فصلنامه روان شناسی بالینی
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 50، تابستان 1400)

Pandemics are the most well-known to cause mental distress. This study examines the psychological characteristics of Iranian patients undergoing bariatric surgery during the COVID‑19 pandemic and lockdown.

Patients were consecutively recruited during the quarantine among those waiting for bariatric surgery or attending a post-bariatric follow-up phase and were asked to complete the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scales-21 and a self-assessment questionnaire of 22 items assessing the resilience, change in eating behavior, and emotional responses referring to the current epidemic.

59% of the 434 recruited participants reported of being worried about the epidemic, and 63% particularly reported of being worried about their or their relatives’ health. 37% and 56% felt lonelier and more bored, respectively. 66% was hungrier with an increased frequency of snacking (55%) and 39% reported more impulse to eat. Remarkably, 49% felt unable to follow a recommended diet. Logistic regression analysis on post-bariatric patients revealed an association between snacking, hunger, eating impulsivity, and anxiety, stress, and/or depression symptoms.

Epidemics led to incremented psychological distress in patients with a history of current or past obesity, decreased quality of life, and impacting dietary compliance. Targeted psychological support is warranted in times of increased stress for susceptible participants such as pre-and post-bariatric patients.

Disease COVID-19 in addition to physical health, mental health is threatened. The purpose of this study and sleep quality in predicting corona anxiety with regard to the moderating role of gender.

The research methodology was descriptive correlational. The statistical population included all people aged 18 to 50 years who participated in the study online. People who completed the questionnaire online were selected for sampling. The research instruments included the Petersburg Quality of Sleep Questionnaire and Corona Anxiety Questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that with the onset of the corona epidemic, and the quality of sleep and its components can predict corona anxiety. Analysis of the effects of gender modulation also showed that the components of sleep quality and sleep quality index can predict corona anxiety in men and women. The quality of sleep in both sexes decreased significantly, the predictor coefficient was higher in men.

Since the prevalence of anxiety due to COVID-19 can affect the quality of sleep, it seems necessary to provide education to people in the community, especially those who are more prone to experience severe coronary anxiety. To be able to control their anxiety.

The whole world has been affected by Corona virus Since the Covid-19 epidemic. In addition to the economic and social consequences of this disease, recognizing and influencing the psychopathology of this disease in society is important and necessary. The purpose of this study was to draw a scientific map or intellectual structure of the subject area of Covid-19 and psychopathology in Web of Science databases (formerly known as ISI) during the years 2019 to 2021. Other objectives have been to examine the growth trend, the most important countries, authors, universities, journals, terms used, and psychopathology.

This research has been done using scientometric methods and with the help of co-word analysis technique using VOSviewer software.

A review of the extracted data showed that during the period 2019 to 2021, 3690 scientific documents in the field of Covid-19 and psychopathology were indexed on the Web of Science database. The results of this study showed that the scientific map of the corona area and its psychopathology consists of 4 main thematic clusters of the effect of Covid-19 on stress, anxiety, depression and mental health. Wang, Zhang, and Griffith were among the most important and prolific authors in this area. Most of the documents were published in FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY and INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, and the most productive country and university in this field was United States and HUAZHONG UNIV SCI TECHNOL from China.

Cognitive-behavioral interventions are known as first-line treatments for anxiety disorders. However, complexities such as quarantine have made it difficult to provide face-to-face intervention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of video-based cognitive-behavioral intervention on health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity of individuals with high levels of COVID-19 anxiety.

The present study was semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with the control group. According to the principles of diagnosis of health anxiety in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition and COVID-19 Anxiety Questionnaire, 138 participants with high levels of COVID-19 anxiety were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (n = 69) and control (n = 69). The experimental group received 10-session video-based cognitive-behavioral intervention compared to the control group. The research instruments included the COVID-19 Anxiety Questionnaire, the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index. At the end, the data were analyzed by using statistical method of MANCOVA.

The results of this study showed that cognitive-behavioral intervention led to a reduction in health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity of experimental group participants (p < 0.001). In the meantime, the present intervention has been more effective for the components of health anxiety.

Due to the widespread public anxiety about COVID-19 as well as the complexities of face-to-face cognitive-behavioral therapy, the use of video-based cognitive-behavioral intervention can be an immediate, concise, and inexpensive way to improve mental health of the community.

Following the outbreak of COVID-19, people started to exercise quarantine. With all the psychological, economic, and social implications of the quarantine at home, an interesting topic has been the differences in the way different individuals have encountered these implications.

In the study, a psychodynamic approach was followed to investigate this topic using a qualitative methodology based on the content analysis. The data was collected through a total of 10 semi-structured interviews with individuals who have exercised a 3-month quarantine. Samples were taken via purposive sampling in Tehran, with the sampling process started in 2020 and continued until data saturation was achieved. Simultaneously with data collection, data analysis was performed via qualitative content analysis.

Based on the analysis results, five principal classes were extracted, which represented the experiences and feelings about and the type of encountering the then-new conditions. These included the fear and anxiety, different approaches to the outbreak of the disease, improvement of the health level, taking attitude toward the patients, and growth under pressure.

Considering the emergence of negative psychological feelings, the research tends to provide psychologists and other practitioners in the field of the psychology with valuable information that can be used for prevention and treatment purposes.

COVID-19 has led to high prevalence of anxiety in population. this disease can cause anxiety in caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on anxiety symptoms of caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in outbreak of COVID-19.

The research method was quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of all Caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in Razan city (n=88). Beck Anxiety Inventory was used to collect data. In this study, 26 mothers with severe symptoms of anxiety were randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. The emotion regulation was trained for experimental group in 8 sessions, and the control group did not receive any training during the sessions. Analysis of covariance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that 72.72% of caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities had moderate to severe anxiety and 60.22% had severe anxiety. Results of analysis of covariance with repeated measures showed that the emotion regulation training was effective in reducing anxiety in caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in outbreak of COVID-19 (p <0.05).

According to the results, the emotion regulation training to reduce anxiety of caregiver mothers of children with severe and profound mental disabilities is recommended.

According to the role of Psychological factors in adaptive behaviors, the purpose of this research is prediction of adults adaptive behaviors according to the role of positive and negative affects, self compassion and psychological vulnerability.

This research performed descriptive and by correlation design. The participants was 284 adults who lived in Rasht city and they have chosen available and they completed the Clark et al adaptive behaviors against COVID-19 questionnaire, Watson et al Positive and negative affect scales (PANAS), Neff et al Self-Compassion Scale (short-form) and Dura et al Brief Symptoms Inventory 18.

The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that self compassion, positive affect, negative affect and psychological vulnerability specify 31/1 percent of adaptive behaviors against COVID-19 variance among adults.

Findings of this study indicate the important role of affects, self-compassion and psychological vulnerability in predicting the use of adaptive behaviors against COVID-19 in adults. It is recommended that training programs be designed and implemented with the aim of increasing self-compassion and positive affects and reducing the psychological vulnerability and negative affects of adults to make people resilient in the current situation.

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses and a subset of Coronaviridae that range from the common cold virus to more serious diseases such as SARS, Morse, and COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and worry in the relationship between resilience and anxiety of being infected by COVID-19.

The research method was descriptive correlational type and the statistical population of the present study included all residents of Karaj city in the spring of 2020, among which 360 people were selected by online available sampling method. Research tools include Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003); Penn State Worry Questionnaire Meyer et al., (1990); Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al., (2001) and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale by Alipour et al., (2020). Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data.

The results of the present study showed that the direct relationship between resilience with positive (β=0.278, P=0.010) and negative (β=-0.232, P=0.010) cognitive emotion regulation strategies and worry (β=-0.451, P=0.015) were significant. The direct relationship between resilience (β=-0.390, P=0.040), positive (β=-0.270, P=0.006) and negative (β=0.200, P=0.003) cognitive emotion regulation strategies and worry (β=0.226, P=0.006) with anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 were significant. The indirect relationship between resilience (β=-0.178, P=0.007) with anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 was significant

People who are less resilient are more likely to worry about developing the virus and develop negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies that increase the risk of developing anxiety about covidase-19.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and social anxiety with psychological cohesion in pandemic crises, with emphasis on covid 19 patients discharged from Sabzevar Vasei Hospital

The present study is a descriptive correlational study and its statistical population is all 4500 patients with covid 19 patients discharged from Sabzevar Vasei Hospital in 2020. The statistical sample consists of 351 people who have been selected as a statistical sample based on the Morgan table and random sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Cohen et al(PSS) Perceived Stress Scale, Leibovitz Social Anxiety Scale(LSAS) and Flensberg et al(SCQ). Mental Cohesion Scale questionnaires.

In order to analyze the data, correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used by stepwise method. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived stress and social anxiety and its components with the feeling of psychological cohesion in a negative direction and among the components of social anxiety, the share of social status anxiety is higher. (p = 0.001).

In general, it can be concluded that the feeling of psychological cohesion in patients recovering from coronary artery can be a negative predictor of perceived stress and social anxiety and have a preventive role, and individual and group psychological measures on mental cohesion can reduce perceived stress and social anxiety. Individuals lead and contribute to collective mental health

The prevalence of Covid 19 disease in all countries of the world has endangered the psychological and physical health of individuals. This situation due to mysterious, uncontrollable, unpredictable, and rapidly spreading nature, it has spread to psychological problems in the mental health dimension of individuals. Provided. The purpose of this study was to Analysis of people's lived experiences of CoronaVirus epidemic on the mental health.

This research was applied in terms of purpose and phenomenological in terms of qualitative methodology. Thirty-one people who did not have Covid 19 disease were selected as the sample by purposive sampling method until the theoretical saturation of information. The data obtained from the research were collected using semi-structured interviews and after implementation, content analysis method was used to analyze this information.

The findings of the interviews were extracted and categorized into 7 main themes (psychological disaster, stress, anxiety, depressed mood, irritable mood, obsession, conflict) and 27 sub-themes.

The results of this study showed that the prevalence of Covid 19 disease strongly affects all aspects of mental health and its serious effects on various aspects of personal, family, social, economic, occupational and cultural life are evident.

the purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the relationship between Coronavirus anxiety and health anxiety.

the research method of this study was descriptive-correlation type and path analysis. The statistical population of this study included Iranian adults, from which 598 people were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected using the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI-18), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) and the Gratz and Roemer Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and path analysis using SPSS and AMOS software.

The results showed well goodness of fit to the proposed model. In this model, coronavirus anxiety had a direct and significant effect on the emotion regulation difficulty, Coronavirus anxiety and emotion regulation difficulty had a direct and significant effect on health anxiety; and emotion regulation difficulty also mediated significantly between coronavirus anxiety and health anxiety.

Coronavirus anxiety and emotion regulation difficulty have a direct and significant effect on health anxiety and also emotion regulation difficulty has a mediating role between coronavirus anxiety and health anxiety.

Mental health of individuals. especially children, is one of the important priorities of any society; Therefore, identifying and examining the factors affecting it is very important. The present article examines the psychological effects of coronavirus and subsequent quarantine on this important and vulnerable group.

Using a case study method, four sixth-graders who had been under house quarantine for two months were studied and in order to better understand the psychological problems of children, a combination of drawing tests, including Tree Drawing Test (TDT), Draw A Person test (DAP) and animal drawing test were used to collect data.

The results of the analysis and interpretation of the drawings indicate the existence of anxiety and fear, low vitality, aggression and hostility, lack of and search for a sense of security, and inhibition, inefficiency, doubt and passivity. Depressive symptoms were not significantly present in the drawings.

The results showed that the coronavirus and quarantine caused anxiety, insecurity and decreased vitality more than depressing children. Therefore, it’s necessary to resolve the child's feelings of insecurity, anxiety and doubt through various methods such as providing appropriate information about this disease, and to learn ways to deal with it effectively. Further research with a larger sample is needed to validate these findings. Keywords: Coronavirus, Mental health, Home quarantine, Children, Drawing tests

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of corona coping styles and perceived stress in the relationship between social support and aggression in adolescents.

The present study is a correlation of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all high school students in Tehran who were studying in the first semester of the academic year 1399-1400. The sample size consisted of 352 people by voluntary sampling method and questionnaires of Corona coping style, social support, adolescent aggression scale and perceived stress scale were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation analysis using AMOS and SPSS software.

The effect of social support on aggression with beta coefficients of -/26 is significant. The effect of perceived stress on aggression is significant with a beta of /30. The effect of coping styles on aggression with a beta coefficient of /22 is significant. The indirect effect of social support on aggression is significant due to coronary coping styles and perceived stress with a beta coefficient of -/17.

Social support, coronation coping styles and perceived stress have a direct and significant effect on aggression. Corona coping styles and perceived stress mediate the relationship between social support and aggression.

The aim of current study was to describe and compare the lived experience of adolescents (12-18 years old) from Covid-19 and quarantine during the first and second peak of the pandemic.

The descriptive phenomenological qualitative approach was used as research method. 12 participants were selected with purposive sampling and they were interviewed in depth at two stages and during two peaks of coronavirus infection in Iran. The information was saturated after 10 interviews, but the interview was continued to 12 to ensure and data were analyzed by using Colaizzi’s method.

The results of the analysis of the interviews were identified to 7 main clusters and 11 sub-clusters which were common in both peaks. Also, two main clusters and one sub-cluster were added to others in second peak. The common main clusters were labeled as: exposure to Corona, experienced concerns, beliefs about the corona, changes in family relationships, quarantine effects, coping strategies in dealing with the corona and defense mechanisms. Two additional categories in the second peak were beliefs about E-learning and experience of one of relatives’ infection.

Results showed that adolescents in the face of epidemic crisis persistently follow their previous lifestyle and their coping strategies cause them to make little effort to create a new lifestyle in accordance with the conditions of the crisis. Therefore it is necessary to consider psychological and counseling interventions for adolescents during the Corona pandemic.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of positive cognitive therapy in reducing mood swings in women with Covid-19 experience.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study (experimental group and control group with pre-test and post-test). The statistical population of this study is all women aged 25-45 years who were infected with Covid virus between October and January 2020. Patients were referred to the 5th of Azar clinic in Semnan. Among them, 30 people were selected by voluntary sampling and randomly assign into two groups of experimental and control. The two groups answered the  Demoralization scale  (DS) in two stages of pre-test and post-test, and the experimental group received positive cognitive therapy training between the two stages.

Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis showed that the positive cognitive therapy intervention significantly reduced the components of meaninglessness, despair, boredom, helplessness and failure and the total score of low mood in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Positive cognitive therapy reduced the symptoms of depression in women with Covid-19 virus, so the use of this method can be effective in reducing some of the psychological problems of these patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of demographic factors affecting covid-19 anxiety and self-care behaviors in the prevention of COVID-19virus in students

he method of the present study was applied-cross-sectional and the statistical population was the students of Arak universities.The sample consisted of215 students who were selected by snowball sampling and available online and using virtual social networks, and completed Alipour, Ghadami, Alipour and Abdollahzadeh Corona disease Anxiet questionnaire(1398), Corona related self-care questionnaire (1399) and demographic information questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using independent group t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, LSD post hoc test and simple regression in SPSS-25 software.

Mean coronary anxiety was low in students and self-care behaviors were moderate. The results of independent t-test showed that anxiety due to the prevalence of 19-COVID in women is higher than men and self-care (p>0.05).The results of one-way analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test showed that anxiety due to theprevalence of 19-COVID is lower in technical and engineering students thanin humanities students and Students whose parents have a bachelor's degree are less anxious than students whose parents have a bachelor's degree . Self-care behaviors in public university students are morethan non-public university students (P <0.05). Regression coefficients showed that coronary anxiety and its psychological and physical symptoms could explain 0.091 variance of students' self-care behaviors during 19-COVID outbreak.

Based on the results of the present study, psychological interventions are recommended to increase students' self-care behaviors, reduce coronary anxiety in female students and humanities students.

The aim of this study was to predict corona disease anxiety based on difficulies in difficulties in emotion regulation and schema mode.

The design of the present research was correlational.The statistical population of the study included all students in Mashhad who were members of virtual social networks. Among the community, 238 volunteered to answer the questionnaires. For data collection the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), the Graz and Roemer difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS), the Schema Mode Questionnaire (SMQ) was used, and data was analysed by Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis

The results of this research indicate that the combination of difficulties in emotion regulation and schema mode components predicit corona disease anxiety. The components of impulse control and emotional uncertainty from the subscales of difficulties in emotion regulation were significantly associated with corona disease anxiety.

In sum, according to the findings of the present study, it is possible to make effective interventions in emotion regulation and schema mode for prevention of coron disease anxiety.

The global prevalence of coronation and the implementation of restrictions have caused a great deal of fear and anxiety in people in society, which in turn has caused psychological problems. The aim of this study was to determine the role of psychological flexibility and difficulty in emotion regulating in predicting corona fear among residents of Kermanshah.

The method of this study was descriptive-correlational. The research population was residents of Kermanshah in 1399, of which 317 people participated online through virtual networks. Corona Anxiety Scale (CAS), Acceptance, and Practice Version (AAQ-II) , and Difficulty Emotion Regulation (DERS) were used to collect data.

The results showed that fear of corona was negatively related to psychological resilience (r = -0/401) and positively related to difficulty in emotion regulation (r = 0/397). The results of regression analysis also showed that psychological flexibility (experiential avoidance) and difficulty in emotion regulation were able to explain %18/6 of the changes in coronary fear.

Due to the fear of coronation among individuals, programs and interventions can be implemented online or offline through workshops to increase psychological flexibility, acceptance of individuals, and improve emotion regulation strategies.

The aim of this study was to develop a hope therapy program based on Islamic teachings and the achievements of classical psychology for dealing with corona epidemic.

The method of this research was text-based and content analysis. For this purpose, content related to the theory of hope in psychology and Islamic teachings were collected and content analyzed. Based on the results of content analysis, the structure of hope included seven components of recognizing life purpose and tendency to it, goal setting skills, motivation and self-motivation skills, trust, planning and routing, effort and perseverance, and coping skills. Then, a hope therapy package with an Islamic approach was designed to deal with corona epidemic.

The findings of the present study showed that the hope therapy program with an Islamic approach for dealing with coronary heart disease includes eight sessions, ninety minutes, which includes 1) establishing a therapeutic relationship and presenting the goals and logic of treatment, 2) familiarity with the purpose and meaning Living in Islam and strengthening the tendency towards it and its role in hope 3) Teaching the skill of goal setting in line with the main purpose of life and setting meaningful, clear, logical goals, 4) Explaining its motivation and importance, strengthening one's self-awareness of one's motivations, 5) Spiritual motivation skills are 6) planning and choosing the right path, strengthening creativity, planning skills, 7) coping skills, flexibility skills, 8) strengthening the remembrance of God and trusting in Him and concluding.

hope therapy program with Islamic approach has positive spiritual and psychological dimensions. Islamic hope therapy with a focus on the meaning and purpose of life, creates a significant spiritual motivation in the person and reduces vulnerability to depression. It also reduces anxiety by strengthening trust. It is suggested that an Islamic therapy package with an Islamic approach be presented in webinars in different groups.