نشریه پژوهش های جامعه شناسی معاصر
سال دهم شماره 18 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

Todays, international migration and movements of populations for achieving better living conditions are increasing. Emigration from Iran, though long overdue, has not only increased in recent years, but also a significant proportion of the population is willing to migrating and seeking to move abroad. Thus, the aim of this article is to measure Iranians' tendency to emigrate from the country and its influencing factors using a secondary analysis of micro‐data form the National Survey of Social Capital with a sample size of 14200 people living in urban and rural areas of Iran. The results showed that those who are eager to emigrate from Iran are mostly men, single, youth, higher education, with low social satisfaction, middle and upper class, and residing in large cities. Therefore, the majority of people with migration aspiration are higher educated and skilled people. In conclusion, migration aspiration has made among the minds of the new young generations. Therefore, it’s expected to increase the international migration from Iran.

The family is the most fundamental social institution that transmits values ​​to the new generation. These values ​​play an essential role in the development of individuals. Today, along with the changes that have occurred in various areas of society, the area of the family and its values ​​have also changed, so the present study seeks alternative futures for the family. Actually, this paper focuses on futurology and scenario planning on the future of family values ​​in Iran using cross-sectional analysis and CIB. The results of the research are related to the year 2019 and the future horizon is the year 2039. In the first stage, 17 experts in the field of social sciences were given a questionnaire. In the second and third stages, panels of 10 experts were formed. Scores were inserted into the cross-sectional matrix to measure the effectiveness and effectiveness of each factor. Double-digit variables were analyzed in MicMac software as scenario software input and 4 compatible scenarios were obtained. The most desirable scenario is scenario number 1, which emphasizes the ideal situation of the family and increases its power in freedom of action and new laws. The most unfavorable scenario is scenario number 4, which reduces the power of the family to the point of collapse and this collapse occurs in a society that faces all kinds of limitations in different areas.

The urban resilience aims at obtaining sustainable cities and it is a tool for coping with inherently unpredictable events to provide better urban services. The purpose of this study was investigating the resilience status of yazd city in social, economical, environmental and, physical dimensions. The general method of this study is qualitative. The data were obtained through in-depth unstructured interviews and the data analysis method is Thematic analysis. Findings indicate that Yazd has its strengths and weaknesses in terms of urban resilience (social, economic, environmental and physical). The religiousness and strong sense of belonging and High intra-group social capital in Yazd can be regarded as important strengths in social resilience of Yazd. In the aspect of economic resilience, entrepreneurial spirit and high economic ethics are considered as positive points. Findings indicate that lack of residential and urban structures quality buildings, improperly locating urban areas and inappropriate horizontal growth have kept the physical resilience at a relatively poor level. High biodiversity is the advantage and lack of assessment of the ecological potential is a disadvantage from environmental resilience point of view

The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of high suicide rate in some provinces of Iran. In fact, the present article, using the "province" analysis unit, has used Boolean algebra to answer the question: what combinations of causal factors have led to the high suicide rate in some provinces of Iran? To determine these causal factors, by reviewing the literature in sociology, four causal factors were selected to explain this issue: birth rate, industrialization rate, urbanization rate, and female labor force participation rate.The results of Boolean analysis showed that high birth rates and low tuition fees were necessary for the occurrence of high suicide rates in the provinces of Iran; That is, all provinces with high suicide rates had high birth rates and low tuition fees. The findings of Boolean analysis also showed that when these two explanatory factors of the necessary cause are combined with one of the two factors of low rate of industrialization or high rate of female labor force participation, they will be sufficient cause for high suicide rate in Iranian provinces. In other words, Boolean analysis showed that two different causal patterns have led to high suicide rates in the provinces of Iran. First, a combination of high birth rates with low rates of industrialization and urbanization. Second, a combination of high birth rates with low urbanization rates and high female labor force participation rates.

Although governments are primarily responsible for major crises and epidemics, they need the humanitarian and humanitarian assistance of their citizens or international groups. One of the groups active in the COVID-19 outbreak was the participation of student groups in humanitarian activities. The purpose of this study is to discover and analyze their perception and experience of promoting such actions in crises. The study is a qualitative study based on the framework analysis with 27 participants who are the leaders of student groups and activists in the first and second waves of the corona in the city of Yazd. Data were collected through 26 semi-structured interviews. In total, 40 concepts, 12 categories and 4 main themes were explored. The results of the research showed that the practical suggestions of the participants are to push the crisis policies towards a kind of neutrality. Four final themes emerged: neutrality, selective-scientific institutionalization, dialogue and tolerance, sociability, altruism, and responsibility. Framework model showed that there is a divergence withween culture and politics spheres in this crisis. As a result, it can be said that the country's policymakers should make more use of the capacity of student groups in crises, while their main approach is to free crisis intervention from political views. Also, culturally, society needs to promote public culture in order to be more responsible and a culture of dialogue and tolerance, especially in crises. Student groups also need crisis-specific institutionalization that has an organizational and scientific character.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the social factors affecting social vitality, mental health and life satisfaction of high school students in Semnan province. This research is applied in terms of purpose and was implemented qualitatively. Eleven specialists and experts in three educational, research and executive departments in the field of research subject were subjected to in-depth semi-structured interviews by purposive sampling and non-probability method. Data analysis was performed using three stages of open, axial and selective coding and were organized in the form of 231 primary codes, 43 concepts and 17 categories. The results showed that environmental, organizational and motivating factors, as causal conditions; Categories of cultural bedding, bedding of facilities and infrastructure, and factors affecting happiness as background conditions; Individual, family, school and community challenges as intervening conditions; Educational, motivational and social learning categories as a strategy; And tangible physical, mental, behavioral, and quality of life outcomes were identified as model outcomes. It can be stated that creating social vitality, mental health and life satisfaction among school students in Semnan province is a deep and fundamental issue and requires the proper functioning of various fields and institutions. Suggestions and superficial measures have a great effect on strengthening these variables, but they do not have a lasting and significant effect in this regard. Therefore, this issue requires strategic and long-term plans that all factors work together to achieve social vitality, mental health and satisfaction with sustainable life.

The present study is review of effect one ofe the most key of social sciences concepts as social capital on meaningful life within employee of fajr petrochemical company in 1399. With due attention to statistical society of this study that were 574 number through Cochran formula 230 nuumber with classification sampling method as statistical sampling was selected. Data of this study through written questionnaire (195 number) and electronic questionnaire (35 number) was selected. Theorical frame of study was used from theories of victor frankl, Irvin yalom, john cottingham, and for explainaton some meaningful relations within variables from structural gap theory, pierre Bourdieu and Putnam was used. For analyzeing of information through T-test, variance analyze, correlation and multivariable regression and with SPSS software (version 24) was done. Result of this study showed that three components of inner group of social capital with meaningful life have significant correlation and intensity of this correlation consequently is middle, weak and weak. Two components extra group of social capital with meaningful life didn’t observe any significant correlation. Analyzes of multivariable regression with step by step and backward methods was display that weigh of variable of participation and social cooperation, various links and various life style is negligible and from regression is omitted. Finally in total 12 percent of variance of dependent variable with 2 variable social trust and attachment and empathy are explained.

This paper focuses on the patterns and determinants of the urban-rural convergence associated with demographic attitudes. The key research question lies in the fact that, on the one hand, the contemporary world has witnessed substantial changes in the individuals’ orientations towards the values of society and family. On the other hand, the expectacular achievements in communications and media technologies have created the emerging phenomenon of the ‘world society’ and ‘global village’ so that such changes in the individuals’ orientations towards the values of society and family have been widespread throughout the world. Does this apply to the urban and rural places, leading to the convergence between rural and urban residents in terms of demographic attitudes?The results of this study have supported the bottomline conclusion that in accordance with the globalizition process arising from revolutionary achievements in communications and media technologies, both urban and rural areas are experiencing substantial changes in individuals’ orientations and attitudes towards the values of society and family. This suggests that the rural and urban residents’ demographic attitudes tend to become increasingly more convergent. Furthermore, the results of this study confirm that the role of such main determinants as age and education needs to be taken into account in order to shed further lights on the urban-rural convergence associated with demographic attitudes.

The primary goal of this paper is the qualitative analysis of two educated generations’ perceptions of kermanshah’s people about their identity. The conceptual framework of the research is referd to the theories of some classical and contemporary sociologists and social psychologists such as Jorge Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Anthony Giddens and Stuart Hall about identity. The research is quantitative one and based on purposeful and theoretical sampling methods, 15 professors and MA students of the faculty of social sciences in Razi University are selected as a sample. The criterion for determining the sample size was theoretical saturation. The datas are collected via open-ended questionnaire and in-depth individual interview tools und analyzed by the technique of thematic AnalysisThe results indicated that from the perspective of tow educated generations the identity of Kermanshah’s people is composed of two elements, namely individual and collective identities. As for the individual identity, there are common perceptions in terms of concepts like hospitality, cheerfulness, wholeheartedness, prodigality, luxuriousness and messiness in doying tasks and perceptional differences in concepts like heroism, sense of belonging to home, aggressiveness, laziness and self-indulgence.In regard of the collective identity, the two generations’ perception is that the people of Kermanshah can be recognized with such common collective properties as cultural diversity, ritualism, ethnocentrism, convergence, divergence, superstition and patriarchy. However, the new generation’s perception is that superstition is not just specific to Kermanshah and that patriarchy was related to the past and it is now being very weakly practiced.

Taking care of the body is one of the achievements that has become a fashion and lifestyle today; But what matters is how the body is shaped by taking some of the supplements on the market. The prevalence of some hormonal drugs among athletes is due to the tendency to have a different body. The present article seeks to be able to identify and analyze the mechanisms and relationships that expose the body to the market by demonstrating how to reproduce such an issue. To achieve the goal, the concept of bio-power in Foucault and post-Foucault has been used and a qualitative method has been used to explain the activities of actors. The data from this study are the result of a semi-structured interview with 35 people who have taken both hormonal drugs and share in the market for buying and selling them. According to the research findings, the use of hormonal drugs among individuals is the result of contemporary fitness and lifestyle discourses that have produced a kind of knowledge in this field. This knowledge, by being tied to profit-based relationships and the complementary drug market, leads to the formation and production of specific forms of subjects in Has been marketed. In fact, manipulation and control of the body have taken place through the normalization of the use of complementary drugs, and new medical and quasi-medical subjects recommending the use of such drugs have led to its reproduction.

Study in the field of rural industries and its social effects is undoubtedly one of our most important necessities today. And the crimes committed are directly related to employment. In this study, the development of job opportunities based on the model of “one village, one product” (a case study of the weaving industry in Hajij village) and its economic and social effects have been studied. Hajij village, whose residents spontaneously work in the production of Giveh in the framework of "one village, one product", has been selected as a model and by using various sources such as the village Hadi Plan, information obtained from field studies and questionnaires in various dimensions have been studied. In this study, they believe that the weaving industry in Hajij village is a desirable model for introducing ‘one village, one product” model, and approximately 89.05% of the people studied in this study believe that the weaving industry in Hajij village is effective in creating employment for the villagers. One of the important social effects of this activity is the very low crime rate in this village compared to the average of the province.