نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 5، زمستان 1388)

Work ethic is a cultural norm which gives positive moral values doing goodwork in the community. The purpose of this article is to review and understandthe work ethic and organizational factors that influence it. This researchemploys survey method and uses questionnaires. The selected target societyhas been employees of state universities in Tabriz with a sample of 274 people.After extracting and analyzing data and producing of statistic indexes(indicators) for independent and cumulated variables of the research, the resultshow that the least and the most work ethics of the sample people are 2.9 and 5respectively. The degree of work ethics of studied employees is 4.21. Also, thework ethics of 4.4 percent of the population is in low level, 52.1 percent inintermediate level and 36.5 percent in high level.Eventually 22.7% of respondents have considered the organizationmanagement style as autocratic, 53.6% as moderate and 23.7% as participatory.In this way the popular management style in university has been assessed asmoderate. In this research there is a positive and meaningful correlationbetween the work ethics and job satisfaction justice (fairness) andorganizational commitment and also a negative and meaningful correlationbetween work ethics and organization alienation and autocratic managementstyle.

One of the important outcomes of the development of world economics hasbeen quick destruction of natural resources and ecosystem of the world. Somefeminists believe that ecology is a specific feministic issue and they createdsomething which can be called “ecofeminism”. Before the advent of westernexploitation and western sciences, natives had close and friendly relations withthe world nature all over the world. Natural forces commonly were consideredfeminine as they were manifestation of productive powers of vegetation andreproduction.There was a feminine principle that is woman’s specific relations with thenature through production and reproduction, giving birth to a baby, feedingbabies and keeping them safe during their growth. This feminine principle was aguarantee that natural environment should not be abused, but it should beattended to and put into operation with care. However, this relation with thenature and natural resources was severely damaged with the advent of westernexploitation. And the feminine principle was overturned. Nature which was stillconsidered feminine turned into a passive resource. The overturning paved theway for environment destruction, overuse of the earth and harmful expansion oftechnology. The only way out of this crisis was to reestablish primitive relationof women with the environment and promotion of returning to the nature. In thisway, ecofeminism came to existence. For this reason, ecofeminism is an effortto overcome the shortcomings of the main stream of sociology to respond theecosystem problems which the world is grappling with. This theory tries toovercome the methodological reductionism of the main idea of feminism byconsidering the necessary usage of multi-reasoned explanations in studying thesuperior and inferior relations, and it has thus turned into a promising theory toovercome some methodological, epistemological and ontological shortcomingsof feminism.

This research tries to answer this question that what kind of factors mayinfluence the social commitment among students? Accordingly, hypothesesfrom theoretical views of functionalism and interactionism of Koshman,Bloomberg, Becker, Parsens, Mathew, and Ziac, and also the previous studiesand researches have been extracted to describe social commitment. Theresearch method is the survey, and data were collected by questionnaire. Thedocumentary method is also used for collecting of theoretical texts andexperimental history. The statistical society in this research is all students ofIslamic Azad University of Tabriz who are totally 27037 students from whom 400students were selected as statistical sample using Kokran formula and varianceobtained from pre- test questionnaire. The sampling in the first step wasrandomly classified by which the samples were divided into faculty and genderof respondents among different faculties of university. Then simple randommethod was used to determine the sample among students of faculties ofuniversity. Pearson correlation coefficient, mean difference test (t-test) and one– side variance analysis test used were used for hypotheses testing, and todetermine social factors related to the rate of social commitment, the multipleregression analysis was used. The result obtained from hypotheses testingshows that there is a significant relationship between social satisfaction,gender, age and type of faculty as independent variables, and socialcommitment as dependent variable of the research

This study has been conducted on the basis of the quality-orientation ofstaff and its role in promoting the quality of educational services in IslamicAzad University of Bonab branch. The variables of this study are customerfocus, innovation, steady approach to the ideal situation, the importance ofappearances, employee’s patience and fortitude, group-orientation and goalorientationand its relation to the quality of educational services. The samplepopulation of this study is students and staff of Islamic Azad University ofBonab branch in 89-90 educational year. According to the results the coefficientB in regression test of the hypotheses in this study 434%, so it can be said thatabout 43% of the changes in dependent variable is explained by the changes independent variables. All research hypotheses with related tests and with .05error of measurement and 95% confidence level are confirmed statisticallysignificant.

The identity is considered as the soul and directions of components of thesociety. Results of some studies indicate that there are serious challenges innational identity in one hundred years. Also today, the relationship between themedia and the national identity is considered by scholars and thinkers. Theresearch method is measurement and correlation and a questionnaire with Alfacoefficient of 0.82 was used to collect data. The sample population is allstudents on 90-91 educational year. Five hundred students were selected bystratified sampling. Data analysis is conducted by descriptive statistics whichincludes: frequency tables, mean, variance and testing hypotheses, r Pearson,the mean difference test and variance. The results show that there is ameaningful relationship between the using of media and national identity. Theuse of media increase national identity and the use of mobile and internetdecrease it. National identity does not show meaningful differences based onresidency and educational fields and also they are identical between male andfemale students.