مجله دانش و تندرستی در علوم پایه پزشکی
سال پانزدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1399)

Myonectin is one of the myokines and has gained interest as a potential new strategy to combat obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks resistance training on serum myonectin and insulin resistance in obese women.

24 obese women (31.3±2.32 kg/m2 ) were selected to participate in this semi-experimental study.They divided into experimental and control groups randomly. For 8 weeks, the experimental group performed resistance training with 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions in each exercise and the intensity of 50-85 percent of one repetition maximum. Rest time between sets and repetition were determined 2-3 minutes and 30-60 seconds, respectively. 48 hours before training and 48 hours after the last training session, blood samples were collected in the fasting state to measure myonectin and insulin resistance by ELISA and HOMA-IR formula. The data were analyzed at significant level of P≤0.05 using 23th version of SPSS software.

According to the results, there were significant difference in serum levels of myonectin and insulin resistance after 8 weeks of resistance training (P=0.03, P=0.02 respectively).

Although it has been observed that exercise cause increase in myonectin and improve metabolic disorder, but it seems that myonectin,s change mechanism in response to resistance training, may be different in obese people and it may related to myonectin elevation in these people

Cisplatin is an anticancer drug that is used to treat different cancers, but has several side effects such as hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and neuropathy. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of usnic acid on Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

In this study, 30 male rats were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups: control group, Cisplatin with 10 mg/kg group and cisplatin with 10 mg/kg + usnic acid with 100mg/kg for 7 days. On the eighth day, all mice were anesthetized and blood samples were taken directly from the heart and kidney tissue was collected for oxidative stress testing.

Cisplatin increased plasma BUN and creatinine compared with the control group. Also, in the cisplatin group, malondialdehyde (MDA) of kidney was increased and the glutathione (GSH) was decreased. Treatment with usnic acid, caused a significant decrease in BUN and creatinine and MDA and a significant increase in GSH compared with the cisplatin group.

Given the improvement in renal functional indicator and the reduction of oxidative stress in the usnic acid group, using of usnic acid has a protective effect against renal damage partly due to oxidative stress caused by Cisplatin.

Oxidative stress caused by increased glucose causes an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. Trivalent chromium can boost insulin action, and selenium acts as an antioxidant. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress induced by diabetes and the antioxidant role of chromium and selenium in the care of diabetic oxidative stress.

30 types 2 diabetic patients and 25 healthy individuals participated in this study. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile was measured in all subjects with a biochemical autoanalyzer. Oxidative stress, glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) indices were performed with special kits. Also, chromium and selenium were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 19). The correlation between the obtained factors was evaluated using the Pearson test (version 6). (P<0.05) was considered significant.

(GSH) and (GPx) were respectively (4.04 ± 0.68 µM and 27.78 ± 4.35 U/ml) that were lower in the diabetic group compared to non-diabetic group (8.26 ± 0.65 and 41.28 ± 0.74). The amount of chromium and selenium in diabetic patients (7.8 ± 0.19 µg/L and 65.24 ± 4.05 µg/L), which is compared to healthy individuals decreased (10.7 ± 0.20 µg/L and 90.60 ± 1.72 µg/L). The P-value in all of them was less than 0.001.

It can be concluded that chromium and selenium deficiency, which are antioxidants, affect oxidative stress indices. Therefore, appropriate therapies to strengthen antioxidant defenses can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effect high interval exercise training and thyme honey extract on glucose and lipide profile of type 2 diabetic male rats.

The statistical population of the present study consisted of male rats.After 20 weeks of dieting with a high-fat diet and then intraperitoneally injected with a low dose of 25 mg of STZ per kilogram of weight. rats with fasting glucose between 150 and 400 mg / dL were considered type 2 diabetic rat.Diabetic rats divided In 4 groups of diabetic control (6 heads), HIIT (8), thyme honey (6), HIIT and thyme honey (8 heads), HIITand HIIT- thyme honey were performed Eight-week aerobic exercise program, five sessions per week in the 2-minute HIIT with 80 to 90 % Vo2max and a one-minute break with 50 to 56% vo2max. Thyme honey Gavage was administered orally with a 3 g / g 5 days a week during the protocol. At the end of the training period, the rats were anesthetized by Ether and sacrificed. Glucose and lipide profiles were measured using the autoanalyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and two-factor analysis of variance and effect size and Bonferoni post Hock test for determination to compare the effect of independent variables.

The research findings showed that the LDL, TG, CHOL of lipid profile in the HIIT group and thyme honey compared to diabetic control decreased, and TG significant decreased in the HIIT (P=0.01). Also, HDL in the group of HIIT and thyme honey and the interaction of HIIT-thyme honey compared to control had a significant increase.

Therefore, it was concluded that the interactive effect of HIIT and consumption of thyme honey has been effective in improving glucose and fat profile.

Washed blood is a product obtained from whole blood by centrifugation and removal of plasma and washing of red blood cells in an isotonic solution. This study aimed to determine the causes of consumption of washed blood in Urmia teaching and medical hospitals in 2017.

This study was a retrospective and includes 75 requests for washed blood of patients that were requested from the blood bank during 2017 in a total of 135 units in Imam Khomeini, Taleghani, Seyed Al-Shohada, and Motahhari hospitals under the auspices of Urmia University of Medical Sciences.

In this study, the results showed that female gender with 41 (54.7%) cases and also the age group between (31-45) years with 18 (24%) cases with a total of 29 units were among the most requested, also dialysis ward with 27 (36%) cases with 48 units and kidney and heart failure with 18 (24%) cases and 32 units were among the most requested, Chronic anemia was also the main reason for requesting a blood transfusion. Most of the requests were in the morning shift and most of the deliveries and injections were in the evening shift, and most of the patients had only 1 unit of blood washed and had one request, delivery, and injection.

The amount of washed blood use in Urmia teaching and medical hospitals is relatively appropriate, but it needs training and informing to officials of medical centers for proper and appropriate use of this product.

Parkinson's disease has become an increasing public health issue that its symptoms become more severe over time. Early diagnosis and treatment of this disease leads to improving the skills, abilities and performance of patients in daily life. In order to diagnose the disease early, it is necessary to produce clinical decision-making assistance systems that are able to detect the diagnostic rules of the disease.

This study provides an automatic way to extract novel diagnostic rules for Parkinson's disease. The proposed method is based on logic regression and simulated annealing algorithm. To evaluate the method, the Oxford Parkinson's data set was used, which contains 22 biomedical voice measurements from 31 people, 23 with Parkinson's disease. The dataset has 195 voice recording from these individuals.

The results include two diagnostic rules; If high accuracy was the main concern, a new rule has been proposed that includes 21 logical statements that have an accuracy of 92.31%, a sensitivity of 85.42%, and a specificity of 94.56%. However, for real-time systems and clinical decision-making assistance with high interpretability, a rule consisting of 3 logical statements has been proposed, which has an accuracy of 78.97%, a sensitivity of 77.08% and a feature of 79.59%.

The results show the high power of interpretability and reliability of the proposed rules in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, which can be used in the implementation of remote diagnostic systems.

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown an increased CAD risk associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SWAP70 (rs10840293) and Rest- NOA1 (rs17087335). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rs10840293 and rs17087335 polymorphism with coronary artery disease in the Iranian population.

This study was a case-control study with the case-base sampling method for the control group. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood collected from 150 patients with CAD and 150 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were genotyped by Taq-Man technology. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.

The genotype frequency distribution did not deviate significantly from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). Allelic frequencies and genotype distributions of rs10840293 and rs17087335 did not show statistical significance between patients with POAG and control subjects (P<0.05).

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the association between SWAP70 and RestNOA1 gene polymorphisms and CAD in an Iranian population. Our data suggest that rs1533428 and rs12994401 are unlikely major risk factors for CAD in an Iranian population.