نشریه آسیب های اجتماعی کودک و نوجوان
پیاپی 16 (زمستان 1395)

One of the effective factors in preventing crimes, is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is important because it reduces the necessity of prosecution and punitive methods and makes the efficient management easy, and prepares individuals to accept responsibility and increases the ability of employees to perform tasks. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of police officers' self-efficacy on their crime prevention. This research has been done using quantitative method, scanning technique and questionnaire tools. The statistical population of study consisted of five county police officers included Shahrekord, Farsan, Saman, Ben and Boroujen counties of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. By using the Cochran formula the sample size considered 265 people and the sampling method was multistage cluster sampling. Correlation test results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy variable with employees' crime prevention variables (0.27), contemplative behaviors (0.28), behavioral prediction (0.19) and retrospective behavior (23 / 0). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the self-efficacy variable, work experience and age predicted 16 percent of the variables in the prevention of employee crime totally.

The aim of this research was to study the primary school textbooks in terms of the attention to the social capital. In this study, first the research questions and objectives were identified; then according to the theories presented in the areas of social capital and its elements included social trust, social relationships and social participation, effective factors for promoting them were gathered in a table. The method of research was a content analysis one and the information gathered using library data. The data were assigned in a content analysis table. According to this table, reading (Bekhanim) books, gifts of Heaven (hedyeh-aye-Asemany) and the social teachings (Motaleaat-Ejtemaei) of the five basic levels were studied and their data were collected. The Components contained in these books classified into 526 subjects, in which there were 228 cases in reading books, 172 cases in social teachings and 126 cases in heavenly gifts. Next, descriptive statistics methods were performed on them and presented them as percentage and mean. Then, the chi-square test was conducted to discover significant and meaningful differences and finally meaningful differences were recognized that moderately there are 46.6 cases of per effective behaviors for promoting the social capital.

In the current era, the enemy is disappointed with the achievement of a military strategy, seeking ways of penetrating and using other means instead of the body, mind, soul, ideological, intellectual and cultural foundations of the Iranian Muslim people, especially the young and cultured generation to achieve its goals better and more easily at a lower cost. In this case, the Police Forces of Islamic Republic of Iran, which is one of the main organs of the system (Nezam), (as the Supreme Leader said), is considered as one of the targets of the enemy infiltration. Therefore, in order to deal with this enemy program, it is necessary to use and apply the Supreme Leader's statement on infiltration, to put forward and implement practical measurements to counteract the infiltration project in Police forces. Hence, the main purpose of this study was to explain the leadership's statements about the infiltration of the enemy and their relationship with the police. The research method was content analysis one. The results of this study categorized the enemy's infiltration from the perspective of leadership into four dimensions of security infiltration, political infiltration, economic infiltration and intellectual-cultural infiltration. The relationship of these four dimensions of infiltration with police forces' missions and structures has been investigated and explained.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pathways on pedestrian accidents in Borujen city (1391 till 1394). In the present study, the library method was used to formulate the outlines related to theoretical foundations and research backgrounds. Also, descriptive-survey method was used as a field type and a questionnaire was used to collect information. For this reason, this research can be referred as descriptive-survey study. Also, the present study is a cross-sectional study in terms of time criterion. The statistical population of the study consisted of Traffic Police experts and the municipality of Borujen city. The data gathering tool was also collection of 50 questionnaires distributed among Traffic Police experts of the Borujen city. Statistical analysis of t-test, Fisher and Chi-Square was used to analyze the data. The results showed that, 5% of pavement (pathway) width, Ruggedness and disregarding safety tips in pathways, stopping vehicles and motorcycles, and littering the pathways by merchants and shopkeepers at the level of significance play a key role in accidents. So pathways played an important role in pedestrian accidents.

Due to the rapid spread of social network's usage in Iran, the study of the results and outcomes of wide spread use of this technology is quite necessary in different arenas, particularly in family foundation. The exsitence of such a suitable space and the lack of essential trainings for conciously and actively usage of these networks, provide the conditions for occurance the different social and mental damages among the users. Accordingly, this research tried to study the impacts of cyberspace's damages with emphasis on vice crimes on family in shahr-e-kord city. This study used quantitative method and survey technique with statistical society included of families located in region 2 at shahr-e-kord city in 1395 (2016) and the data were gathered by using random sampling method of 250 peoples via self-administered questionnaire. This questionnaire has both face and content validity proved by sociology and psychology professors. Reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha was 0.81 and 0.78 for family foundation's questions and ethical crime's questions, respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS 2 statistical software in both descriptive and inferential levels. The results showed that all variables had a negative correlation with family foundation; content variables of offenses against public morals in cyberspace (- 0/24), vulgar content in cyberspace (-0/35), opposite-sex friendships in cyberspace (-0/31), and the extend of cyberspace usage (-0/22). Totally, the results of the study proved the all four hypothesis and indicated that the more people show tendency to cyberspace, the more the family foundation would be unsteady and the people will show less emotional and social attachment and commitment to their family.

Nowadays, some nomads like other people have been affected by a phenomenon called as addiction and narcotic substance abuse. This study aimed to study the criminological aspect of substance abuse among Koohrang county's nomads. The under-studied society consisted of Koohrang's nomads. The statistical sample of this study included 187 peoples who lived in drug-affected areas or drug rehabilitation camps. The data were collected by questionairies and examined by correlation coefficient statistical tests. The results showed that prevention, the lack of education of nomads and their family conditions, have a significant impact on their tendency to substance abuse. It is hoped that this study can take actions to prevent the increasement of this phenamenon and rehabilitate the victimes.