Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume:8 Issue: 5, May 2018

Obesity and inactivity have led to an increasing number of individuals with sexual dysfunctions (43% of women; 31% of men). Small bouts of exercise can drastically improve sexual functioning. Thus, the present study is designed to examine the effects of physical fitness and self‑concept on sexual functioning.

Fitness assessments and questionnaires were administered to 133 participants between the ages of 18 and 50 years. Physical fitness was assessed through body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Self‑concept was presented as a total self‑concept score and as six individual concepts of self. Sexual function was presented as both an aggregate score and five separate constructs of sexual functioning – fantasy/cognition, arousal, orgasm, behavior/experience, and drive/desire.

The results indicated that sexual behavior/experience was predicted by body fat percentage. In men, fantasy was related to total self‑concept; sexual behavior/experience was related to likeability. In women, arousal was predicted by cardiovascular endurance. Total self‑concept was related to both orgasm and sex drive/desire. Power and muscular strength were significantly related to number of sexual partners in women but not men.

The present study adds to the growing body of evidence indicating a positive relationship between physical fitness and sexual health. Individuals with sexual dysfunctions, particularly women, who are not persuaded by the currently publicized benefits of physical activity, may be inclined to exercise to improve sexual functioning.

Assessing various therapeutic methods with the intention to decrease the problems relevant to abused children is of high significance. Accordingly, the present study seeks to compare the effectiveness of trauma‑focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF.CBT) with an emphasis on the theory of mind on posttraumatic growth and emotional regulation strategies in abused children.

This quasi‑randomized clinical trial study was done on 39 abused children who referred to welfare organization centers in Ahvaz – Iran. After randomized allocation, the TF. CBT and theory of mind method were implemented for two groups. Before and after the interventions, posttraumatic growth and emotional regulation strategies were assessed with using Kilmer’s posttraumatic growth inventory and Garnefski emotional regulation questionnaire.

The study findings indicated that the mean of the posttraumatic growth and adaptive and maladaptive emotional regulation strategies in the TF.CBT group was significantly higher than that of other study groups (P < 0.001).

TF.CBT can lead to increased levels of posttraumatic growth and improve emotional regulation strategies in abused children. Theory of mind method can also be effective in improving emotional regulation strategies.

According to the research mission of the librarianship and information sciences field, it is necessary to have the ability to communicate constructively between the user of the information and information in these students, and it appears more important in medical librarianship and information sciences because of the need for quick access to information for clinicians. Considering the role of spiritual intelligence in capability to establish effective and balanced communication makes it important to study this variable in librarianship and information students. One of the main factors that can affect the results of any research is conceptual model of measure variables. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was codification of spiritual intelligence measurement model.

This correlational study was conducted through structural equation model, and 270 students were opted from library and medical information students of nationwide medical universities by simple random sampling and responded to the King spiritual intelligence questionnaire (2008). Initially, based on the data, the model parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood method; then, spiritual intelligence measurement model was tested by fit indices. Data analysis was performed by Smart‑Partial Least Squares software.

Preliminary results showed that due to the positive indicators of predictive association and t‑test results for spiritual intelligence parameters, the King measurement model has the acceptable fit and internal correlation of the questionnaire items was significant. Composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha of parameters indicated high reliability of spiritual intelligence model.

The spiritual intelligence measurement model was evaluated, and results showed that the model has a good fit, so it is recommended that domestic researchers use this questionnaire to assess spiritual intelligence.

Breast milk provides nutritional, immunological, behavioral, and economic benefits and helps to build mother‑infant bonding. Antenatal mothers need to be sufficiently aware about the benefits of breastfeeding.

The aim of this study is to assess the awareness and perception of breastfeeding among antenatal mothers and to find out any association between sociodemographic factors and breastfeeding awareness.

A cross‑sectional study was conducted among 250 antenatal women residing in the urban slums of field‑practice area of urban health and training center; using a predesigned, pretested, semi‑structured interview schedule. Antenatal checkup followed by one to one counseling for the women regarding breastfeeding was provided. Data were represented by frequencies, proportions, and associations using Chi‑square, and the P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Most (55.6%) of the women were in the age group of 18–24 years. The mean age at marriage was 19.2 ± 2.5 years. 81.2% of them were Hindus, 13.2% had adequate, 49.6% had moderately adequate, whereas 37.2% women had inadequate awareness about breastfeeding. About 100% intended to breastfeed their children, but only 64% said that they intended to exclusively breastfeed. 66.4% knew about the importance of colostrum. Age‑group, religion, literacy, occupation, type of family, gravida, and number of antenatal visits showed highly significant (P < 0.001) association with awareness of breastfeeding.

Nearly one‑third of the antenatal mothers lacked awareness on breastfeeding practices. Although all intended to breastfeed, still only 64% knew about exclusive breastfeeding. These gaps need to be addressed by awareness generation activities during antenatal counseling.

Physically disabled people experience more restrictions in social activities than healthy people, which are associated with lower level of well‑being and poor quality of life (QoL). STUDY DESIGN: A cross‑sectional study was conducted

This study was investigated on among 302 eligible physically disabled people. The predictive role of the demographics and clinical characteristics, anxiety and depression, physical activity, and self‑efficacy on the 36‑Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‑36) was examined. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis used univariate and multivariate regression models.

Gender, self‑reported physical activity levels, use of the disability aid tools, and depression were significantly predictors of the physical component summary (PCS) (R2 = 0.20, P < 0.001). We realized that anxiety, depression, and self‑efficacy could significantly predict the mental component summary (MCS) (R2 = 0.43, P < 0.001).

Study results revealed that four and three variables could predict 20% and 43% of PCS and MCS variations, respectively. These findings warranted the detection of QoL risk factors and establishment of targeted interventions to optimize the health‑related QoL among physically disabled people.

Timed up‑and‑go (TUG) test is a valid, reliable, and an objective test for quantifying functional mobility and assessing the fall risk in all age groups. The analysis of patient scores on TUG test is limited by lack of data, having a wide range of performance scores among people without disabilities.

The objective of the study was to provide the reference value for TUG test in healthy individuals of Gujarat, India.

It was a cross‑sectional observational study. Five hundred and twenty healthy individuals, aged 40–70 years, were recruited from various regions of Gujarat based on convenient sampling. All the participants were made to perform TUG test in a controlled environment in community. Three readings of the actual test were obtained and averaged.

Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, confidence intervals (CIs 95%) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) with α = 0.05 by age groups (40–50, 51–60, and 61–70 years) and gender. The mean (CI 95%) TUG time for healthy adults of Gujarat was 8.46 (8.35–8.57) s and demonstrated age‑related decline for both male and female participants. TUG time also demonstrated strong correlation with the height of individuals.

This preliminary data can be used as a reference only for specific population with specific age groups due to variability in test results among the different population due to age, gender, anthropometric measures such as height, weight, and body mass index, geographical variation, nutritional support, and cognitive status.

Providing health promotion and communication learning opportunities for medical students practising their theoretical information into action, addressing the health problems, and trying to find suitable and feasible interventions is very much neededto learn and experience directly about healthrelated behavior in the community. Health promotion practice of PRECEDE‑PROCEED model, is used as the foundation of this Family Outreach and Empowerment Program (FOEP). This study aims to implement and evaluate FOEP as an effective health promotion learning model for undergraduate medical students.

Two hundred and forty‑four medical students joined the program for the whole weeks. The reports were evaluated to assess their activities throughout the process. Evaluation was done using the assessment checklists based on PRECEDE‑PROCEED framework. Data collected from the assessment will be processed and analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program.

Two hundred and forty‑four report’s has been evaluated, the report’s scores in the category very good is 136, good 64, enough 26, bad 12 and very bad 6. The main problem in FOEP is behavior (37,6%) and the most alternate intervention choosen is education (232).

The most intervention used by students for FOEP was education because it has been proven that can demonstrate feasibility, effectivity, increase knowledge control, and self‑efficacy among disease.

Student’s reports was already satisfied.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the emergence of periodic one or more symptoms of symptoms before menstruation and in the first few days of menstruation. Lifestyle is one of the series of factors that affect the health of people. Activity, smoking, and food intake are factors associated with lifestyle, and evidence suggests that women and girls with PMS do not have an adequate life span. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with PMS in female high school students.

This cross‑sectional correlation study was conducted in 200 female high school students in Sabzevar city using multistage random sampling in the academic year of 2016–2017. Data gathering tools include the temporary diagnostic questionnaire of the PMS, and Beck Depression questionnaire ; the nonresonant tape was accurate to 0.1 cm and the digital scale was accurate to 0.1 kg. We analyzed the data using SPSS software and Mann–Whitney U‑test.

The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between PMS and fried foods (P = 0.017), sweet drink (P = 0.018), fast food (P = 0.048), fruit (P = 0.012), no habitual exercise (P = 0.006), family history of PMS (P = 0.002), hip circumference (P = 0.04), and body mass index (P = 0.04).

There is a relationship between PMS and some anthropometric indices and nutritional/ metabolic factors. Therefore, having a proper lifestyle is effective in reducing PMS

Sexual health is one of the key factors to sustain marital life and having a good sexual function. On the other hand, temperament affects sexual function. Training is also one of the basic foundations for promoting sexual health. Therefore, the researcher has designed and implemented a study (2017) aimed “determining the study of educational package on sexual function in cold temperament women of reproductive age.”

This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 80 women in two groups (40 in each group). This study was done, in available method, on no pregnant women aged 20–40 years old that referred to health centers in Mashhad. DASS 21 sexual function and determining temperament questionnaires were completed in two groups before intervention. At first, the sexual function training package was held by the researcher at 6 sessions (twice a week for 3 weeks) that was based on nutrition, sport, and lifestyle axes. The control group also received routine care. A week after intervention finished, all the units completed a sexual function questionnaire. The results were analyzed by these techniques as SPSS software (version 16) and statistical tests such as Independent t‑test, T‑pair, Mann–Whitney, Chi‑square, and Fisher’s exact test.

At the beginning of the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the personal characteristics and the mean score of sexual function and all its dimensions in the two groups. The mean sexual performance score and all its dimensions after intervention were significantly different in intervention and control groups P < 0.001. Sexual function and all its dimensions were improved after intervention in the intervention group.

Giving sexual function package has improved the sexual function of cold temperament women. So, for routine caring of cold temperament women, it is better that health center employees consider this training package as an effective, easy, available, nonpharmacological, and economic intervention.

Antibiotics are considered the most commonly sold drugs in developing countries. In India, these drugs are very much accessible without a prescription. This irrational and misuse of antibiotics results not only in the emergence of resistance of bacterial strains but also leads to adverse reactions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotics usage among dental patients.

Study design: This study was a cross‑sectional design; a prevalidated structured questionnaire comprising 24 questions was used. SAMPLE SIZE: Six hundred and ten patients visiting a dental hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, were included in the study.

The dental patients involved in self‑medication were more than 70%. 80.2% of the study group opted selection of antibiotics from their previous prescription from dental or medical professional. Adverse effects were faced by 7.8% of patients on taking self‑medication. The study group was aware of the common dental procedures such as extraction and root canal treatment in which antibiotics were commonly prescribed. Half of the patients (53.8%) do not know the term antibiotic misuse, and 43.3% of the group opted antibiotic misuse to be unacceptable.

The study revealed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the patients about self‑medication in the Indian scenario. There is need for health‑care professionals and government bodies to enlighten the public about the harmful effects of self‑medication with antibiotics to overcome the antibiotic resistance.

It is essential to adjust the responsibilities and function of medical education offices (MEOs) in regard to the current societal requirements. Therefore, it is a good idea to learn lessons from the experiences about the establishment and function of these offices around the world. The aim of the present study was to carry out a comparative study to investigate the function and structure of MEOs at some of the medical universities from America, Europe, and Asia.

This is a comparative, descriptive study that was conducted in 2015. Eleven offices around the world (in America, Europe, and Asia) were selected for the study. Expert group discussion and literature review were used in order to select research sample. The data were gathered using self‑constructed checklists. Content and face validity of the checklist was assessed by gathering feedback from experts. The Kappa coefficient was used to determine the inter‑rater reliability.

All the 11 offices in our study (100%) dealt with the issues of faculty development and research and scholarship activities. Only one out of the 11 offices (27%) dealt with the issues of society and patient education. Five out of the 11 offices (36%) dealt with the continuing medical education and continuing professional development. Consultation services are provided at seven of the 11 offices (64%).

This study revealed both commonalities and differences in the function and structure of MEO among the 11 offices we examined. Based on this study, effective goals and strategies for MEO can be recommended.

Infertility requires long‑term care and treatments which would influence different aspects of health including the mental health of infertile women. The present study was conducted to determine strategies for psychological empowerment of infertile women. This systematic review was performed on previously conducted clinical trials. To achieve the intended studies, databases of Magiran, Scientific Information Database, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science and also Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website were searched using “infertility and infertile women” as the keywords. The inclusion criteria were being an interventional study and assessing the psychological status of infertile women. Performed studies in Iran with no time limitations were evaluated. Based on the Jadad criteria, studies with a score of 3 or more were enrolled in the systematic review. After assessing the quality of the studies, 21 studies were enrolled in the review for final evaluation. Reviewing the conducted studies showed that educational and counseling interventions could be effective in improving the aspects of psychological well‑being of infertile women. Existing evidence revealed that applying coping strategies is effective in improving the quality of life in infertile women, which consequently lead to the improvement of psychological empowerment of infertile women.

Self‑management leads to blood glucose control and reduced morbidity and mortality in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Different factors affect the self‑management whose role and effect are still unknown. Among the influential factors whose effect is vague are spiritual intelligence, and this study aims to investigate the predictive role of spiritual intelligence in diabetes management.

In this descriptive‑correlation study, 200 adolescents with type 1 diabetes were enrolled. To measure spiritual intelligence, the 24‑question SISRI questionnaire and to measure self‑management of diabetes, the SMOD‑A questionnaire (48 questions) were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18 using linear regression analysis tests. Data collection was conducted by simple sampling.

Mean score of self‑management of diabetes and spirituality was 86.1 ± 15.1 and 60.42 ± 12.9, respectively. Linear regression test (ANOVA: 0.002, F = 9.839) showed effect on diabetes self‑management (β: 0.218).

This study showed that spiritual intelligence can predict diabetes self‑management, though poorly predicted, and by strengthening it, has a decisive role in improving the health of adolescents with diabetes. Considering the findings of this study, a new window of nurses’ performance in managing diabetes based on the promotion of spiritual intelligence in the educational, care, counseling, and support roles of nursing science can be opened.