فصلنامه پژوهش های مدیریت در ایران
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 109، پاییز 1399)

In this article, it is argued that there is variation in the meaning of managerial competence for members of groups dealing with managers, and empirical study is proposed to grasp it. Next, application of this proposal is shown through a qualitative study using phenomenography method with 33 participants from employees of an organization. Research data is gathered through semi-structured interviews, and analysis shows six qualitatively different ways of experiencing managerial competence: Competence as being referral, as being developer, as being enabler, as being director, as being institutionalizer, and as being representative. In addition, these ways of experiencing are seen as embedded in a hierarchy constituted by four levels of personal management, employees’ management, work management and work foundation management; which shows their structural differences besides differences in their meanings.

Crises are always the hardest test for every management theory. There are few management theories that work in the face of severe crises. As a result, organizations and managers in practice, during major crises, suspend many of their functions, dimensions and tasks. Meanwhile, the field of decision-making has a special status, because this field can’t be closed at all. Accordingly, practical theories of decision making in crisis are one of the most essential needs of any organization in times of crisis. In this regard, we tried to explain the application of PANDA decision-making strategy in critical situations. To this end, the corona crisis was chosen as the focus area. The Corona crisis, as one of the most important human crises that is currently affecting the whole world, is the best option for this purpose. In order to narrow the scope of the research, the decisions of the National Anti-Corona Headquarters of Iran were selected as our cases. Therefore, multiple case study method was selected as the method of the present study. The results of this study show that the characteristics of consequentialism, multiple feedback, speed of action and systematic attitude are the four main characteristics of Panda method that make this method especially suitable for critical situations.

Banks, as one of the most important financial institutions, have an important role in the countrychr('39')s economy and always seek to provide products and services in accordance with the needs and desires of customers. Having the right banking approach and model can help provide services and products that meet the needs of customers. One of these approaches to achieve this goal is a universal banking model that requires special factors to be implemented in the country. This research has been conducted with the same purpose and in order to identify and analyze the factors affecting the implementation of universal banking in the banking system in the country. For this purpose, fifty factors were identified through the study of the subject literature and interviews with experts and managers of the banking industry who have experience in implementing universal banking and were examined using the Delphi approach. Factors were located in six general categories, customer; Infrastructure, process, structure, manpower and rules and regulations. Then, in order to identify the axial indicators, fuzzy cognitive map was used, the results of which showed that providing products tailored to customer needs has more focus than other factors. Finally, using Impornace-Performance Analysis(IPA) the factors were further analyzed and the results showed that fifteen factors require vital attention.

Employee personal branding is essential as a key concept for personal and organizational success. To this end, this research seeks to identify the dimensions and components of employee personal branding. This research, in terms of the purpose, is development-functional type and in terms of data collection is descriptive and in terms of data certainty, itchr('39')s kind of exploratory. The research method is mixed. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used content analysis and survey, respectively. The statistical population was in the qualitative part of the texts related to the research subject and in the quantitative part were experts, supervisors, consultants, deputies and active managers of different fields of insurance industry in Tehran. Dimensions and components of Employee personal branding were extracted from 28 sources. The result of literature review and analysis was the extraction of 55 Indicator or reagent, 6 components and 2 dimensions. Accordingly, the Employee personal branding has two individual and interpersonal dimensions, that The individual dimension includes the Components of knowledge, skills and abilities, personality and attitude, and the interpersonal dimension includes the Components of emotional intelligence, mental impression and social interaction. in the quantitative part The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 30 experts.  For structural equation modeling and Pls software were used to analyze the data obtained from the proportionality questionnaire and The results showed that the model dimensions and components of personal branding of the employee have a good fit.

The use of elite human resources in decision-making and implementation of decisions adopted in government organizations is a necessity accepted by many managers and organizational experts, however in practice a significant number of managers at different levels for various reasons and with Different strategies evade effective use and interaction with the elite.The aim of this study was to investigate the elitist strategies of managers in Iranian government organizations with a combined approach. In the qualitative section, the required data were calculated through a library study of available sources and semi-structured interviews with 15 experts from Hamedan government organizations and analysis of the qualitative content of the interviews. The statistical population in both qualitative and quantitative sections of the study were experts working in government organizations in Hamadan. In the quantitative section, first, using the fuzzy Delphi method, the consensus of 15 experts (interview stage) on the identified and categorized strategies was calculated. In order to rank the strategies, according to Morganchr('39')s table, 108 questionnaires were randomly distributed among the community of 153 experts of government organizations in Hamadan. The questionnaires collected to rank strategies were analyzed using the SWARA method. The findings showed that managers use 39 strategies in the form of 4 general strategies in order of priority: individual, managerial, organizational and job. At the end of the research, executive and research suggestions are presented.

It is the ethics and commitment to morals in today’s business that are of the most important factors that shape the buyer’s thinking and manners on a growing basis. One of the main challenges ahead of businesses, especially online businesses is sellerschr('39') commitments to morals that influences different aspects of each business such as the buyerchr('39')s behavioral tendencies and retailer image. The present study examined electronic retailers’ ethics and its impacts on the buyerchr('39')s behavioral tendencies and retailer image. In terms of aims, the study is developmental and practical. The statistical population includes 342 customers that shop online. The quantitative data were gathered by means of questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling and through SPSS and PLS software. The model of e-retailers ethics involves five dimensions: 1. Privacy, 2. Security, 3. Reliability, 4. Non-deception, 5. Benevolence. As for the findings, e-retailers ethics positively affect the buyerchr('39')s behavioral tendencies and retailer image.

Regret is a key element of future customer behaviors & Post-Purchase Regret is one of the negative emotions after the purchase. The development of technology and the ease of access to information about not selected purchase options have raised the possibility of regret. Generally, there are various factors in the post-purchase regret that increase or decrease the intensity of this negative feeling. .In this research , based on Narrative research methodology, interviews  was conducted with 10 young women. thematic analysis revealed factors intensify post –purchase regret in 9 categories: ease of Physical and technical comparison options, acceptance of responsibility, brand credibility and product price level, decision maximization versus satisfaction, decision justification, social comparison, diversity and time horizons of future options, and ultimately enduring involvement with the chosen option.