication and media. The sampling was done by the purposive method and after the coding step, the result of interview was formed in the conceptual model of the performance of British Broadcasting Corporation Persian and conceptual of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting News Network.Considering the categories going through the study, five basic categories was determined for each network as follows: Policy and Constraction, Condition of Representation, Budget and Human Resources, Press Coverage, and Audience.

The purpose of this study is to identify a variety of discourse and frameworks constructed in two iraninternational and Deutsche Welle sites. The main subject of this study is the American maritime coalition project in the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. The number of selected samples in this study is 8 news and news reports. Findings indicate that the two websites in terms of lexical items, persons and institutions mentioned in the text, polarization, citations, presuppositions, connotations and the consensus and agreement and underlying predicates in the outset, middle and end of the four countries events,  those have a great differences and low similarities.  According to the research results, Irainternational's main discourse has been a "iran fobia" in the " America's Savior Framework". The Persian Deutsche Welle has also spoken in the form of “Anti-tension dialogue" within independent Germany framework.

In this article, six events on Instagram social media that are declining and building moral values ​​and discussed by Iranian users have been studied. These six events started on Instagram between 1397 and 1398, and the scope of discussion related to them expanded in other media and cyberspace websites. The purpose of this study is how to deconstruct and construct moral values ​​in the Instagram network with the approach of communication action (public domain) Jürgen Habermas. A qualitative study with an exploratory approach and based on comments and opinions of users around these six events has been the basis of analysis. From the thousands of comments made by cyberspace users about each event under review, a total of 296 comments were selected for analysis. These comments are presented in the form of a qualitative model derived from the heart of the data entitled "Iranian users' activism model" in the construction and decline of the moral values ​​of virtual social media (Instagram).

This research aimed to recognize demonstrated life style models in MBC4 channel series; reaching to this aim, Turkey series ‘Noor’ and ‘MiRNA and Khalil’ has selected by intentionally improbable sampling and investigated by content analysis.  The findings show that the studied series represent the life style related to social upper classes; modern and high-priced status symbols, high income jobs and luxury houses and cars which are indicators of upper classes that are represented in these studied series. In addition, they did not demonstrate the refusal of forbidden and outside of family frame relations, non-luxurious and observe of appropriate clothing in any investigated scene.

The most important points to consider in the definition of cultural development are: first, we must consider cultural development as a valuable category, second, we must consider it as a multidimensional and complex process, and third, in examining the issue of cultural development and addressing its barriers. Iran, to the three paradigms of Iran, Islam and the West, must act in such a way that, in addition to preserving the reserves of the rich culture of Iran and Islam, I ignore the neglect of modernity. Basically, culture is one of the most important factors in the realization of development, and therefore, cultural development is one of the basic preconditions for the realization of development and one of the fundamental ideals of development in any society; Therefore, most development experts, including UN agents and officials, place special emphasis on the development of culture as one of the most important factors in the realization of development. In this article, while defining and the characteristics of culture, the definitions of development and the concept of cultural development are discussed. Cultural underdevelopment in the country has been studied and then the tension between development as an element of change in society, and culture as an element of resistance in society, and the author has a specialized view on how to change culture in society.

Today, in the 21st century due to the enormous amount of information, people are directed to the management of information, communications technology into the organization, training management functions can be changed. The change in the effective manner in the field of information technology and communications capabilities and activities to identify and then provide the context of these activities. The subsequent educational management familiar with the new conditions necessary to find the exploitation of the capabilities that information and communications technology can create, promoting educational managers. In this paper has been trying to start a brief history of both of communications and information technology and management and education, and then the impact of the consequences of the information and communications technology to promote education management to explain. It further conditions and opportunities that the application of information and communication technology management provides training, reviewed. Research Methodology present descriptive analysis - research materials include: (books, papers, the end of the letters) associated with the issue.

About twenty years ago, we witnessed a conceptual design of corporate social responsibility that is one of the most important categories in the management of firms and companies. In this paper, we are going to explore the sociological explanation of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate profits. And their organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The research method in this paper is a survey method. The statistical population is all employees of Parsian Bank and units of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. According to Cochran formula, 215 were selected as statistical sample. In this research, to measure the social responsibility variable, a researcher-made scale was used based on theoretical model of Carole (1991), Voloski Weslawcz (2014) and Lantos (2001) in the form of Likert scale consisting of 16 items (item) and taking into account 7 dimensions of social responsibility The models are used. It is also used to measure organizational effectiveness and effectiveness based on the conceptual definitions of Roberts (1992) and Simpson (2002) and based on organizational performance indicators through a scale of 10 items in the Likert scale. Findings showed that between firm commitment to Respect for social responsibility (in terms of economic needs, observance of laws and regulations, observance of business ethics and humanitarian obligations) and the level of organizational efficiency of that relationship.