Journal of Contemporary Research on Islamic Revolution
Volume:3 Issue: 8, Spring 2021

The West Asian region's government structure, which is part of the Islamic world's civilization, faces significant governance challenges. Islamic countries do not adopt appropriate regional governance processes due to the essential differences between Islamic political thought and Western humanist political thought. Meanwhile, the geopolitical region of Southwest Asia and the countries bordering the Persian Gulf are no exception. The Arab military coalition influenced by geopolitical contexts in the region can be evaluated and analyzed regarding the three components of nationality and identity in Islam. A process controlled by the modern world's developments and is indifferent to the Islamic world history and the basic concepts of this religion. The results indicated that ideas in Islamic political thought and its religious teachings had provided ideal opportunities for producing and maintaining security; nevertheless, Western political ideas' influence on the Islamic world does not allow them to make such decisions. The security situation in the geopolitical region of Southwest Asia has deprived it of permanent stability and security.

The Nowruz speeches of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran are considered as drawing the lines of the country's one-year plans in line with long-term policies and macro-goals of the system. Therefore, paying attention to these statements and their scientific analysis to identify problems and provide practical solutions to overcome them, it seems necessary. The purpose of this article is to analyze the content of the speeches of the Iranian Supreme Leader,  Seyyed Ali Khamenei, between 2013- 2021 and to answer the main question of what axes and categories the Supreme Leader has focused and emphasized in his speeches at the beginning of each year. What are the problems and difficulties mentioned? The research method used is quantitative and qualitative content analysis. In this method, the basic axes hidden in the text, the relationship between the categories as well as the time conditions or in other words, the conceptual model of each lecture have been extracted. The research findings show that during the five years in question, the main focus of leadership discussions in the opening speech of each year was economic issues and the Supreme Leader has always emphasized the issue of economics and in particular the "Resistance Economy" approach. In addition to the resistance economy, Iranian supreme leader also stressed the main issue of Iran's foreign policy, namely Jcpoa, and the need for hostility, especially regarding how to interact with the United States and Europe.

Knowledge of the countries' backwardness causes, especially developing countries, was the subject of research and interest of many thinkers in the 70s and later. Cultural problems are the most important reasons for this backwardness with complex and ambiguous dimensions, which need more attention from Muslim thinkers. The study of Imam Khomeini's thoughts and views about Muslim countries' cultural problems regarding his intellectual, jurisprudential, and political position can better understand the contexts of these problems and their solutions. To find the answer, the authors used the theory of crisis of Thomas Spragens. According to Imam Khomeini, the results indicated that the cultural problems of the Muslim world are rooted in spiritual dependence and self-destruction against the West. The characteristics of an ideal society from Imam Khomeini are cultural independence, divine law authority, the transforming community to a divine-human being, freedom of thought, and pondering Islamic awareness and awakening. To achieve such a society, he seeks a solution to the unity of the Muslim world and the severance of cultural ties with the West.

The resistance issue brings to mind the "Islamic Resistance Front" in the West Asian region, while the Resistance Front is only part of the resistance discourse. Therefore, the present study aimed to the theoretical and empirical explanation of resistance as a discourse. Resistance in the Supreme Leader's political thought and action is a discourse rooted in the Qur'an, the history of Islam, Iran, and especially the first four decades of the Islamic Revolution. According to these religious, historical, and political principles, the discourse of resistance plays the leading role of the Islamic Revolution in the second phase of the Islamic Revolution. Furthermore, resistance is a pervasive discourse encompassing various Islamic Republic's domestic and foreign policy areas. To this aim, the roots, levels, and function of the resistance discourse are analyzed based on the Supreme Leader's statement and especially the upper hand document of the second phase of the Islamic Revolution with the descriptive-analytical method. This research data has been extracted from the first sources, including the Supreme Leader's statements and the latest sources.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran is the producer of a fundamentally different system from other systems in the world. While the Islamic Revolution has begun to move in the second phase, explaining the nature of the revolutionary government and studying its status in the current situation is necessary. To achieve this, we should focus on the intellectual thinking of the leadership as a guide for continuing this process. The purpose of the present study is to realize this critical question and answer the fundamental question of the nature of the revolutionary government and the situation it exists? And is it possible to preserve it? The results are obtained by qualitative content analysis method, focusing on the intellectual thinking of the Supreme Leader. The results indicated, with qualitative content analysis and concentrate on the leadership thought system, the nature of the revolutionary government is monotheistic and in historical and comparative approach has similarities with the community in the Prophet era at the beginning of the formation and continuation of the path. However, in the current situation, despite moving forward, it has been exposed to reactionary damage; to prevent the occurrence of restitution, it must protect its nature by educating a revolutionary man.

Researchers use various political science and international relations theories with modifications to analyze Hashemi's foreign policy in the period 1368-1376. Most writers believe Hashemi's foreign policy was realistic according to materialist and rationalist theories, and the power-ideology equation changed in favor of power during this period. Others, using liberal-capitalist approaches, argue that Hashemi's government tended to converge with international economic and financial institutions and organizations. However, the above research vacuum is ignoring the government and society identity components in this period and its impact on foreign policy. The identity of political actors has a decisive effect on their behavior in the international arena; therefore, the identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been an influential factor in the foreign policy of this country. With the descriptive-analytical method, the present study aimed to examine the effect of identity ideals on Hashemi's foreign policy. The hypothesis of this research is: Hashemi's policy-making and foreign policy orientation are influenced by the identity components of the domestic executive political elites and the dominance of the Westernist identity discourse over the international system after the collapse of the Soviet Union.