نشریه مطالعات حفاظت و امنیت انتظامی
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 58، بهار 1400)

Excellence is the management of organization through set of interconnected systems, processes, and realities. Transcendent organizations have an effective management system based on which the demands and expectations of all stakeholders are met. Given the scope of the mission of intelligence organizations and their role creating sustainable security that can affect all political, social and economic dimensions, these organizations themselves need to be promoted and excelled and need to update themselves all areas.

This research is of applied type and has been done by descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study included top and strategic managers of intelligence organizations and related experts of 185 people. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was 125 people. In this study, information was collected by library and survey method using an open-ended questionnaire. Accordingly, the questionnaire was compiled after conducting the necessary studies and based on the questions contained in the statistical research, using a five-point Likert method and distributed among employees. The questionnaire was extracted according to the analytical model.

According the indicators considered by the Supreme Leader in the excellence of intelligence organizations, it was found that his orders are based on both religious and scientific points and are extracted from the content of verses and hadiths, so it has the ability of models of Western theorists. Its main principle is in accordance with the religion of Islam and Iranian Islamic culture, so according to the research findings, among the four main components of the conceptual model excellence, the dimension of individual factors with 96.5%; The factors of science and technology with 91.7%; the factors of culture and organizational behavior with 91.1% and the structural factors with 90.4%, respectively, have had the highest to the lowest factor load and need to be considered twice

New threats, including hybrid threats, have challenged the core function of intelligence, which is to demystify threats. The unique characteristics of hybrid threats have led both government and non-government actors to use them for achieving their goals. Users of hybrid threats, on the one hand, use multiple tools simultaneously to increase their strategic impact, and on the other hand, target the whole society instead of the government to achieve their goals. The simultaneous and increasing use of various tools and changing the nature of threats has challenged the core function of intelligence. Therefore, the concern and issue of the authors for the present article is examining the challenges of hybrid threats and they are trying to take an important step towards this issue with the aim of providing a strategic pattern of intelligence security. Obviously, hybrid threats are a current issue in the country and special attention is needed at the level of the country's intelligence community. This research has been done by using the case and context method and the necessary information has been prepared in a library and field method and the collected data have been analyzed and categorized by the data-based method and finally, the desired pattern has been presented. New threats, including hybrid threats, have challenged the core function of intelligence, which is to demystify threats. The unique characteristics of hybrid threats have led both government and non-government actors to use them for achieving their goals. Users of hybrid threats, on the one hand, use multiple tools simultaneously to increase their strategic impact, and on the other hand, target the whole society instead of the government to achieve their goals. The simultaneous and increasing use of various tools and changing the nature of threats has challenged the core function of intelligence.

Establishing national security is a major task for every government system, so that the country's success in protecting the security is a good indication of integrity, authority and resident welfare of countries. In the field of national security, Comprehensive and impeccable laws are the most important tools for punishment and crime prevention against the security and tranquility. Reflecting upon Iran's Penal Code texts show that some cases are often hidden from view by ‎lawmakers.‎ using comparative study, this paper explores and examines the various aspects of the Islamic ‎Penal code Art. about some of the most important crimes against security, uncertainties in ‎Legislative elicitation‏ ‏and its level of criminalization comprehensiveness, and offers legal ‎strategies in this area‏.‏ Nowadays, the technical and economic strength is pulling power in every country, and criminalization practices of some crimes against the public interest in the laws of Iran generally differ from major Tends of Criminal Law in recent decades. As Economic, cultural and social security are among the new aspects of security, care should be exercised in formulation of regulations against security crimes such as espionage by law makers.

In order to determine the outcome and evaluate the effectiveness of training programs in the NAJA, it is necessary to evaluate its behavioral performance in order to correct possible deviations on the program objectives. The best way to perform an indigenous evaluation is measuring the changes have occurred in the behavioral indicators and psychological empowerment of employees after the training course. Accordingly, this study, with three questions and research hypotheses, sought to design and implement a process of evaluating behavioral effectiveness by identifying and formulating indicators of "behavioral effectiveness" and "psychological empowerment" based on Kirkpatrick and Spreitzer theory. In terms of purpose, this research is research and development type, and in terms of how to collect the data it is classified in exploratory mixed method designs. In addition, three research methods of systematic review of scientific resources, content analysis of semi-structured interviews and survey of three post-event attitude questionnaires were used in two statistical samples with 360 people in each of them. After determining the indicators and their cross-sectional survey in the statistical cluster, the results confirmed all research hypotheses and showed that from the point of view of employees and managers, FSTs had significant behavioral effectiveness in three components of knowledge behavior, attitude behavior and skill behavior. These trainings had a good effect on the psychological empowerment of employees, which also increase managers' satisfaction and organizational productivity.

In NAJA, protection of employees and prevention of crime by them is always considered and for this purpose, various protection measures are performed. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of four categories of protection measures in preventing crime by NAJA staff.

The type of research is applied and in terms of research method is descriptive research from the survey branch. The statistical population includes employees of the Mazandaran Disciplinary Command who have been protected during the past two years. The statistical sample of this study includes 54 people, who have been measured in full counting. The method of data collection in the present study is done by library (receipt writing tool), internet sites and questionnaire tools In terms of time, the present study was conducted in 1399 and the spatial scope of this research is Mazandaran Disciplinary Command, in which a questionnaire has been distributed. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire components using Cronbach's alpha method is 0.89, which is desirable and satisfactory.

The results and findings of the study showed that protective measures Such as awareness classes, staff guidance, Q&A sessions, safeguards and safety tips have an effect on the variable of preventing the occurrence of assault by employees and in ranking the effect of protective measures, there are warnings and protective advice and answer it has the first rank.