نشریه مدیریت کسب و کارهای بین المللی
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 14، تابستان 1400)

The purpose of this study is to find the factors affecting the localization of the automotive industry in Iran and its other purpose is to identify the process of localization of the Turkey’s automotive industry and to match the success factors of this country with the Iran’s conditions. This was done by library study and semi-constructed interviews with 12 experts in the automotive industries and Turkey at an excellent level, including government officials, managers of automakers and parts manufacturers, researchers in the field, and university professors. The interviews continued until the researchers felt that the data had been duplicated and saturated. Then, qualitative data analysis was performed using theme analysis, which resulted in 298 initial codes in the form of 47 secondary codes, which were classified in 6 groups of main concepts (main themes) according to experts. The results show that all the main concepts identified affect localization, among which socio-cultural factors are the underlying factors. After identifying the factors affecting the localization of the automotive industry and conducting an adaptive study between Iran and Turkey, the results indicate that Iran in general has a weakness in many of the main concepts mentioned. The failure of Iran in relation to Turkey in the localization of the automotive industry is the result of differences in factors such as: political, legal, economic, socio-cultural, the internal environment of the automotive industry, and infrastructure.

Digital marketing can be considered a modern approach, which has accompanied today's businesses with a technological revolution. On the other hand, the world of modern industry and technology needs minerals more and more every day. For this reason, the present study has evaluated the digital marketing strategies of mining companies in Bushehr province and also provided suggestions in this regard, in order to assess the current state of the digital marketing in this sector, to take steps to modernize the companies in the province. This descriptive-applied research has collected information in the field, using tools such as questionnaires and interviews, has analyzed the data quantitatively, and has adopted a correlation and survey strategy. The statistical population of the study is all 172 mining companies in the province, and by sampling based on the criteria of "activation" and "use of the digital marketing", 11 companies have been selected as a sample. Data analysis was performed with SPSS and Smart-PLS software. Findings show that the digital marketing strategy of the province's mining companies is not in a good condition, and companies in 4 dimensions of this strategy, namely "PLAN, REACH, ACT (CONVERT) and ENGAGE" did not receive a appropriate score. Therefore, the present study to improve this situation provides practical suggestions for the digital marketing of the mining companies in Bushehr province.

Achieving the goals of country's sustainable development provides a worthy place in the global economy for the country's economy. Also, it is possible to solve the current problems of the society and government through the implementation of the entrepreneurship development strategy. Nowadays, moving towards small and medium-sized businesses is not only an optimal and profitable action, but also in the current situation of the country, it is necessary to achieve sustainable development and it is considered as one of the goals of the 20-year document. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to design a model to enhance the capacity of cluster businesses in the country of Iran in order to increase its presence in international markets with a focus on the role of government. . The findings of this study showed that the roles of government in the development of business clusters are divided into three categories: regulatory, cognitive and normative. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the research findings. The results of the research indicate that policy makers, executives and in general, administrators of clusters, planners of government organizations and active entities in the field of cluster can take effective measures in this regard.

According to the role of export in the social and economic goals of the country and, the competition that exist in international markets, the crucial need to highly considering the active business in exporting is obvious. This type of businesses can overcome their major competitors during non-economic level by the innovation for their survival in the market. So, this study aims to investigate the influential factors on export innovativeness and its effect on export performance. Statistical Population of this study is exporting companies in the food industry. The data of this study were collected from 200 active companies, through an electronic survey. About 103 companies responded to the questions of the survey as a sample based on Cochran formula and using simple random sampling. An electronic survey included 47 questions used to gather the data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and SEM-PLS approach. The results show that Decentralization factors with 2.597, Export Market orientation with 3.228, Information exchange with 4.310 and competitiveness with 2.877 coefficients have positive and significant effect on export innovativeness; while Formalization with 0.313 and market dynamic with 0.896 coefficients have no positive and significant effect on export innovativeness. Also, the results indicate the mediating role of export innovativeness with 13.025 coefficient in the effect of Decentralization, Export Market orientation, Information exchange and competitiveness on export performance.

One of the negative behavioral emotions of customers is buyer’s remorse, which is affected by the procedure of buying, anomalies after buying, product use, and goods being put away. Buyer’s remorse as a negative experience significantly affects the customer’s behavioral intention, satisfaction, and identity. So far, there have been not many studies done regarding buyer’s remorse definition. Therefore this study aims for the impact of buyer’s remorse on customer’s behavioral intention considering mediating role of customer satisfaction and moderating role of customer-brand identification. The present study in terms of purpose is categorized as applied research, and in terms of data collection, it is considered a descriptive survey and a correlational type. The statistical population of this study includes all customers of Iranian and Chinese cars in Mashhad, which consists of 399 individuals selected by Non-random Available sampling according to Morgan’s table for sample size. Data collection tool was a localized questionnaire with reference to Davvetas and Diamantopoulos study (2017). Investigation of study theories is done in the form of structural equation modeling with the aid of Amos 23, which results in a negative and significant impact of buyer’s remorse on behavioral intention and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer satisfaction affects behavioral intention as well. Customer satisfaction does not mediate the effect of buyer’s remorse on behavioral intention, but customer-brand identification moderates the impact of buyer’s remorse and customer satisfaction on behavioral intention of Iranian and Chinese car brands customers.

Last four decades, the dangers of differences in the company's internal affairs and the political, economic and legal crises that have led to conflict have been seen as a threat to the operation of international trade companies. Because these are unpredictable and sudden, risk management before the start of any partnership, such as the insert of exit clause or restrictive clauses in the transfer of share is used as a comprehensive process by foreign investors. Since uncertainty and risk are an integral part of for Joint Venture Companies, Our goal from writing this article is awareness of this risk playing an important role in drafting contracts in a way that is responsive to problems during the life of the company. Therefore, in this article, we attempt to examine all the risks arising from the internal affairs of the company and the relations between partners and foreigners that are related to events outside the company, such as the economic, political and cultural situation of the host country.

The present study was a qualitative research that analyzed and assessed the mentality of managers in order to make smartstart-upsbusinessesinthepost-coronaera, using the Q approach. In this study, in-depth interview has been used as the main tool of data collection, the validity of which has been confirmed using the content validity ratio approach and its reliability has been confirmed using the Cohen's method. In addition, purposive sampling has been used to select the sample, which is unlikely. In the present study, using 21 interviews, the discourse space was obtained and using their opinions, samples and options of Q and then the collection of Q were obtained. The results of the research include identifying the factor that constitutes the mentality of managers in order to make start-ups smart in this regard. The results show that the acquisition of comprehensive knowledge, the use of electronic systems, high flexibility, automation of activities, scalability, information-based decision making and continuous and effective learning are the seven mindsets of managers in order to make start-ups smart. Also, research proposals have been presented in two areas of application and research for a more practical and applied action in the field of smartening and start-up businesses.