International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain prevention
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Autumn 2021

Pain is the most common mental pressure facing humans and one of the most common complaints among fibromyalgia patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effec-tiveness of Positive Mindfulness Therapy (PMT) and Emotion-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (EFCBT) in improving pain perception and sleep quality in patients with fibromy-algia.

This study is a quasi-experimental research in which 60 referees  who visiting Red Cross affiliated physiotherapy clinics in Tehran in 2020 were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups (positive mind-fulness therapy and emotion-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy) and a control group (N= 20 individuals per each group). The research instruments included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.

The results showed that PMT produced significant improvements in pain percep-tion (P< 0.001) and sleep quality (P= 0.013) in the patients compared to the control group. Furthermore, EFCBT was effective in improving pain perception (P< 0.001) and sleep quality (P = 0.015) in fibromyalgia patients. The results did not imply a significant difference be-tween the two treatment interventions.

Using PMT and EFCBT are effective in attenuating pain perception and improv-ing sleep quality in fibromyalgia patients.

Piriformis syndrome is a group of symptoms and signs of pain from the piriformis muscle and is considered by pain in the buttock with variable involvement of the sciatic nerve. The aids of neural mobilization and piriformis stretching are commonly described and are known, but the effects and role of hip abductor and extensor strengthening along with backward walking is not well ss the edescribed. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of hip muscle strengthening and backward walking in piriformis syndrome as a pilot study. 

In total, 76 subjects with piriformis syndrome were randomly assigned into two groups (Group A and Group B). Subjects in group A (n=38) received hip abductor and extensor strengthening and backward walking along with neural mobilization and piriformis stretching whereas, group B (n=38) received only neural mobilization and piriformis stretching for four weeks. Pain intensity was measured by Numerical Pain Rating  Scale (NPRS) and lumbar range of motion was measured using Universal Goniometer.

This study showed a statistically significant improvement in both the groups for pain intensity. However, the pain severity was considerably reduced more in group A.  Furthermore lumbar ROM improvement was seen significantly more in Group A.

The study demonstrated that hip abductor and extensor strengthening along  with backward walking have an added efficacy in improving lumbar flexibility and decreasing  pain when combined with neural mobilization and piriformis stretching exercises.

Exposure to ergonomic risk factors in the workplace is one of the most common causes  of Work-related MusculoSkeletal Disorders (WMSDs). Since gardeners and landscaping  workers are exposed to WMSDs due to the different tasks they perform, this study aims to  assess the risk of WMSDs prevalence among this group.

In this study, first, the job tasks of workers were analyzed using  the Hierarchical Job Analysis (HTA) method. Then, the job postures of 100 gardening and  landscape workers in one of the industrial complexes of Yazd province were assessed using  the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. Finally, the Nordic Questionnaire (NQ)  was used to estimate the prevalence of WMSDs. SPSS software version 22 was used for data  analysis.

The REBA final score for the two activities of mowing (worst posture) and  leaves collection (longest posture) were 8 (high) and 4 (medium), respectively. The highest  prevalence of WMSDs was in the lower back and knee areas. A significant relationship was  found between aging and the prevalence of WMSDs in the neck and wrist area. Furthermore,  a relationship was found between severity of WMSDs in the elbow area and the type of work  activity.

The working conditions of these workers should be examined and corrected  from the ergonomic issues point of view. It is recommended that people be trained to  understand the occupational ergonomics hazards and how to reduce the risk of developing  WMSDs through the proper use of ergonomic principles.

Low Back Pain (LBP) is a serious and prevalent health problem, especially worldwide.  This study evaluated the impact of an interventional program on promoting the knowledge,  attitude and practice among a clinical worker to prevent low back pain in Lorestan hospitals, 
Iran.

in this interventional study, 80 clinical workers who were working  in the two hospitals of Lorestan province in Iran, were divided randomly into an intervention  (N=40) and control (N=40) group.  The intervention group took part in the itervenional program while the control group received no  intervention. The demographic questionnaire and a researcher - made questionnaire were used.

In all 40 clinical workers in each group of intervention with mean age of 33.18±6.025  years and control group with mean age of 31.40± 6.732 years took part in the study. The  mean scores of knowledge, in the control group versus intervention group, immediately after  intervention, 3-, and 6 - months follow-up were 13.00±1.79 vs 13.28 ±2.21, 13.03±2.15 vs  14.93±1.28, and 13.03±2.15 vs 14.38±1.67 respectively which were significant in two time points of 3- and 6- month follow ups (P<0.05) . Regarding, the mean scores of attitude the scores of control versus intervention group were 39.386.45± vs 40.136.86±, 39.55±6.11vs 43.98±4.81, and 39.43±5.64 vs 43.60±5.74, respectively; and for behavior the scores in control vs intervention group were 16.96±6.90 vs 15.05±4.52; 16.05± 4.5 vs 18.35±5.30, and 16.00±4.60 vs 18.13±4.80, respectively. 

This study showed that the interventional program is an effective intervention  to promote preventive behavior of LBP in clinical workers.

Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major contributor to disability worldwide which affected the  Quality of Life (QOL). This study aimed to determine the correlation between pain intensity  and QOL in patients with chronic LBP.

In this study, 31 patients with LBP who referred to a pain clinic in  Sari , the center city of Mazandaran province of Iran were selected through simple random  sampling based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data collection was done using a demographic  questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Short Form Quality of Life (SF-36). To analyze  the data, descriptive / analytical statistics were used through SPSS version 23.

Of the total number of patients, 51.62% were female (n=16), and 48.38% were male (n=15). The majority of the participants (N=22; 70.97%) aged greater than 60 years old. The result showed the majority of the participants (N= 17) of patients (54.85%) had moderate pain. There was a significant correlation between pain intensity and all dimensions of QOL except social functioning.

This study revealed that low back pain could decrease physical and mental functioning of the suffered patients. Although, doing more studies with larger sample and objective measurements, applying different approaches to decrease low back pain is guaranteed.

Since the mismatch between the anthropometric dimensions of individuals and the dimensions of hand tools and shoes which leads to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), measuring data on anthropometric dimensions of hands and feet is essential for designing hand tools and shoes production. This study aimed to measure the anthropometric dimensions of hands and feet in different ages of men and women in Tabriz, Iran.

This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2020 on 609 peoples living in Tabriz city in Iran. In this study, two and one dimensions of foot and hand were measured manually respectively. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, means, and standard deviation were calculated. Independent t-test and Cohen effect size were used to test the mean dimensions of hands and feet of subjects .

Mean, standard deviation and 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles values were calculated in general and in terms of gender and educational level for individuals. In all the measured dimensions, men were generally larger than women, however; there were exceptions. The mean of the measured dimensions of hand foot size between men and women was different significantly.

In this study, anthropometric data of hands and feet for people living in Tabriz were measured. The findings provided can be used to design hand tools and shoes productions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)stretching combined with plyometric training on agility and Squat/ Continuous jumps in non-athlete male students.

Thirty non-athlete male students were volunteered to participate in this study. Participants were assigned into control (n=21) and intervention (n=21) groups. Dependent variables were recorded at baseline and 48 hours after post-exercise. A Vicon (200 Hz) motion analysis system with six T-Series cameras and two Kistler force plates (1000 HZ) were used to record kinematic and kinetic data. A two-way repeated measure ANOVA (group x EIMD) was used to compare the data between the two groups.

The agility in the intervention group was higher than in the plyometric group at 48 hours (P=0.015). Within-group comparison of agility showed a difference in the plyometric & PNF group from pre- to post-training (P=0.003). There were no significant differences in Squat jump test parameters from pre- to post-test between groups (P˃0.05). Also, within-group comparison of continuous jump of variables (maximum vertical displacement and power average) showed no difference in the plyometric & PNF group at 48 hours (P˃0.05).

A prophylactic effect of PNF stretching on agility and components of continuous jumps following exercise-induced muscle damage was useful. Therefore, PNF can be useful with a preventative method in reducing the symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage in some functional parameters of the exercise.