International Journal of Smart Electrical Engineering
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Summer 2015

Maximum power point tracking controller is essential to obtain the maximum power from a solar array in the photovoltaic systems as the PV power module varies with the temperature and solar irradiation. In this paper, several methods for the MPPT of the PV systems are discussed and it can to be used as a Helpful reference for the upcoming MPPT user in the PV applications.

This paper proposes a stochastic framework for demand response (DR) aggregator to procure DR from customers and sell it to purchasers in the wholesale electricity market. The aggregator assigns fixed DR contracts with customers based on three different load reduction strategies. In the presented problem the uncertainty of market price is considered and the risk of aggregator participation is managed in stochastic optimization problem with CVaR. The feasibility of this problem is studied on a case of Alberta electricity market.

With the development of restructured power systems and increase of prices in some hours of day and increase fuel price, demand response programs were noticed more by customers. demand response consists of a series of activities that governments or utilities design to change the amount or time of electric energy consumption, to achieve better social welfare or some times for maximizing the benefits of utilities or consumers. In this paper the effect of emergency demand response program on composite system reliability of a deregulated power system is evaluated using an economic load model, AC power-flow-based load curtailment cost function and reliability evaluation techniques. In this paper for calculation the reliability indexes, the Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) cost is considered and in each contingency state, the EDRP cost with the customer load curtailment cost is compared and the load appropriate value is selected for load shedding or participating in EDRP. In the next stage, the system and nodal reliability indexes are calculated. To investigate the impact of EDRP activity on composite reliability of restructured power systems the IEEE 6 bus Roy Billinton Test System is utilized. According to obtained results, EDRP using lead to increasing nodal and system reliability. It can be said that solving problems such as congestion in transmission lines, power system reliability decrease at load network peak hours, is impossible without customer interfering in power market. In other hand Consumer participation, makes the power markets more competition and enhance its performance.

The renewable energy sources and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are becoming very popular because of the combination of high fuel costs and concerns about emission issues. This paper presents modelling and control of a Building Integrated Fuel Cell and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (BIFC-PEV) in smart distribution systems. In BIFC-PEV system, conventional building elements could be replaced by special fuel cell and PEV for delivering power to the house. The interest in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has increased due to their impact on redistribution of the pollution from tail pipe to smog stuck, low-cost charging, and reduced petroleum usages. First, the overall configuration of the BIFC-PEV including dynamic models of fuel cell, battery and its power electronic interfacing are briefly described. Then, to distribute the power between power sources, the fuzzy power controller has been developed to stabilize the DC-link power. Simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness and capability of proposed control strategy during different operating conditions in utility grid.

Control of three phase inverters has been an important issue in recent years. This paper proposes active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) scheme for controlling three phase inverters. The main advantage of ADRC that motivated us for using this controller for inverter is that it is model independent.  This controller is used in a double loop structure including an inner current loop and outer voltage loop. A case study has been simulated in SIMULINK to demonstrate the advantages of ADRC in control of inverters over PI controller. Simulation results demonstrate that load changes have no impact on performance of this control method and it is not sensitive to any uncertainty in parameters of the inverter.

Shaded pole induction motors, despite the simplicity and low cost, are difficult to analyze particularly in the equivalent circuit methods, due to the asymmetric structure, saturation, harmonics, inaccurate estimation of leakage inductances and skew. Hence, 3D numerical methods could be very useful in the design and optimization stage. This paper presents the 3D transient finite element analysis (3DTFEM) of a 1/60HP, 2-pole prototyped, restructured shaded pole induction motor that has been designed and optimized using genetic algorithm technique. Experimental test has been carried out by a hysteresis brake dynamometer to determine the motor performance. Detailed comparisons among 2D, and 3D finite-element analysis, and experimental results are presented, which confirm the potentials of the new restructured shaded pole motor to achieve lower cost and higher efficiency objectives than the previous designs.

In this paper, two new cascaded inverters are proposed, by using the series connection of new Submultilevel inverters. Each of the proposed Submultilevel inverters consists of three batteries and eight power switches. Four algorithms are presented to determine the voltages of these batteries for each of the proposed structures. In this study the comparison between the proposed structures with conventional structures has been done. At first, the proposed algorithms of new structures are compared with each other and after that comparisons between proposed structures based on selected algorithms and the traditional structures are performed. This comparison shows that the proposed inverters can produce high number of output voltage levels due to determined number of power electronic switches. Also blocked voltage of the proposed structures is smaller than other compared structures which leads to reduce size and weight of the proposed inverters. Other advantages of these structures are reduction of voltage sources number, DC sources variety, the conduction losses and the number of power diodes. In order to demonstrate the correct operation of the proposed structures and applied algorithms, simulation results by using PSCAD/EMTDC software are shown.

This paper proposes a novel robust control scheme based on delay-dependent H∞for unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) in a microgrid under the influence of the delay and parameter uncertainties. A new UPQC model considering the effects of the delay and parameter uncertainties is established. Then, the H∞ controller is designed based on the cone complementarity linearization (CCL) algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is demonstrated by numerical simulations.