مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 595 (هفته سوم آذر 1399)

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of school-based versus family-based intervention on weight loss and body mass index (BMI) in obese and overweight students.

The present quasi-experimental study was performed on 137 obese or overweight boy students aged 6-12 years at three schools in Yazd City, Iran, during the years 2018-2019. Of the three selected schools, the first and second schools were randomly assigned to the school-based and family-based intervention groups, respectively, and were trained by a nutritionist for six two-hour sessions. The third school was considered as the control group, and received no training. Weight, BMI, eating habits, and the level of physical activity of students were assessed, recorded, and compared before and six months after the intervention.

There was a significant difference among the three groups regarding the level of physical activity (F = 11.307, df = 2, P < 0.001), eating habits (F = 11.868, df =2, P < 0.001), weight (F = 9.667, df = 2, P < 0.001), and BMI (F = 13.854, df = 2, P < 0.001). In addition, the effect of family-based intervention was significantly higher than that of the school-based intervention (P < 0.050).

According to the results of the present study, although both training interventions had a positive effect on increasing physical activity, improving eating habits, and reducing weight loss and BMI, the effect of school-based training intervention was less than that of the family-based training intervention. Therefore, family-based training intervention can be regarded as the best type of intervention to increase physical activity, improve eating habits, control or reduce weight, and reduce BMI in 6-12-years-old students in Yazd City.

Fasting before surgery is a necessity, but prolonged fasting can lead to serious complications such as decreased perfusion and organ dysfunction. Considering the importance of normal renal function in surgery, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fasting duration before urological surgery and postoperative renal function.

This cross-sectional study was done on 105 patients under urological surgeries. Samples were selected using available target-based method. For each patient, the fasting duration were completed. To measure kidney function before and 24 hours after surgery, serum levels of creatinine (Cr), urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Data were analyzed using, paired t test and Pearson correlation coefficient via SPSS software.

In this study, 105 patients participated who were candidates for urological surgery with a mean age of 52.30 ± 17.06 years. The mean preoperative fasting duration was 15.22 ± 3.70 hours. There was a significant increase in the amounts of serum Cr, BUN, and urea levels after surgery. There was a significant positive relationship between fasting duration and serum Cr, BUN, and urea levels after surgery.

According to the results of this study, there is a relationship between prolonged fasting and renal function. Therefore, special attention of health care providers on the strict implementation of preoperative fasting standards can lead to improved postoperative patient outcomes.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Iran with low survival after diagnosis of hamsters. So far, various factors have been considered in determining the survival rate of this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between tumor length and the survival in patients with esophageal cancer.

In a cross-sectional study, hospital records of 130 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophageal resection surgery in Alzahra and Seyyed al-Shohada hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, during the years 2010-2018 were studied, and the effect of demographic and tumor characteristics in patient’s survival were evaluated.

Of the 130 patients with esophageal cancer, 81 (62.3%) were alive and 49 (37.7%) died. Mean survival time was 45.37 ± 2.2.67 months. Mean survival time was significantly different according to sex, type of tumor, grade of disease, tumor length, tumor location, and pathologic grade of the tumor.

Tumor length is an important factor in the survival of patients with esophageal cancer, but given the significant impact of other factors such as sex, tumor type, severity of the disease progresses, lymph node involvement, and pathologic grade of the tumor, it is necessary to provide a model about the role of these risk factors influencing survival.