Anthropogenic Pollution Journal
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Summer and Autumn 2019

the study aimed to validate the proposed model for environmental policy in the country to decrease environmental pollution in form of a network approach. This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out through survey approach. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts and policy makers in the field of environment who had environmental planning and policy making experience at national and regional level. In this research, Structural Equation Method (SEM) was used for analysis. The results showed good and acceptable fit regarding two indices of TLI and CFI (0.93). On the other hand, the number obtained in terms of the GFI index also indicates the relative fitness of the model (0.86). Also, the acceptability of the model is confirmed regarding PNFI and PGFI indices through the obtained numbers which were 0.78 and 0.84, respectively. The achieved value of the RMSEA index (0.073) also indicates that the model is acceptable. Finally, the results of factor analysis showed that this model was fit and all the numbers and parameters were significant. These facts confirm the acceptability and excellent fitness of the model. In sum, among the three main factors related to the data of the network-based environmental policy system, the “intervening conditions” with the factor loading of 0.96 was the best predictors. Out of the 17 measured items, the component of "national maturity" had the highest factor loading and the component of "Eleventh State Environmental Policies" had the lowest factor loading.

Textile industries are the major industries which mainly use different dyes. In this industries estimated that 15 % of dyes are lost in wastewater during manufacturing and dying process. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of Yellow Acid-36 dye in the presence of UV irradiation intensity has been investigated. At this experiment Synthetic solution was made from Yellow Acid-36 dye and we used TiO2 p-25 as a catalyst. The influence of various operation parameters, such as initial dye concentration, solution pH, time of contact, catalyst dosage and UV irradiation intensity on the degradation process was examined and optimized conditions for maximum degradation was determined. The result showed that the most dye degradation efficiency was in low pH solution. In 100 g/m2 Tio2 concentration, pH=3, contact time= 105 min, irradiation intensity 30 W and dye concentration: 5mg/l , dye degradation percentage was 97.6 and this method was effective in removal of Yellow Acid 36.

The noise pollution produced by various aircraft systems, including hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical systems and auxiliary aircraft equipment inside the aircraft hangars, generally cause hearing impairment and mental disorder of shift and office personnel. Identifying hangar noise pollutants can lead to find solutions and methods to deal with the contaminants in the aviation industry. In the first phase of the research, the sound study in each specified region of the hangar, the required measurements and frequency analysis are done to determine the type of sound control appropriate for the hangar. Measurements in this study were conducted in accordance with standards, and the results of the measurements and equilibrium calculations after recording were compared with the permissible exposure limits in accordance with the Occupational Exposure Limit values. The results show that the highest sound pressure level corresponds to sheet metal activities (128 dBC) and thereafter respectively, pneumatic systems (112 dBC), hydraulic pumps (104 dBC) and electrical systems (86 dBA), and found that noise pollution of the hangar during the specified time for shift and office personnel is higher than the permissible limits, and this exposure is harmful to the physical and mental health of the staff. In the second phase of the research, by the results of statistical analysis of the questionnaires, there was a significant relationship between the result of estimating noise intensity and the extent of its annoyance by shift and office personnel, which most people in the hangar believe that this level of noise pollution is very annoying.

Hazardous waste is generated by numerous industrial, commercial, agricultural and even domestic sources. The dangers of these wastes can vary depending on their types and environmental conditions and various short-term and long-term effects ranging from acute to chronic are expected. This study was carried out in regard to health and economic considerations and to create motivation for conducting studies to identify industrial hazardous waste which plays an important role in growing trend of country's industry. In this research, we selected 51 important industrial units of Ardebil province and data were collected through questionnaires, in-person interviews with the units’ authorities and referring to available documents. The information contained the types and amount of waste, temporary storage method, Discharge frequency, final disposal method, and the status of recycling and reuse. The results obtained from data analysis without considering uncontrolled industrial wastewater, show the annual production of Approximate 2,010,265 tons of waste; which about 1502 tons of this amount (according to available list in the Basel Convention), has classified under the title hazardous waste and about 12.42% of this type of waste was toxic. The share of liquid and solid physical states of the waste is respectively 59.87%, 13.77%. It should be noted that there is no temporary storage for about 20.29% of this waste. Reviewing the final disposal method indicates that about 28.66% of hazardous waste is discharged into the environment without any control.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of environmental education on environmental change, environmental behavior of school students and elementary schools. The study conducted in Tehran. It is a cross-sectional study and to achieve the aim of the study a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions printed out. This is based on knowledge, attitudes and environmental behavior of students available to the study and presented to two groups of students; ordinary and green schools (8 schools) which constitute about 100 students from each schools. After checking the students' responses, the results of the analysis, were analyzed using SPSS software with the help of comparison test to two independent groups (T) and test comparing several independent groups (F) examined the research .The result revealed that between the two groups of green school students and ordinary ones, there are no significant difference (P> .05). This means that environmental education on behavior modified schools had little impact.

Chitosan is one of the natural biopolymer. Despite its importance, the characterization and extraction processes of this essential biopolymer are yet enigmatic. In this study, we developed an analytical procedure for the extraction of chitin and chitosan from the aquatic beetles’ shells (Hydraenidae family). The commercial chitosan and isolated chitosan, obtained during our experiment were analyzed by XRD, EDX, SEM, FT-IR, TGA, and UV-vis DRS techniques. Our results indicate 38% chitin and 23.5% chitosan segregated from the aquatic beetles’ shells. The ratio of protein residues to the wet weight (RWW) of the segregated chitosan was about 24%. FT-IR analysis attested that the isolated chitosan from the aquatic beetles’ shells was identical to the commercial chitosan. The EDX analysis does not reveal any impurities or the used precursor's characterized peaks, confirming high purity percentage of the segregated chitosan. Furthermore, according to the SEM images the segregated chitosan has smooth surface with amorphous property. Ultimately, the antibacterial activities of isolated chitosan were investigated against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria to assess their potential antibacterial applications. The results showed that the isolated chitosan from the aquatic beetles represented an outstanding performance in against the studied bacteria.

Increasing knowledge about important factors of groundwater pollution caused due to anthropogenic activities i.e. human actions demands an understanding of the reality.

Hence, in this study, the researchers used factor analysis or principal component analysis to identify significant anthropogenic factors affecting the groundwater quality in two districts of West Bengal. Survey method was employed to gather primary data from the school students of the two districts. Cluster sampling method was used to identify the sample for the study. The factors identified in the research were an outcome of the perception of students having exposure to environmental education including field projects and lived experience in rural areas.

The four factors were identified after data analysis 1. Human-Collective-Induced environmental Pollution 2. Government Negligence including Non-Eco friendly Agricultural Policy 3. Non-Eco Friendly daily human activities 4. Non-Environmental Friendly Sanitation arrangements by Local Bodies

This study indicates the importance of positive intervention to reduce anthropogenic causes, at individual, community and government level. The study hints obliquely at lack of information and knowledge based positive practices in the area where the study was taken up. This problem is suggested to be redressed through communication intervention.