نشریه اسلام و پژوهش های روان شناختی
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 14، پاییز و زمستان 1399)

The purpose of this study was to "develop a model of assertiveness based on Islamic sources." The present study is a theoretical descriptive-analytical research and the data collection method is based on library studies. To evaluate the content validity quantitatively, two relative content validity coefficients (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used. The result of the study in religious teachings was the extraction of 17 concepts related to the components of assertiveness, which were presented to twelve religious and psychological experts. After review by experts, ten concepts were confirmed as components of assertiveness and seven concepts were removed. One of the achievements of this research is to reach a new definition of assertiveness. Identifying the differences between the religion of Islam and Western schools in the purpose and motivation of assertiveness, positions of assertiveness, differences in defining key concepts such as rights and rights, power and strength of rights and comprehensiveness of rights in Islam is another part of research achievements.

The purpose of this study is to develop a fairness training package to reduce marital conflicts based on Islamic sources. The research method is qualitative content analysis. Among Islamic sources and authentic religious and hadith books, 7 components of self-identification were extracted, the ability to assume self-balancing, selfishness, selfishness, altruism, other precedence, and meeting reasonable and legitimate expectations for justice. Then, using the conceptual analysis method, the components of fairness are analyzed and using quantitative methods, the validity of the content of the educational package is examined. Therefore, to evaluate the validity of the components, along with their sources, a form was prepared using CVI and CVR index. That form was exposed to the opinions and opinions of experts with doctoral degrees in psychology and guidance and counseling. The results showed that the four components of self-identification were confirmed, the ability to assume self-scaling, self-satisfaction of things, self-dislike of things. Based on Islamic sources, for each of the components, techniques were developed as the content of educational package sessions with the aim of reducing marital conflicts. Experts evaluated the content of the training package; Using CVI index, all techniques were confirmed.

The present research aims at recognizing the principles of family therapy based on Islamic resources. The research, which is a foundational-theoretical one, uses a descriptive-analytical method and gathers data from Islamic resources to answer the questions on the nature of the principles of family therapy. To compose the research, we have inferred the principles from the Quran and the traditions. The final findings of the research show that the family therapy based on the Islamic sources enjoys the followings: God-centerism, modeling on the Prafet and the Imams, imploration, belief in resurrection, optimism, patience and resistance, relisiosity, cleanness and purity, chastity, respectingone’s wife and children, gratitude, flexibility in life (compromise and leniency, forgiveness and mercy, apology and excuse), preserving the family’s status and observing family’s limits, tolerance and tactics, accepting criticisms, healthy dialogue and accompaniment, civility and affection, sympathy, agreement and mutual understanding, honesty, sincerity and trustworthiness, negating violence, consultation, judgment, right fulfillment of sexual desire, reasonable management of family, nurturing children, observing other’s rights and performing one’s duties, women’s obeying their husbands, Islamic behavior towards one’s spouse, liability towards giving up the harmful factors, observing the jurisprudential and moral limits in family therapy. Besides, the duties and rights of the family members and family impairments were extracted from Islamic sources and presented in the discussion.

The purpose of this study is to identify spirituality in three dimensions of meaning, scope and functions in psychology and Islam. According to the purpose of the research, psychological sources related to religion and spirituality as well as verses of the Qur'an, narrations and works of Muslim thinkers were referred to and the data were extracted and compared and analyzed descriptively-analytically. Findings showed that spirituality in psychology is a psychological state that includes characteristics such as insight, understanding of unity, inner integrity, feeling of wonder, feeling of excellence, feeling of acceptance, disconnection, love and compassion, gratitude for the blessings of life and feeling of meaning. But spirituality in Islam is a state that is realized in connection with the existence of God Almighty and includes the components of knowing God, believing in the Creator, feeling belonging to the Creator, and doing action for God, comprehensive understanding of His presence and understanding of nearness to God. It was also found that the functions of spirituality in psychology in the areas of physical and mental health are the effect on happiness, personality and healing, reducing pain and esoteric satisfaction. From the Islamic point of view, functions such as relaxation and reduction of suffering are related to common spirituality, but Islamic spirituality has specific functions such as lasting pleasure, genuine meaning to life and closeness to the Creator, which is not mentioned in spirituality in psychology.

The mother is one of the most influential people in the life and personality of the child. Mothers’ employment can have different consequences and effects on their children’s mental health. The purpose of this study is to identify the consequences of mothers’ employment on parenting up to the age of three based on the opinions and research of educational scientists. According to the purpose, the type of research is a review study and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research The articles and researches of the last ten years with related keywords were in the Normags database, the database of the Jihad University Scientific Information Center and the comprehensive humanities portal. First, articles and researches were collected and then their contents were categorized and analyzed. Findings showed that mothers’ employment has adverse effects on the child’s psychosocial development, the formation of attachment, anxiety, sleep, emotional development, self-confidence and role modeling, and the child is harmed in the early years of childhood. In addition, it increases the child’s vulnerability in later years and adolescence. Therefore, it can be concluded that mothers’ employment, although it has benefits; However, it has adverse effects on the developmental process of children, especially their emotional development, and increases the vulnerability of children in the early years of childhood

In an Islamic society, it is desirable that “heresy” be a social norm, the requirement of being a social norm is that acting on it be the norm; Anyone who opposes it will be rejected by society. The purpose of this study is to develop strategies for institutionalizing heresy according to Islamic, psychological and sociological teachings. The data collection of this research has been done conceptually and theoretically by studying the sources and analyzing them; Findings showed that strategies such as “awareness”, “social normalization” and “application of external executive guarantees (rules)”, “different learning styles”, “methods of changing attitudes”, “observational learning and pattern presentation”, “creating cognitive inconsistency” On secularism ” to institutionalize heresy. It is recommended that educational experts and cultural institutions use these strategies to institutionalize heresy.