اندیشنامه ولایت
پیاپی 4 (پاییز و زمستان 1395)

Absolute guardianship is taken as supervising and administrating all social, political and religious affairs of all people in Muslim society. Faqih guardianship, therefore, with regard to its field of authority includes two branches of absolute guardianship and determined guardianship; the latter being restricted to hisbiyah affairs. The word absolute in some cases is put against its being limited to hisbiyah affairs and some kifayi religious obligations and in some other cases against its being limited to religious rules of primary and secondary levels both. The paper has studied the adjective of absolute in the expression and its meanings in the field with regard to Imam Khomeini`s view in an analytical and descriptive method. As concluded in the paper, as the word absoluteness in studying faqih guardianship is relative and restricted in descriptive title, applying it to hisbiyah affairs would not limit it contrary to religious rules that even the Prophet may not limit or change them on his will.

Legitimacy of political systems has always been the center of attention due to its importance and sensitivity. Many opinions and viewpoints, therefore, have been mentioned in relation to the legitimacy of the religious democracy. In this paper we aim to analyze fundamental factors of legitimacy in Ayatollah Khamenei’s viewpoint. The paper has been carried out in a descriptive-analytical method and is based mostly on the words and speeches given by the supreme leader. Studies show that from in his viewpoint, legitimacy has multiple pillars and factors. In fact, from Ayatollah Khamenei’s viewpoint, the government and the ruling body are required to have religious legitimacy as well as public acceptance. They also have to enforce their power in line with legal procedures and be efficient and successful in realizing their goals and objectives in order to provide total legitimacy for the entire government.

Fire at will is a military term which was used by the supreme leader in the cultural field and the officers of soft war were given orders to act accordingly based on their assessment during the time of soft war. The cultural fire at will command, was given based on rational and traditional foundations which strengthens its influence and solidity. Commanding good and forbidding evil, as great jihad, the principle of uprising and social responsibility are counted as its reasons and the nature of cultural work, the necessity of keeping the government, the principle of expediency and the process of creation of Islamic civilization could be counted as rational foundations of the command which prove its authenticity and permission.

Morality along with beliefs and Fiqh commands from an Islamic viewpoint is deemed as one of the three important pillars of Islamic teachings. It also guides us towards a final perfection and a healthy life. The Importance of morality and edification is apparent to everyone to the point where it’s counted as an important matter after belief in God and the Prophet from Islam’s viewpoint. From Ahl al-bayt’s perspective, morality is an identity-making matter and is not counted as an arbitrary thing. Not only it creates the human identity but it creates the identity of many facts in the world also. This means that part of human nature that strengthens other matters is morality. Whether it is excellence or impurity, it is counted as formative and real matters and the fate of this world and the other one depends on it. The importance and honor of morality is due to being considered as part of human’s rational self. This research uses a documentary-analytical method seeking for an explanation of the fact that how morality forms the genuine truth of human. In order to answer this question, we need to apply and analyze the shakele as the most important factor in analyzing morality. This research has proved that morality has formed excellence or impurity of human core and is deemed as human’s most important formative factor.

Unity between Islamic nations and their convergence as one of the most important issues has been dealt with by Islamic thinkers and is regarded as one of the main objectives and the milestone of the Iranian Islamic Revolution and its leader’s ideas. This research has intended to answers the question: What is the place of the concept of unity and convergence between Muslim nations in political views of Ayatollah Khamenei? This research, with a systematic analysis of his words based on the analytical method of operational discourse shows the discourse system of convergence and solidarity of Islamic nations in political views of Ayatollah Khamenei includes four important axes such as the whatness of Islamic unity, whyness and necessity of Muslim nation unity, how to realize unity and convergence of Islamic nation and the hurdles on the way.

Islamic awakening means elimination of negligence from the truth of the status quo and getting to know the possible horizons which leads to social movements that change the status quo. The supreme leader in the opening ceremony of the international convention of Islamic awakening in 2012, has given speeches which shrewdly mentioned the strength making components of Islamic awakening based on the holy Quran. In the present research the strength making components of Islamic awakening in the speeches of the supreme leader in the international convention of Islamic awakening are analyzed. The purpose of research is to extract Quranic verses regarding the strength making components of Islamic awakening. The result of the research is Quran’s frequent commendations on four important components including: preservation of Islamic principles meaning tammasok to Quran and traditions, independence, honor, anti-cruelty and supporting the weak, guidance of Islamic awakening by leaders which include Faqih Guardian as the head and on other levels intellectual and Jihadi figures and clerics, creation of civilization which requires system formation and law abidance and the support of people.