پژوهش نامه روانشناسی مثبت
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، تابستان 1400)

This study aimed to develop a model of happiness in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The research method was qualitative based on the grounded theory. For collecting data, purposeful sampling was used. According to the theoretical saturation, 24 people were selected and interviewed. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method of Strauss and Corbin. The desirability of life as a central category and cognitive beliefs, emotional intelligence, spiritual health, lifestyle, and social support were presented as causal conditions and mediating conditions of three levels of family environment, residence, and individual and environmental health indicators. Happiness promotion strategies were also divided into problem-oriented and emotion-oriented, each of which included different subcategories. According to this study's results, the role of various factors that directly and indirectly affect the quality of happiness should be considered to promote happiness in individuals and the conceptual model of happiness should also be studied in other subcultures.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a forgiveness training in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on improving the parent-child relationships.A total of thirty mothers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were selected from four and one districts of Tabriz. The children of these mothers were studying in the second and third grades of elementary school in the 98-99 academic year. Fifteen of them were randomly assigned to the training group and fifteen to the control group. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design with control group and follow-up. In the training, the forgiveness program was conducted in eight sessions (ninety-minute) , once a week. Gerard Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire was used to collect data. Multivariate analysis of covariance with repeated measures was used to analyzing the data. The results showed a significant difference in the subscales of quality of parent-child interaction, namely parental support, parenting satisfaction, participation in parenting, and communication with the child in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test stage and also in the follow-up period. The results showed that the forgiveness training has improved the relationships between mothers and children with ADHD. Therefore, training program can be used in counseling centers to improve parent-child relationships.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-based training on social self-efficacy, distress tolerance, and self-criticism in adolescent girls under the supervision of the Welfare Organization. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up, and control group. The sample consisted of 30 adolescent girls aged 14 to 18 years old who were under the supervision of the Kerman Welfare Organization. They were selected by available sampling and assigned to the experimental and control groups(15 people in each group). The experimental group received compassion-focused training intervention (8 sessions of 90 minutes), while the control group received no training. At the end of training sessions, post-test, and two months after that, follow-up was conducted. Connolly Adolescent Social Self-efficacy Questionnaire, the Simons and Gaher DistressTolerance Questionnaire, and the Thompson & zuroff Self-Criticism Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. The results showed that compassion-focused training significantly affected social self-efficacy, distress tolerance, and self-criticism. This effect also continued in the follow-up. Based on the findings, compassion- focused training can be used as a suitable treatment option to improve social self-efficacy, distress tolerance, and reducing self-criticism.

AbstractThe present study aimed to predict the meaning of life based on students' optimism and humorous styles. The method of the present study was descriptive-correlation. The sample consisted of 233 students of Payame Noorshahr University of Ahvaz who were selected voluntarily through WhatsApp social network. For collecting data, the Meaning of Life Questionnaire, the Humor Style Questionnaire, and the Optimism Questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed through correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results showed a significant positive relationship between optimism, connecting humor style, self-enhancing humor style, and meaning of life and a significant negative relationship between aggressive humor style and diminishing humor style with the meaning of life. The regression analysis results showed that optimism 16% of the meaning of life and humorous styles together explain and predict 32% of the meaning of students' lives. Thus, to promote the meaning of life in students, it is worthwhile to pay attention to optimism and humorous styles.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of secure leadership on workplace happiness with the mediating role of spirituality in the workplace. By stratified random sampling, 178 physical education teachers in Zahedan were studied through questionnaires of secure-base leadership, workplace happiness, and the spirituality in the workplace. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. Based on the findings, the correlation coefficient of secure leadership with workplace happiness and spirituality in the workplace was positive and significant, and the correlation coefficient between spirituality in the workplace and workplace happiness was also positive and significant. The direct effect of secure leadership on workplace happiness, the direct effect of secure leadership on spirituality in the workplace, and the direct effect the spirituality in the workplace on workplace happiness was positive and significant. Also, the indirect effect of secure leadership on workplace happiness mediated by spirituality in the workplace was positive and significant. According to these results, school principals can play an important role in increasing teachers'' organizational spirituality and organizational happiness by promoting psychological security, establishing humane and sincere relationships, strengthening teachers'' sense of belonging and competence, and developing a culture of discourse and cooperation.

This study aimed to examine the role of psychological capital on solving social problems through mediation role of intellectual preferences. The methodology was descriptive-correlational, and the sample size was based on Cochran's formula, 384 people according to the number of the population. The subjects were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling approach within each cluster by simple random sampling method. The social problem-solving inventory, psychological capital questionnaire, and intellectual preferences questionnaire were used in this study to collect data. According to the results, psychological capital can directly explains changes in social problem-solving. Also, psychological capital indirectly affects the variable of ability to solve social problems through the mediating variable of intellectual preferences which has the highest impact in this model. On the other hand, the results demonstrated that the selected model fits the data. Therefore, psychological capital as a desirable psychological capacity and using intellectual preferences, affect the ability to find solutions and facilitates it.