نشریه روان سنجی
پیاپی 31 (زمستان 1398)

The present study aimed at conducting an initial standardization of Enneagram Test for among students, So, if it has a high reliability and validity, it can be used to prepare the Iranian norm. The statistical population of the study included students from Tehran who studied at a university in Tehran. The sampling method was carried out in this research. The sample size was 368 people (177 women) and (191 men) who were tested by Enneagram Wagner questionnaire. To analyze the data, the index of statistical analysis of the main components and exploratory factor structure was used. The findings showed that the Enneagram Test in Iranian society had a good validity (0/56 to 0/82) and reliability (0/597 to 0/930). Based on the findings, This tool can be used in the Iranian community as a tool of pivotal personality typology. based on the findings, According to the findings, application of the Enneagram test recommend for normal people and research studies.

The purpose of this Research is to "standardization the Second Edition of Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS-2), in Iran" The main question of this Research was to determine whether the second version of Reynolds Intelligence Scales has desirable psychometric properties in Iranian normative society. The population of the Research consisted of all persons in the age range of 3 to 90 years, numbering 2 0 0 0 perso ns and fro m t h e mo s t populous provinces of Iran have been selected. In the present study, 200 individuals were selected as the sample by using unequal proportional stratified random sampling from each province. The measuring tool of the present study is the second version of Reynolds Intelligence Scales, which was developed in 2015 by Reynolds and Kamphaus to measure intelligence with two factors of crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence with four target word tests and different Crystallized intelligence and analogical analogy and the missing portion of fluid intelligence were designed and standardized on 2154 individuals in the age range of 3 to 94 years. It has good validity and reliability. In order to investigate the psychometric properties of the mentioned instrument in Iran, by using statistical analysis of the original version, to calculate the coefficients of validity with emphasis on intrinsic homogeneity (with two Cronbach's alpha and split- halph methods) and stability coefficient as well. Validity has been discussed with emphasis on construct validity (with orthogonal hierarchical factor analysis) and concurrent validity (with the fifth version of Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales). Finally, the research findings showed that the second version of Reynolds Intelligence Scales using two Cronbach's alpha and split-half tests with Spearman-Brown modification to calculate internal consistency above 0.78 as well as stability coefficient which Above 0.82 indicates good validity and indicates reproducibility of the instrument. Also, by analyzing the orthogonal hierarchical factor, it was determined that "fluid intelligence" and "crystallized intelligence" could be considered as one factor in "normative intelligence" in normative individuals .

Multifaceted Measure of Academic Procrastination (MMAP) is one of the comprehensive and new tools for evaluating this construct. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of MMAP in students. This study was a descriptive crosssectional design and validiation study. The research population consisted of all students of University of Guilan in the academic year 2018-2019 that selected During cluster sampling. the first test-retest reliability of the tool (n=44), Then, dimensionality and psychometric properties of the tool were evaluated (n=400), Finally, the explored factors underwent confirmatory factor analysis (n=40). correlation of total scores of MMAP with a 3-week interval showed that the test-retest reliability was 0.85. Exploratory factor revealed that three extracted factors explained 54.94% of the total variance of MMAP. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for subscales of negative outcomes, procrastination behavior, negative emotions and total questionnaire were calculated 0.94, 0.93, 0.87 and 0.95, respectively. The correlation coefficient of the subscales with total score was obtained in a range 0.33 to 0.91 (P<0.01). The MMAP convergent and divergent validity through correlating with the Savari Procrastination Test and the Conscientiousness Subscale of NEO Questionnaire were estimated 0.68 and -0.48, respectively, which indicates that construct validity is desirable. However, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the existence of these structures with certainty (GFI=0.488, CFI=0.593, NFI=0.462, TLI=0.544, RMSEA=0.178). Although the MMAP dimensionality is not associated with certainty, but the factors extracted from it have good correlation with the total score and its reliability and convergent and divergent validity are confirmed. Therefore, the Persian version of MMAP is a valid tool that can be used in educational settings to measure the procrastination problems.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the emotional processing questionnaire in young people. 200 students were randomly selected via cluster sampling among male and female students of Islamic Azad University-Roudehen Branch and completed this questionnaire. To analyze the data, the first a confirmatory factor analysis was used and the results showed that fitting indices were not an acceptable level, so exploratory factor analysis was performed. Based on exploratory factor analysis, two coherent factors were identified in the emotional processing questionnaire. The first factor was called weakened and suppressed emotions, and the second factor was named "impoverished emotional processing", that 59 percent of the total variance of the test was explained by these two factors. The reliability (with test-retest method) of the total score of this questionnaire was 0.93, and the internal consistency of the total score and the two components of this questionnaire were 0.93, 0.78 and 0.75, respectively. It is recommended that psychologists, counselors, and researchers apply this questionnaire for measuring dysfunctional emotional processing.

Sleep is one of essential human needs which results in the spiritual and physical vitality of man through it. Sleepiness is feeling of need orintense interestfor falling asleep. Excessive sleepiness can have bad consequences for humans. During adolescence due to psychological and physical changes (physical maturity) and emotional maturity, create many sleeping problems in adolescents. Aim of this study was to investigate psychometric properties of Epworth sleepiness scale of questionnaire in adolescents. In this study, which was a descriptive - analytic form of normative analysis, with use from sampling method, 701 adolescents with average age of 16.52 years old with standard deviation of 2.06 years, they completed questionnaire of Epworth sleepiness scale, insomnia severity index, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, adolescent sleep health, and sleep general measurement. Also was used to measure reliability from Cronbach Alpha method and for measure retest reliability of 10% of participants at intervals of 4-6 weeks, was completed Epworth sleepiness scale of questionnaire. Also, concurrency validation, structural validation and factor structure to confirmatory factor analysis method and exploratory analysis and validity and reliability of Epworth sleepiness scale were tested divide to gender. Amount of Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.78 and also, Spearman correlation result was 0.80 in re-test which showed reliability of good retest, that was significant correlation between indicators with Epworth sleepiness scale. And also results also show confirmation of the research model, and with strength, explains enough variance in each factor. Result is that Persian version of Epworth sleepiness scale can be as reliable and valid tool for assess sleepiness scale of Farsilanguage adolescents.

Flow can improve the quality of life and promote personal growth as well as many positive psychological outcomes however research literature showed that there is no valid and reliable instrument for unique Iranian culture. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Flow Inventory for high school students. The population of this research includes all high school students in Ray in 2017 - 2018 academic years. The total number of the participants was 464 which were selected by the random cluster sampling method. They answered to Flow Short Scale by Rheinberg, Vollmeyer, and Engeser. Exploratory factor analysis extracts 2 subscales which were confirmed by first order confirmatory factor analysis. Second order confirmatory factor analysis displayed that these two components can be categorized in one concept which is flow. In sum, we can say that Flow Short Scale has suitable validity and reliability among high school students.

The   purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the hidden   curriculum with creativity of students at Payame Noor University of Boukan   during the academic year 2017-2018. The research method is descriptive   correlational. The statistical population includes all students in the Payam-e-NoorUniversity of Boukan, who have been   studying in the undergraduate degree. The Sample size which included 150   Participents was selected by simple random sampling method. Hassan Maleki   (2007) and Abedi's creativity (1993) From two questionnaires were used to   collect the data. To analyze the datas, we used descriptive statistics   including (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics including   (Pearson correlation coefficient R). The results of analyzing the hypotheses   showed that there is a significant relationship between hidden curriculum in   general and its components, including student-student relationships, teacher   teaching method, university's physical structure, student-student   relationship with creativity in the level 0.01.

the purpose of the present study was to compare psychological needs and perceived stress based on children's and children's tests and family drawing tests It was divorced and inaccurate in children. In this comparative study, the statistical  population consisted of primary school children, elementary schools in   Tehran, among them 60 children of ordinary families and 60 children living in divorced families, in a non-random manner and in Available as sample and   matched. The instruments used in this research were Family Draw Test and Children's Anesthesia Test. The results of square test showed that in all   perceived stress variables based on the family drawing test (removal from the  drawing, parental removal from the drawing, parenting with distance, deletion  of the organs of the body, lack of color variation There was a significant  difference between the normal children and the divorce in painting using cold colors (p <0.05). Also, comparing the psychological needs of children  based on the children's and children's tests on the variables of the child's matching with the parents, the fear of violence or hostile acts in the child,  the independence and dependence on the child, the child's fear of being rejected and staying alone, with 95% confidence between normal children And   divorce is statistically significant. But in the other components, the scale  of the psychological needs includes the competition of the child with the  sister and brother, the reconciliation with the younger brother or sister, the child's conception of parental sexual intercourse, the anxiety and the   use of the defense mechanism, the child's perception of kindness and parental   punishment, There is no significant difference between normal children and   divorce in the toilet, walking, cleaning and parental behavior (p> 0.05).