Archives of Razi Institute
Volume:52 Issue: 1, Winter 2001

Î II prell.:nt against reecnt virulent strains or in/ectious bursal disease virus (IBDY), a local isolaLe of the virus was propagated in bursal tissue, l(lfIllali/.ed and used I(lr vaccine production. An experimental vaccine adjll\anted hy oil ISA-70 was prepared and compared with a commercial IBDY-NDY inactivatcd vaccine. A single injection or the two vaccines proteeted chickens against mortality hut the oil adjuvanted bursal derived vaccine conli:rred a higher percent or bursal protection.

The primary and secondary antibody responses of Trypanosoma evansi infected gui ne a pigs, alliacking foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) antibodies. to an inactivated FMD vaccine containing 0" A-Mardabad and Asial virus strains was evaluated. In experiment 1. guinea pigs (group A) were infected and vaccinated against FMD simultaneously. In experiment 2, guinea pigs (group B) were infected then vaccinated on posttreatment day 7. Booster doses were injected 28 days after primary vaccination. Blood samples were obtained 21 days after primary vaccination and 15 days after the second in both experiments. Body weight gains were diminished significantly in experiment 2, whereas body weight gains of guinea pigs in ex periment 1 did not differ from that in control guinea pigs. Only in ex periment 2, the infected animais showed a significant suppression (P<O.05) of humoral immune response to FMD virus after primary vaccination but the antibody titers were not significantly depressed until after secondary vaccination. The results indicate that Tevansi can depressed the immunity against FMD virus in guinea pigs. The animais in ex periment 2 failed to achieve protective antibody titers of 1116 after a primary do es and secondary antibody responses of the sorne infected animais required more time to reach pick titers.

An out break of infectious laryngotracheitis (lLT) in a large tlock following vaccination against IL T is described. Laryngotrachcal samples were obtained from sorne of infected pullets. Isolation and characterization of agent virus were carried out on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonated specifie pathogen free (SPF). Several pocks on CAM were observed after live days of incubation. The isolated virus was neutralized by mono-specifie antiserum against vaccinal IL T virus. For evaluation of pathogenicity of the isolated virus twenty 8-week-old SPF chicks were eye drop inoculated with 103 and 104 EID;o% virus respectively and observed upto 7 days. Only two chickens in group 2 were shown moderate signs including conjunctivitis and swelling of lower eyelid. Histopathologic features in tracheal of both infected pullets and experimental SPF chicks were epithelial hyperplasia, multinuclear giant cells (syncytia) with eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies and infiltration of intlamatory cells, which was milder in latter. These findings indicate that the isolated virus was similar to vaccine strain. Our study suggests that under improper IL T vaccine administration and generally bad management practice conditions, the IL T may occur following vaccination.

Ornithohac/erium rhino/rachea/e (ORT) is a relatively rceently diseovered bacterium. which it is associated with respiratory diseases, Tracheal samplcs from carcasses of 100 roultry tlocks submitted to Razi Institute were examined for ORT isolation. Ali these tlocks were affected with respiratory disorders. Colonies of ORT were detected after 24h of incubation and identification of ORT isolates were carried out based on the biochemical and serologie al charaeteristics. Fitiy-nine isolates From broilers, broiler breeders, and layer Ilocks were idcntilied as ORT and analyzed for serotyping. The isolates were identified as serotype A. using standard • antisera againsl ORT anligens in rapid slide agglutination, agar gel precipitation and immunodot tests. The identification of the species was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole cell proteins. High similarity ofprotein profiles of the isolates was observed. These preliminary results establish that ORT serotype A is associated with outbreaks ofrespiratory diseases in commercial poultry.

 study was performed on 219 infants, III boys and 108 girls, who were completely healthy physically. Data corresponding to the samples including sex and birth weight were recorded and the tuberculin test was perfonned. The response was measured as the diameter of the local finnness after 48- 72h. The response to tuberculin test was positive in 110 (50.2) including 57 (51.8%) boys and 53 (48.2%) girls. Positive cutaneous responses were most commonly observed 77% among infants with birth weight of 4,000 grams, Negative cutaneous responses were most common observed in 45% of infants with less than 2,500g birth weight. Adenitis was observed in 29 (13,2%) infants, 14 girls and 15 boys, after injection. Regarding the high rates of negative tuberculin responses it is recommended to revaccinate those with negative tuberculin test or initially vaccinate them after gaining appropriate weight.

The comparative study between ELISA and agar gel diffusion (AGD) tests was conducted on lOS human samples obtained from 37 patients with surgically confirmed hydatidosis. 47 apparently healthy individuals, and 21 persans with other parasitic infections. Sheep hydatid fluid was dialyzed against PBS and concentrated by evaporation used as antigen. The erude antigen was used in ELISA and AGD for determining antibody production in sera taken from patients with hydatid and other parasitic infections. The sensitivity of 86.5% and 73 % were estimated for ELISA and AGD, respectively while the spccifieity of both tests was 92.6%. false negative was obscrvcd in 13.5% and 27% or eonfirmcd hydatidosis for ELISA and AGD rcspcctively.

Hyperimmune antisera from rabbits, which immunized with sporozoite antigens of E.acervu/ina and chickens that infected with homologous sporulated oocysts were used for invasion experiments in MDBK cell. Both hyperimmune antisera \\..:re able to decrcase significantly (P=O.002 for rabbit sera and P=O.004 lar chickcn sera) MDBK cell invasion by sporozoites of E. aeer\'lrlina. Comparison of the effects in various conditions (with and without pre-lreatl11ent) demonstrated that the percentage inhibition I(lr the rabbit antisera with pre-trcatl11cnt was higher than that without pretrealmenl (1'=0.05). (herall. the dcgrec or inhibition of sporozoite invasion varied betwcen the antisera and the rabbit anti-sporozoite sera in both conditions had a grcater degree of inhibition than the chicken homologous antisera (1'=0.003). Thesc observations are another proof of the l'flccti\'eness or serum aillibodies on spornzoites of Eimeria species and may suggcsl thal rabbils reCllgni/.e 1110re I..ey cpitopes of sporozoites than the natmal hos!.

A semi-purified laminated layer (LL) fraction of cyst wall of Echinococcus Kranulo.\u.\ was prepared by affinity chromatography. Aiso its antigenic reactivity evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SOS-PAGE). SOS-PAGE analysis of the LL fractions showed that the bands in the 50-55kOa region and the 25-31 kOa region were greatly reduced in semi-purified fraction in comparison with unpurified sample, which presumably reflected to removal of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains. An immunoblot data also confirms considerable reduction in the presence of IgG chains within the semipurified fraction. The current study indicated that the bands at 66, 55 and 27kOa were significant molecules for diagnosis of human cystic hydatidosis patients after purification of the crude sample.

Diabetic teratogenicity scems that to be related to embryonic oxidative stress and the extent of the embryonic damagc can apparently be reduced by antioxidants. In this study, 2-cell stage embryos of normal mice were cultured for 96 h with a high concentration of glucose (30 mM) in the absence or presence of 1 mM L-ascorbic acid (LAA). /n the end of culture. the morph%gy of emhryos was assesscd with the aid or invcrted phasecontrast microscope. and also ccii apoptosis was studies by TUNI':L (TdTmediated conjugated dupt nick end-Iabeling) technique. Result /Iigh glucosis alonc decreased the hlastosyst lùrlllation and increaseu the incidence of embryo rragillentation and ccII apoptosis. With LAA. the incidence of high glucosis inuuceu elllhryo rragillentation anu ccII apopto~is was decreased. on the contrary the inciuence or hlastocyst ICHlllal ion was increascd.