نشریه رهیافت پیشگیری
سال یکم شماره 3 (پاییز 1397)

The balanced social, economic, cultural and human development of society, while promoting its social, economic, cultural and human dimensions, requires the realization of the dimensions of development. Crime as a phenomenon that is a disadvantage of social life is one of the most important cases that reducing and preventing its occurrence as one of the main dimensions of development has always been considered. In the meantime, the common experience of humankind in the ages of the ages suggests testing different approaches to the criminal phenomenon and, over time, improving and improving the approaches to crime. This relatively long history has started its first pages of criminal offense with a criminal phenomenon. Human beings, with the view that the punishment of the perpetrators suffered from their suffering and on the one hand, would prevent the perpetrator from repeating the crime and, on the other hand, by deterring others from persuasion, will use collective punishment as the The most advanced way to deal with crime is through the centuries. Hence, a set of criminal justice institutions could be considered as anti-crime front-guards, believing that these institutions constitute the longest-serving part of crime prevention institutions in the history of pre-emptive humanitarian efforts.

Migration as one of the main factors of population change, due to its nature, can produce short-term effects on population structure and socioeconomic characteristics of areas affected by long-term changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the cultural origins of immigrants and drug offenses in Kerman.

The present study is a descriptive-analytic study that was conducted using a survey method. The statistical population of the study, the number of cases filed in the Revolutionary Court and the drug police in Kerman city is 4448. A total of 750 records were selected through systematic sampling. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the data.

About 39% of crimes are drug abusers. Addiction accounted for 29% of the crime. About 53% of the perpetrators were born in Kerman, and about half of the offenders are non-native. Most of the criminals stayed in Kerman (76%). Based on Chi-square test, the relationship between the two variables of the perpetrator or non-native offender is significant with the type of crime committed and the type of substance used.

This study confirms that non-native individuals are affected by numerous problems, such as unfamiliarity with the environment, the problem of choosing housing, employment, earnings, communicating with others and, most importantly, marginalization and the existence of cultural differences between the community of origin and destination , Compared with more indigenous people, are more likely to be subject to crime.

New approaches for controlling crime in human societies, especially the cultural and social approaches of the Iranian police, have made it more urgent to focus on community-based preventive programs. The present study aims to answer the question about the skills and knowledge of the police in social prevention of crime, with the aim of acquiring the skills and knowledge of the police in the social crime prevention.

This research is considered in terms of purpose and general direction of application and in terms of collecting data as a qualitative and exploratory research. The study population includes all experts, managers and police experts in the field of crime prevention. A participatory judgment was used to select participants. In this method, after 15 interviews, the main and the minor factors were repeated in the interviews and the researcher reached theoretical saturation, then the data were analyzed using content analysis method.

The main and secondary codes obtained from interviews with experts and police commanders indicate that a total of 54 indicators were identified in the form of 16 skill indicators and 38 private police knowledge indicators in the field of social prevention from crime.

The results of the research show that the level of skills of police executives as well as the level of private knowledge needed by the police in the field of social prevention of crime can be as much as predictive of the success rate of social prevention programs of crime.

Environmental crime has been considered by the legislature, in view of the particular extent of environmental damage and the irreparable sustained damage and its direct relation with human life. In Iran, various laws have been laid down, but in many cases they are not in line with each other and are controversial. It is felt that there is a coherent legislative policy that involves the prevention, correction, and treatment of the former. The purpose of this study is to investigate Iran’s legislative criminal law in the field.

In this research, by using descriptive method and library and documentary methods, numerous laws in this area were collected and analyzed. The attitude and policy of the legislature were evaluated and the weaknesses, strengths and coherence or conflict of laws Checked together.

Results and Conclusion:

The research findings suggest preventive measures protect the community from statutory penalties and prevent any damage to the environment. The Iranian authorities have not provided a clear definition of the environment and environmental crime. Iran’s policy of ignoring some harmful measures against the environment needs to be reviewed seriously through special sanctions and the intensification of punishment. The development of biotechnology that has attracted the attention of scientists in recent decades, despite its benefits in the event of misuse, can cause harm to the environment, which has doubled the need for criminal protection.

Police, as the executive arm of courts, are required to carry out many tasks and activities. One of the most important activities of the police is the issue of juvenile delinquency prevention. The sensitivities in this age group require the special police specialization to address children and adolescents with such sciences as psychology and sociology. Also, since adolescence is a part of personality development period, police behavior as a criminal justice activist in dealing with adolescents in different stages is very important; therefore, this study is to examine its dimensions.

The present study was conducted u: ng descriptive method and library and documentary methods. Data were collected and analyzed accordingly.

Findings and Conclusion:

Police, as one of the enforcers of the criminal justice system, have many powers. Police behaviors with the defendants, especially juvenile offenders, can play a very important role in shaping their mentality towards the criminal justice system. If the police’s performance is met with criteria, then there can be objective evidence of all three levels of crime prevention. Meanwhile, police behavior with teenage defendants is of utmost importance. Proper police behavior with adolescents can play a decisive role in their criminal future. Police can eliminate the juvenile offenders, prevent their secondary being victims, and with a sensible approach, prevent them from repeating the crime. It is important to put in place preventive plans.

In the Islamic Penal Code of 2013, the legislator has provided penalties for “complementary Punishments”. It is important to identify the nature of these punishments for the possibility of applying these types of responses to punishments and retaliation, and the existence of rules such as “the prohibition of punishment over life” and “the determination of punishment in limiting crimes”. The reason is that in the event of the criminal nature of supplementary sentences, the legislator’s action to enforce these responses along with punitive and retaliatory acts is contrary to these rules. So the question of the present research is what is the nature of the complementary punishments? Are these punishments within the scope of criminal responses or should they be included in non-pay responses?

This research was conducted in a descriptive analytical method using library resources. Data was gathered and analyzed by referring to the real and virtual library. Thus, relying on the definition, the nature and characteristics of the limits, retaliation, and sanctity, while expressing a comprehensive and complete definition of punishments, the status of such actions in the criminal response and the classification of punishments, and considering the precautionary nature of the additional punishments.

Findings and conclusion:

Due to the specifics of the punishments, it is possible to say that additional punishments are among the types of non-punishment. The legislator’s intention to use the title of punishment for these actions, the general meaning of punishment, and to impose such acts as a form of criminal reprimand, Of their criminal or non-judicial nature, in order to deal with the commission of a crime. Therefore, it can be said that complementary punishment is actually a measure to prevent the commission of a crime, which applies to some criminals in relation to the offense of committing and punishing the perpetrator. Keywords

Addiction is the root of many social problems that have become social, psychological and health harms and put humanity at serious risk. Some concerns indicate that the age of addiction has fallen to 13, which means opening up the school of addiction. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify social prevention strategies for student addiction.

The present study is a descriptive-analytic study whose data were collected through library and field studies. The statistical population of the study included students, experts, judges, lawyers and, finally, teachers and parents of teachers, among whom 150 were selected randomly.

Based on the findings of the study, adolescents’ prevention strategies, promotion of basic skills such as lack of knowledge, risk management skills and promotion of general and specific knowledge are among the findings.