Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume:10 Issue: 5, May 2020

INTRODUCTION: Emotional intelligence (EI) and self‑efficacy are important factors that lead to success in work, life, and education. Various studies assessed the relationship between EI and well‑being, performance, and self‑efficacy in educational levels, but this topic has been rarely assessed in the occupational and administrative environments. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between EI and self‑efficacy among administrative staffs of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: The study employed a descriptive‑correlational design and was conducted in six deputies supervised by the Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2019, and 275 participants were selected using a census method. The research data were collected using the Goleman’s EI framework with a reliability coefficient of α = 0.87 and Sherer General Self‑Efficacy Scale with a reliability coefficient of α = 0.78. Data analysis was performed through Kolmogorov–Smirnov, analysis of variance, Tukey, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient techniques at P < 0.05 significance level. RESULTS: The mean score of EI was 98.8 ± 11.1 and the mean score of self‑efficacy was 60 ± 7.17. There was a significant positive relationship between the scores of EI and self‑efficacy. In addition, the findings indicated a positive significant correlation between self‑efficacy with self‑awareness, self‑regulation, and social skills. CONCLUSION: The findings of the current study confirm that EI has positive relationships with administrative personnel’s self‑efficacy. Therefore, implications of the findings can help in the selection, training, counseling, and retention of administrative personnel to the improvement of medical sciences universities’ occupational performance.

According to the importance of health education (HE) in disease control and prevention and inadequacy of HE in the Iran’s health‑care system, clarifying the HE barriers is necessary.

This study aimed to clarifying the comprehensive model of HE barriers of health‑care system in Iran.

This qualitative study was conducted in 2019. Twenty‑one health experts and physicians at different levels of the health system, a former health deputy of the Ministry of Health, and 26 community health workers (CHWs) were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi‑structured individual interviews and group discussions and analyzed simultaneously by conventional content analysis.

Five themes were extracted including individual barriers (most important categories: inadequate ability of CHWs in HE, poor motivational factors at individual level, and educator’s wrong beliefs), interpersonal (most important categories: weakness of other health‑care providers in the education of CHWs, lack of proper understanding by health authorities of scientific and correct HE, inappropriate communication, unrealistic expectations from CHWs, problems with monitoring and supervision, poor work commitment, and client‑related problems), organizational (most important categories: high workload of CHWs, problems related to educational resources, inappropriate attitude of managers and officials, and inappropriate evaluation and monitoring), community (most important categories: not believing CHWs by people, people’s disinterest and lack of motivation in education, cultural problems, problems with the Internet and virtual social networks, and weak cross‑sectoral cooperation), and contextual barriers (most important categories: barriers related to universities, broadcasting, the nature of HE science, as well as gap between practical education and theory).

Considering the multidimensional barriers such as individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and contextual barriers, compiling and executing a comprehensive document with the participation of authorities, specialists, and service providers is recommended to remove barriers. This is in line with the Ottawa Charters’ “reorienting health services.”

Inadequate lifestyle practices among individuals with diabetes may influence the progression of diabetes and its complications. The aim of this study was to assess the lifestyle practices among individuals with diabetes in Sudan.

This was a descriptive, cross‑sectional, health facility‑based study conducted in 3 diabetes centers treating individuals with diabetes. The data were collected using a standardized pretested metabolic questionnaire about lifestyle and were analyzed by performing descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS program version 23.

A total of 528 patients with diabetes answered the questionnaire. There were 52.1% of female participants and 72.9% of urban residents. 23.9% were obese, regular exercise was reported by 27.7%, and no exercise by 17%. There was a statistically significant association between lifestyle practices and gender (P < 0.001), age (P < 0.001), educational level (P = 0.002), marital status (P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (P < 0.001), hypertension (P < 0.001), high‑density lipoprotein (P < 0.001), low‑density lipoprotein (P < 0.001), and HbA1c level (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed male gender and education were significantly associated with lifestyle changes. Men were more likely to engage in favorable lifestyle practices than women (P < 0.001), while those with no formal education were less likely to engage in healthy lifestyle (P < 0.001).

Health authorities in Sudan will need to put more efforts into education for promoting self‑awareness and good lifestyle practices in the population with diabetes.

Little information is available on the use of text messages through mobile phones to address overweight/obesity in children. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a text message‑based intervention for weight control and health‑promoting lifestyle behaviors of overweight/obese children.

This quasi‑experimental study was conducted among overweight/obese school students. Data on sociodemographic, dietary intake, sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity (PA), and anthropometry were collected before and after the intervention. Weight and height were examined according to the standard protocols. The intervention was consisted of tailored messages for weight control and healthy lifestyle, including diet, PA, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Child attitude and his practice were asked before and after the intervention. The paired t‑test was performed to compare means of continuous variables before and after the intervention for normal distribution data. The Wilcoxon test was also used for nonnormal data.

A total of 71 boy students were included in the study (62% obese). The mean age was 10.07 years. The means of attitude score for PA, nutrition, and sleep after intervention were greater than before it, but it was significant only for PA. The mean of nighttime sleep duration of students after the intervention was significantly less. Furthermore, unhealthy score decreases after the intervention.

Three‑month lifestyle intervention as text messages had positive effects on the nutritional intake of obese children and their attitudes toward PA, but no effect on child body mass index.

Problem‑solving skills and learner‑centered approaches provide students with the ability to solve health challenges by placing them in simulated situations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inter‑professional learning based on problem‑solving on critical thinking (CT) and satisfaction with learning experience in nursing and midwifery students.

This quazi‑experimental study of a single group used pretest–posttest design. 20 undergraduate nursing and 28 midwifery students at the final academic year participated in the study. The research intervention was interprofessional learning based on problem‑solving conducted in five 2‑h training sessions. California’s CT Scale and 10‑point visual analog scale were used to measure CT skills and satisfaction with learning before and after the intervention. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive statistics and paired t‑test.

The findings of this study indicated that the mean score of students’ CT before the intervention was poor, while it statistically significant increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). It was also found that students’ satisfaction with learning, in the scale of 0–10, was reported from 5 to 9 indicating students had a high level of satisfaction with their learning experience.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the interprofessional education based on problem‑solving has been able to significantly enhance the overall critical skills of students, especially in the dimensions of analysis, inference, and deductive reasoning, and also, students’ satisfaction with learning experience was also increased.

Hypertension is one of the major health threats in the world today. The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between hypertension with irrational health belief and health locus of controls.

The current work is a descriptive (case–control) study. One hundred patients with hypertension and 100 healthy individuals were included in the study through available sampling method. The Irrational Health Belief Scale and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using independent t‑test and logistic regression.

The findings showed a significant relationship between the variables of irrational health beliefs and the external health locus of control in hypertension. For a unit increase in an irrational health belief score, the chance of having high blood pressure increases by 6%, and for a unit increase in the score of external health locus of control, there is a 17% higher chance of having hypertension. The independent t‑test of irrational health belief also showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). There was also a statistically significant difference regarding the health locus of control in the two groups of hypertension and healthy individuals in the subscale of chance control (P < 0.01) and external locus of control (P < 0.01).

The results of this study make it necessary to identify irrational health beliefs as well as the health locus of control in individuals. Modification of these structures can be useful in the prevention and management of this chronic disease.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cognitive, psychomotor, and attitudinal readiness of faculty members and students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for using e‑learning in 2019 in order to move toward the desired future of e‑learning in medical education, promote the benefits of e‑learning in the country, and provide training to each of the research groups if needed.

This is a cross‑sectional study conducted in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2019. The study population consisted of 379 students and 281 professors selected through the systematic random sampling in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The e‑learning readiness questionnaire developed by Zarif Sanaei et al. was used to evaluate the students’ and teachers’ viewpoints.

The results showed that the average level of skill, knowledge, and attitude among students and teachers was positive and higher than the mean (P < 0.05). It had only a significant relationship in the level of education of the teachers and the marital status of the participants. There was also a significant interaction between skill, knowledge, and attitude.

There is a need for successful implementation of e‑learning by creating appropriate infrastructure, applying the required standards, as well as taking measures to reduce the existing resistance in this regard, which can be achieved through training workshops. The experience of successful universities in the country and abroad can also be used to implement e‑learning.

Majority of critical care nurses do not have desirable skills in performing endotracheal tube suctioning (ETS) despite related training taught in the curricula. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effect of education through video and performance feedback (PF) on nurses’ skills in performing ETS.

This was a quasi‑experimental study. The sample size comprised of all nurses (n = 49) working in the intensive care unit of one of the educational hospital located in one of the western cities of Iran. Nurses were assigned to either one of educational video (EV) and PF groups. Data were collected using a 25‑item structured best practices information sheet. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

After the interventions, no significant difference was found in the total mean score of nurses’ practice in ETS between those who received education through EV and those who received through PF (16.3 vs. 15.1) (P > 0.05). Before and after the intervention, a significant improvement was observed in the total mean score and other dimensions of nurses’ practice in endotracheal suctioning (P < 0.0001).

The results showed that both of methods through feedback and EV are useful in improving nurses’ ETS practice. However, further studies are required to examine the effects of such interventions in the long term.

Educating a mother of a premature baby and providing a structured written educational information can enhance better understanding and practice. This article describes the development and implementation of a health educational package for preemie moms in the care of their premature baby after neonatal intensive care unit discharge. SUBJECTS AND

The package known as “Preemie Mom: A Guide for You” was designed based on Stufflebeam’s model and has four phases: (1) content evaluation from available sources of information, (2) input evaluation based on mothers’ need related to premature baby care, (3) process evaluation for package designing and content drafting, and (4) product evaluation to determine its feasibility. The contents were extracted and collated for validation by consulting various specialists in related fields. A final draft was drawn based on comments given by experts. Comments from the mothers were taken for formatting, visual appearance, and content flow for easy understanding and usage.

All ten existing articles and eight relevant documents were gathered and critically appraised. The package was designed based on 11 main components related to the care of premature baby after discharge. The content validation was accepted at a minimum score of 0.85 for the item‑level content validity index analysis. Both experts and mothers were agreed that the package is easy to use and well accepted as a guide after discharge. The agreement rate by the mothers was at 93.33% and greater for the front page, writing style, structure, presentation, and motives of the package.

“Preemie Mom: A Guide for You” is a validated health educational package and ready to be used to meet the needs of the mother for premature baby care at home.

Hospitalization in intensive care units (ICUs) can cause physiological and psychological challenges for patients and their family members. Using a family‑centered approach in provision of visiting hours promotes the health of patients. The purpose of this study is to review the perception of nurses and family members of patients in ICUs about visiting their patients.

The published articles in the last 10 years from 2008 to 2018 on the perception of nurses and family members of patients in critical care units about visiting their patients searched for in databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, SID, Scopus, CINAHL, OVID, IRANDOC, and Magiran using keywords “family members perception,” “nurses’ perception,” “intensive care units,” and “visiting” in English and Farsi, and finally, 15 articles were selected.

Results showed that nurses do not have appropriate viewpoint about visiting patients in ICUs, and they discussed and outlined the barriers of visiting patients given the benefits of family members’ presence.

There are several limitations on the process of family members visiting their patients in the ICUs. It is essential to modify the nurses’ attitudes and remove the organizational limitations in this area

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause operational anxiety in patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a hospital rehabilitation program on operational anxiety in patients following TKA.

A nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted on 96 patients who were total knee replacement (TKR) candidates in Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The participants were allocated to two groups of control and experiment each with 48 participants. A rehabilitation training program was implemented in the experimental group and the routine care program was administered to the control group. The data collected through demographic form and Spielberger anxiety questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, covariance, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test (P = 0.5).

The results of the paired t‑test indicated that the mean score of anxiety in both groups was decreased. Independent t‑test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean scores of anxiety so that it was significantly higher in the control group compared to the experimental group (P < 0.001).

The implementation of the rehabilitation education by a rehab nurse can improve the surgical outcomes in patients under TKR. Despite the positive results in this study, the results should be interpreted and clinically used with caution given the small number of participants and the specific circumstances of this study.

Considering the important role of universities in advancing educational, social, cultural, economic, and political affairs and given the significant and effective role of social determinants of health (SDH) in personal and social life, this study aimed to design a preliminary questionnaire to assess the awareness and attitude of students and professors of relevant medical sciences departments toward the SDH.

This is a descriptive survey study of the instrumentation type and is done on the students and professors of Isfahan and Kashan medical sciences universities in 2019. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the correlation coefficient for each question as well as the total score of the questionnaire were reported for this attitude measurement questionnaire. The difficulty coefficient, optimum difficulty level, discrimination coefficient, and the relevant variance were calculated for every question in the awareness measurement questionnaire.

The internal consistency of the questionnaire for the awareness toward the SDH for 15 questions was 0.742. This consistency was acceptable for 18 questions in the attitude measurement questionnaire after omitting two questions with not appropriate distinguishing ability. The difficulty level of the questions was relatively high.

Given that no tool was observed in the search strategy to measure the SDH, therefore, the design and psychometrics of such a tool can be used to measure the awareness and attitude of the target audiences; since this tool had an acceptable validity and reliability at its initial stages, researchers are suggested to apply it for standardization in different academic societies.

Chronic diseases leave a huge impact on the life of children and their family caregivers (FCGs). Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of the combination of Benson’s relaxation technique (BRT) and brief psycho‑educational intervention (BPI) on religious coping (RCOPE), sense of coherence (SOC), and quality of life (QoL) of FCGs in children with chronic disease.

The study population, consisted of 100 FCGs whose children were afflicted by chronic diseases, and participated in the current quasi‑experimental pretest posttest design. The children were recruited from two state pediatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The RCOPE, SOC, and QoL of FCGs were assessed twice, through pretest (T1) and posttest (T2), four weeks after the intervention, by means of RCOPE, SOC and SF‑36 questionnaires. The FCGs participated in four training sessions lasting up to 70 min over one week, followed by four more weeks of training. The Chi‑square, Fisher’s exact tests, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test were performed.

Positive RCOPE had a significant rise at T2 (P = 0.020) compared with negative RCOPE that did not show significant changes in T2. SOC scores for the intervention group remarkably rose at T2 (P = 0.022); but, for the control group, the drop was marginal. The QoL scores of both physical and mental components were statistically significant in the intervention group at T2 (P < 0.05).

Findings of the present study suggest that BRT and BPI can help significantly improve the RCOPE, SOC, and QoL of families with children suffering from chronic diseases. Measures that could enhance the RCOPE, SOC, and QoL include low‑cost interventions, good safety, and decent outcome.

Sedentary habits may increase the noncommunicable disease risk factors, and few teens get enough physical activity. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of a web‑based intervention on the promotion of physical activity among adolescents using the transtheoretical model (TTM).

A quasi‑experimental study was conducted on 278 high school students who were randomly allocated into one of the three groups: two web‑based intervention groups. The intervention groups 1 and 2 received education through web (www.salamat.family), but the second group received educational strategies based on TTM. Five questionnaires were applied two times before the intervention and 6 months after the intervention. And, in the control group, the data were collected using stage of exercise behavior change questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Student’s t‑test and two‑way analysis of variance, and McNemar’s test were applied to compare before and after the intervention. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean differences for TTM constructs related to exercise behaviors (processes of change, self‑efficacy, and decisional balance) in intervention groups 1 and 2 were very higher than the control group. Participants in intervention groups 1 and 2 who had low or moderate physical activity before the intervention were placed in high physical activity after it.

According to the obtained results, education on PA based on website effective, but if we use education based on TTM, it will be more useful on the behavior.

Professionalism is an essential theme in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. The current study aimed to assess the preclerkship medical students’ perception on medical professionalism.

A cross‑sectional qualitative study using the critical incident technique was conducted at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). An online survey was sent to 300 medical students (years 1–3). Participants were asked to describe an official doctor–patient encounter that they have experienced in a health‑care setting and to highlight the professional behaviors in that encounter. They were then requested to list the top five characteristics of a professional doctor. Thirty (10%) medical students responded to the study; only 13 reported real incidents. The responses were independently reviewed by the authors. The descriptions of the professional attitudes were grouped according to the six domains of professionalism defined by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Physicians Charter and then plotted against the nine domains of medical professionalism published in the UAE Consensus Statement.

The most common professional behaviors reported were patience, honesty, respect, and patient care. The participants addressed all six domains of professionalism described by the ABIM physicians charter (altruism, accountability, duty , excellence, honor and integrity, and respect for others) and all the domains of medical professionalism published in the UAE Consensus Statement, except for “commitment to advocacy” and “commitment to education” domains.

Preclerkship medical students had an insight about the professional behaviors needed from doctors before formal teaching about professionalism in the curriculum.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder in child psychiatry, which has a greater impact on the future life of the children affected in case of being untreated and undiagnosed. Given the undeniable role of teachers in improving this disorder and preventing its destructive consequences on children, the present research has examined the knowledge, attitude, and practice of elementary school teachers regarding ADHD.

This was a descriptive, cross‑sectional study carried out in 2019. One hundred and twenty teachers were randomly selected as samples among public and private schools in three districts of Isfahan. Data were collected by a self‑administrated questionnaire including demographic variables, knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers regarding ADHD and were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. The Spearman’s and Kendall’ correlation coefficient, t‑test, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test were employed, and P < 0.50 was considered statistically significant.

The findings indicated that 65% of teachers had favorable knowledge toward ADHD, 50% of them had a favorable attitude, and 56% of their practice was desirable. The questionnaire showed that only their knowledge about ADHD symptoms was desirable, but their knowledge about cause of the disorder and its treatment was not sufficient. There was an inverse relationship between the knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers with age, and between education and having a child, a significant direct relationship was discovered. Teachers of public schools compared to private school teachers had significantly better knowledge, attitude, and practice.

Teachers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding ADHD was relatively high. However, it is necessary to educate teachers about etiology and methods of treatment of this disorder and behavior management of these students, especially private school teachers who need more education.

Fire buildings is considered as one of the most common and the most devastating disasters and emergencies. Saving school buildings against incidents such as fire is very important since students are so vulnerable to incidents especially fire. The most school classes were devoid of safety conditions and oil‑burning heaters were used. Such a condition has increased the risk of disaster and is considered as a serious menace for students’ lives. The present study conducted with aim of review the Health, Safety and Education Measures for Fire in Schools. To this purpose, we selected suitable keywords some articles published in Scientific Information Database of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest were searched. The search was limited to reviewed articles in English and Persian language published between 1970 and 2019, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, the selected articles were reviewed for relevant citations. The reviewing of articles was conducted by two member of research team independently. The primary search found 194 relevant studies. After eliminating the duplicates and articles which were not related to the review of the abstract, 51 references were identified for inclusion. Finally, 13 articles were selected after screening and evaluated by two authors to final review main factors and dimensions of schools’ health, safety and education include the rules and laws, allocating sufficient budgets, education the teachers, students and their families, exercise, risk analysis, intersectional relations, fire extinguishing equipment, early warning system, and also optimization and reformation of heating system. Applying these new approaches prevents disasters and increases the level of preparedness in case of fire occurrence.

Health‑care workers, especially medical intern, are at risk of exposed to blood and other body fluids in the course of their work. To reduce the risk, standard precaution (SP) is introduced. Among all communicable diseases that could be transmitted, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the most stigmatized disease. However, there are some government hospitals that separated adult HIV patients with other patients to prevent additional infection.   This study aims to evaluate the impact of ward separation on SP adherence.

This was an observational study conducted in March 2017 in a tertiary referral hospital for the eastern part of Indonesia. The participants were 150 medical students who underwent the past year of their clinical rotation. They were given a three‑part questionnaire, consisting of their background, their SP practice in the HIV ward and non‑HIV wards, and their perception and attitude regarding SP. McNemar’s test and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analysis, using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows.

Participants were more adhered to SP (hand hygiene, wear mask as indicated, and wear glove as indicated) in the HIV ward compare to non‑HIV wards (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively). Almost all participants were more careful in implementing SP in the HIV ward than in non‑HIV wards and were more concerned of getting needlestick injury in the HIV ward than in non‑HIV ward.

HIV and non‑HIV ward separation negatively impact medical students’ SP adherence.

The present study aims at designing and evaluating the effect of new educational media‑based educational intervention on students’ stages of behavior change of physical activity. SUBJECTS AND

In the present interventional study, 225 students of medical sciences university were assigned into two experimental and one control groups using proportional stratified random sampling, where web‑based and software‑based educational interventions were used. Data were collected using International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Marcus’s stages of change scales, and a self‑made questionnaire including constructs of barriers, benefits, and self‑efficacy. Evaluation was conducted through pretest and posttest and immediate and 2 and 6 months of follow‑ups after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics and Chi‑square, Friedman, one‑way ANOVA, and ANOVA with repeated measure.

Based on the results, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups before the intervention (P = 0.37); however, immediately and 2 and 6 months after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of stages of change (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in the experimental group, the educational intervention led to improvement of individuals in the stages of change of physical activity. At 6‑month follow‑up, 75.4% of the software group and 60.6% of the web group achieved the maintenance stage.

The results suggest that designing intervention based on people’s level of preparation for changing behavior and using new educational methods such as web and software were effective on individuals’ progress in different stages of change of physical activity behavior and physical activity rate.

Social media platforms are progressively developing as a rich source of mass communication. Increasing mental health awareness with the help of social media can be a good initiative to reach out to a large number of people in a short time frame. This study was conducted to understand the usefulness of social media platforms for health promotion.

It was a qualitative study to evaluate the effectiveness of social media platforms in hosting health promotion campaigns in the field of mental health, which was observed over 5 months from May to September 2019 to reach more people for effective information dissemination. The campaigns were as follows (1) The Buddies for Suicide Prevention: an online campaign to create awareness about suicide prevention. The campaign included script writing, slogan writing, poster making, and short films making, organized for the general public who were interested to take part; (2) The #Iquitobacco was a 21‑day campaign with an idea of tobacco cessation in the community, conducted among social media viewers who were willing to participate; and (3) #Migrainethepainfultruth was yet another campaign conducted among the social media viewers who were interested to participate. All the campaigns were conducted using two famous social media platforms commonly used by young adults. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and proportions were computed for the number of likes and shares.

The Facebook and Instagram posts concerning all the campaigns brought about a considerable amount of reach to the targeted population. After the campaigns, the page reached to around 10.3 k people (both fans and nonfans).

Use of social media to conduct mental health campaigns is an effective initiative as one can reach out to several people over a short time period. There is an increasing trend in the awareness of mental health with the effective use of digital media as a platform for disseminating information.

Considering lack of data on clinical acumen and clinical practice readiness of graduating nurses in India; this cross‑sectional survey was undertaken to assess the self‑reported clinical practice readiness of graduating nurses from a selected state in India.

The survey was conducted at randomly selected public and private nursing institutes in Uttarakahnd, India, during June–July 2017. Total 173 final‑year nursing undergraduates were selected through cluster sampling technique and they were asked to report their clinical competencies using a prevalidated and reliable tool, i.e. Comprehensive Nursing Competencies Questionnaire.

The mean competencies score for basic nursing skills was reasonably high (236.5 ± 25.0). However, it was significantly low for the advanced nursing skills (148.7 ± 25.6) and selected basic nursing tasks such as perioperative care, elimination related interventions, and handling of medical equipment (recoding electrocardiogram and using defibrillator). Graduating nurses with younger age and longer duration of clinical placement had higher mean competency score in basic as well as advanced nursing skills (P < 0.05). Whereas, nurses studying at private nursing institutes had lower mean competency score for advanced nursing skills (P = 0.001).

Clinical practice readiness of graduating nurses for basic nursing skills is good. However, it is seriously poor for the advanced nursing skills. This could be because of lack of sufficient clinical learning material, experienced clinical nursing faculty, and poorly equipped nursing skill labs. Nursing regulatory bodies must regularly monitor and ensure that deficiencies are rectified and nursing faculty remain clinically updated and active to produce clinically competent nurses.

The ability of physicians to perform endotracheal intubation by laryngoscope is one of the essential skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the four‑step python training method with the Halsted’s “See one, Do one, and Teach one” training method in endotracheal intubation competency in simulated environment.

This quasi‑experimental study was performed on two independent groups with posttest. The statistical society consisted of eighth‑semester medical students referred to the emergency medicine unit. The experimental group received a modified four‑step python‘s training method that modified for small groups, and the control group received the Halsted’s “See one, Do one, and Teach one” training method. Researcher‑made checklist used to rate participant competency as posttest. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software.

Sixty‑seven students volunteered for the experimental group and 57 students for the control group. In posttest, the experimental group more competent than the control group significantly (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the training course satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND

Modified python training method for small groups has shown a better effect on student performance. This finding is consistent with previous researches. Modified four‑step python’s training for small group with an emphasis on peer to peer teaching and receiving feedback from peer can be related to the effectiveness of this training. Further research is recommended in other clinical education settings.

Training of health‑care providers about the various aspects of biomedical waste (BMW) management and handling (M and H) rules can improve the safe disposal of BMW and protect the patients and public from related hazards.

Our study objective was to evaluate the existing knowledge regarding BMW management rules among selected health‑care professionals and to evaluate the impact of training program on BMW management on the knowledge and practices of health‑care professionals.

The training program on BMW management rules was conducted in April 2018. A total of 250 participants were trained. A structured validated questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed, and the mean score of pre‑ and post‑test was compared by the paired‑t test.

Majority of the participants were female (83%) aged 20–30 years (56%). The majority of the participants were married (74%) and were from urban areas (74%). The mean pretest and posttest score were 14.00 and 19.94 respectively (P < 0.000).

The structured training on all aspects of BMW management led to statistically significant improvement in the knowledge among health‑care professionals. RECOMMENDATIONS: Such training programs need to be regularly conducted.

Financial information system is one of the subsystems in management information system that is very important in health institutions. The use of financial information system creating effective and efficient information flow will greatly assist the management in decision‑making, so that it can achieve institutional goals easier. This study is endeavored to assess the success of financial information system in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive‑correlational study was performed on the research population consisting of financial information system users in educational, health, and medical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2018 that were studied by the census method (n = 108) because of a small number of these users. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by pooling the ideas of five academic members of the health information management and two financial information system users. The reliability of questionnaire was also estimated by Cronbach’s alpha. Then, the AMOS software was used to analyze the gathered data.

The result shows that system quality was positively correlated to the use and user satisfaction whereas use and user satisfaction was positively correlated to net benefit (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the information quality was positively correlated to the user satisfaction (P < 0.05).

As per the finding of this study, to improve user’s intention to use the financial information system and their satisfaction toward the system, managers need to develop useful, easy‑to‑understand, easy‑to‑learn, and easy‑to‑use information systems.

School teachers play an important role in instilling positive behavior changes among school children. School children at an early age group of 2–7 years face challenges and need extra support. Utilization of psychological interventions via school teachers for oral health promotion is minimal. The present study was done to determine the impact of counseling and reinforcement by school teachers on children for a follow‑up period of 1 year.

A quantitative research on 58 randomly selected children for a follow‑up of one year was conducted to determine the prevalence of preoperational characteristics in school children. The tools to determine characters in preoperational children consisted of classical cognitive experiments followed by behavior counseling intervention. The interventional group received reinforcement with school teachers for a follow‑up of one year.

The assessment of the three characteristics revealed a prevalence of ego centralism, centration, and lack of conservation and reversibility in 84.4%, 89.6%, and 89.6% children, respectively. A significant difference in behavior change was seen in children who received behavior counseling and reinforcement.

The present study concluded that Piaget’s characteristics were consistent for a follow‑up period of one year.

CONTEXT: One of the most important issues in patients with coronary artery disease is their mental health indices such as perceived stress and perception of disease.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness‑based intervention on the perceived stress and disease perception of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

This is a clinical trial, two‑group, and three‑stage study on 76 patients with acute coronary syndrome who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Nine weekly sessions of mindfulness‑based training program were administered to the intervention group. The control group received routine services during this period. Data collection was done before, immediately, and 1 month after the intervention, using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Illness Perception Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

There was no significant difference between the mean scores of perceived stress and illness perception before intervention. After the intervention and 1 month after it, the mean score of perceived stress in the intervention group was statistically significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001), and the perception of disease in the intervention group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001).

It is worthwhile to suggest the mindfulness‑based training program to reduce the perceived stress and correct the perception of disease for patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Medical ethics is a practical subject as well as a branch of ethical philosophy and an integral part of the proper practice in medicine. However, the ethics changes in places and over time and is variable. Furthermore, many issues that have occurred as a result of advances in technology add to the complexity of the ethical issues. Therefore, the objective of this research was to explore medical teachers’ and interns’ experiences regarding professional ethics.

This study was a qualitative content analysis conducted on 10 professionals and 10 interns of the surgery and internal departments of medical and educational centers in Qom University of Medical Sciences to discover their experiences of the medical professional ethics. The sampling method was purposive, and data were collected through semi‑structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative content analysis method with a conventional approach.

Three main categories were obtained from the data analysis, including adherence to professional values, organizational conditions, and individual characteristics.

Adherence to professional values, paying attention to individual characteristics, and organizational conditions are among the factors affecting the promotion of medical professional ethics; therefore, it seems that appropriate interventions on these important components can help promote the professional ethics training in the clinical practice.