Anthropogenic Pollution Journal
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Summer and Autumn 2018

The physicochemical properties of rainfall and dry deposition of Akure, Nigeria were measured over a period of one year (July 2015 to June 2016) at six different locations. A total of 72 rainwater samples was analyzed for the Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Free CO2, and Acidity using standard methods. The mean results depicted - TDS (22.51mg/L), Temperature (28.2oC), pH (6.92), EC (44.75 µS/cm), Free CO2 (20.97 mg/L), and Acidity (254.83 mg/L). Only three of the rain water samples were observed in the acidic range (< 4.6) suggesting that the presence of alkaline particles in the samples were not high enough to neutralize acidic species available in the water. Multivariate statistical analyses, such as Factor Analysis as well as Correlation Matrix showed significant anthropogenic pollutant intrusions in the rainwater samples. Cluster Analysis revealed the similarity between TDS and EC and this was confirmed by Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r = 0.99) at a significance level of 0.05. The study suggested that traffic activities were the main sources of deposition in the locations under this study.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are potentially toxicant substances whose widespread use has raised considerations regarding environmental risks caused by the discharge of those nanoparticles (NPs) into aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of Ag-NPs on the hematologic parameters Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss juvenile. Hematological toxicities of Ag-NPs to rainbow trout juveniles were assessed in four treatment groups: Control (without Ag-NPs), 0.1gr/L Ag-NPs solution (T1), 0.25gr/l Ag-NPs (T2) and 0.5gr/l Ag-NPs (T3). Blood samples were collected from fish after 5 and 10 days of exposure. Analysis of blood parameters in the 5th and 10th days of the experiment showed that the values white blood cells (WBCs) were higher in all treatments than those in the control group (P

The bringing human populations to cities and increasing urban living and creation of quick human progress in agriculture and industry have caused a lot of pollution. One of the main concerns that exist today is the identification and elimination of environmental pollution. The environmental pollution through heavy metals has become one of the biggest issues facing human societies today. There are several methods to identify such contaminations, but the use of nanobiosensors is the best method. Biosensors are divided to different types according to how the signals are transmitted, such as optical, magnetic, etc. In addition, nanobiosensors identify biologically pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and the like with high accuracy and sensitivity. In addition to identifying heavy metals and environmental contaminants, nanobiosensors have replaced time-consuming and expensive methods. The yeast biosensors are a good example of these biosensors. Considering all the results and activities carried out, designing and researching on the construction of new nanosensors, monitoring and caring for more human activities can have desirable results.

Mashhad City (located in North-East of Iran) is the second metropolitan city in Iran after capital which is Tehran. Every year, a considerable number of domestic and foreign pilgrims and tourists visit Mashhad and therefore taking air pollution in this city into account would be an inevitable urge. Environmental science engineers have found some solutions by looking at the map of dispersion of pollutants and combining them through Geographic Information System (GIS). In this research Mashhad City’s air pollution data and geographic coordinates of 11 urban air quality monitoring stations have been gathered by referring to Environmental Pollution Monitoring Centre. Data gathered from those 11 stations in the year 2015, including Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), Ozone (O3), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Carbon Dioxide (Co2) were put into Excel (software) and five tables of Mashhad City’s main pollutants (Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate Matter 2.5 micro meter) were designed. Then using ARC GIS 9.3 (software), Geographic Information System analysis of dispersion of pollutants in the city was conducted. Finally, the analysis of the condition of air pollutants in Mashhad City was studied. In this study, using existing information on air pollution in Mashhad city and referring to the Environmental Pollution Monitoring Center and using the GIS, we analyzed the air pollution situation in the city and it was observed that in January, it has the highest levels of contamination. The pollutant responsible for this month is suspended particles.

Nowadays risk management is intended to be a solution in project management to deal with the risks and events that may occur in an industrial project. The risk management is a process that is able to identify, analyze risks and determine strategies to reduce the effects of that. Also, most managers are challenged, especially when they are supposed to choose between multiple solutions to a problem. In this project we have tried to use the FMEA and AHP techniques to evaluate the environmental risk posed by Ahvaz oil field development as well. List of aspects and environmental impacts of completed construction and operation phases and the scoring were based on the criteria mentioned methods. The level of risks were at three levels: low, medium and high, respectively. For the construction phase from all 35 rated risks 5 were high-level, 19 were medium-level, and 11 showed a low level of risk. Operation phase from all 29 risks 4 were high-level risk, 15 were medium risk and 10 were low-level. In the end, strategies for reducing environmental pollutants in construction, operation and management phase and in the framework of manpower, vehicles, materials and operations are provided.

 This paper was concerned to simulate seepage phenomena (problems) via a novel approach. A high-resolution finite volume method (FVM) was employed to solve the two-dimensional (2D) seepage equations (SEs) using an unstructured grids. Voronoi mesh generation method has been exploited for grid generation method due to its special advantages. In this attempt, to reach to a proper accuracy, solving method obtained on even-odd steps was applied.The model named V-Seep (with MATLAB software) was run under different seepage conditions and then verified by comparing the model outputs with results obtained from different models and measured seepage. The Phase2-2D and Seep-W software which are based on FEM and a code based on FVM with triangular grids. Due to a precise agreement between those output and other software results, the V-Seep could be considered as a reliable method for dealing with seepage problems, especially in embankment dams. In addition, statistical observations indicated a good conformity between the V-Seep and measured data from a case study. The results indicated a higher efficiency and precision of the discrete equations resulted from the Voronoi mesh. Thus, it could be recommended to utilize the Voronoi mesh in the numerical discrete equations.