International Journal of Hospital Research
Volume:10 Issue: 3, Summer 2021

The purpose of this study was to present an indigenous model of ethical competency of public health sector nanagers of the oil industry by identifying and introducing the dimensions and components of ethical competences of managers.

The qualitative research method has been used in order to design this model. In the qualitative phase, and in order to identity the effective components in the ethical competence of public health sector managers of the oil industry, library studies and theoretical basis.  

findings of related research have been used and the basis pattern of research has been designed. The template review was also carried out with the participation of a panel consisting 30 management experts and university professors in Delphi panel.

This model has been explained in three- dimension Factors which are visional- attitudinal had 6 components, background-structural had 7 components, and action – behavioral had 16 components. Also, In general, 65 indexes have been considered to evaluate these dimensions and components.

The purpose of this study was to test and present a causal model of psychological self-esteem based on self-knowledge and feelings of shame and guilt, with self-critical mediation and compassion in three groups of healthy individuals, autoimmune patients and non-autoimmune patients in Bandar Abbas.

The design of this study is correlational. The statistical population of the present post-event study included 360 patients including 120 patients with autoimmune diseases, 120 patients with non-autoimmune diseases referring to the Great Prophet's Therapeutic Complex in Bandar Abbas in 2019, and 120 healthy individuals. In the present study, autoimmune patients will be selected by simple or accessible sampling (easy sampling). All subjects will complete a self-report questionnaire, personal feelings (shame and guilt), compassion, and self-criticism. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and correlation) were used for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, Spearman-Brown split, and Gutman split will be used to determine validity and reliability.

The analyzes of the underlying assumptions of structural equation modeling as well as broader and more sophisticated analyzes will be performed to evaluate the fitness of the proposed model, all of which will be applied through statistical equation modeling, using maximum likelihood estimation. Indirect path relations will also be used by the proposed method of Baron and Kenny and Cohen and Cohen. In the proposed model of the present study, psychological self-destruction based on self-knowledge (dependent variable) as a latent variable, variables of feelings of shame and guilt (independent variable), as exogenous variables and variables of self-compassion and self-criticism, as endogenous or mediating variables defined.

The results showed that feelings of shame and guilt and self-criticism bears a positive and significant relation with self-destruction based on self-knowledge, and self-compassion bears a negative and significant relation with self-destruction based on self-knowledge. The average of feelings of shame and guilt and self-destruction based on self-knowledge in men is higher than women, and the average of self-criticism in women is higher than men. The findings were discussed in accordance with the teleological coherence’s hypothesis in the coordinated function of the immunological, neurological and psychological systems and the basis for designing appropriate cognitive therapies for autoimmune patients.

The results showed a relatively good fit of the data model. The mediating effect of self-criticism and self-compassion on the relationship between self-destruction and feelings of shame and guilt was also confirmed.

Our prime objective is to evaluate the significant impact of MRI on the diagnosis of osseous spinal metastasis and secondly to be distinguished from other pathologies that may mimic spinal metastasis.

This prospective cross section study was carried out in MRI department of both Diagnostic Imaging Center /Sulimani Teaching Hospital & Shahid Heman Teaching Hospital of Sulimani Governorate -Kurdistan Region -Iraq, from November 2016 until August 2017. A total number of 100 (54 male and 46 female) consecutive patients were involved. MRI examination was conducted by 1.5 Tesla MRI; Siemens (Magnetom Harmony Symphony Sonata Version) & Philips (Achieva 2007). The age of patients was ranging between (16-82 years) with mean age for spinal metastasis was (53.5 years). Tissue diagnosis was depended for the final diagnosis of spinal metastasis.

The results revealed that spinal metastatic lesions were predominantly from CA breast & CA prostate accounting for (26 %) & (15 %) in female & male respectively, while other primary tumors include; bronchogenic carcinoma (10%), NHL in (7%), renal cell carcinoma in (4 %) and colonic cancer in (3%). The most frequent location of spinal metastasis was in a descending order, i.e. dorsal, lumbar, cervical and sacral were affected in rate of (68%, 26%, 4 % and 2%) respectively, with an incidence around (100%) for vertebral body metastases, followed by (32%) for pedicles, and only (2%) of laminae and cost vertebral junction. Ninety six percent or (96%) of patients had multiple vertebral involvement, (64%) of them were contagious, (10%) were non-contagious, (22%) were combined, while patterns of spinal metastatic lesions were osteolytic In (70%) of patients with spinal metastasis, osteosclerotic in (11%), and (19%) was mixed. Eighty (80%) out of 100 patients were of focal multiple patterns, while 15 patients (15%) showed diffuse bone marrow changes, and five patients (5%) had focal solitary pattern. Vertebral body collapse was seen in 34% of patients, while non showed intervertebral disc involvement even in infection cases.

It was concluded from the current study that the overall MRI accuracy for detection of spinal metastasis was 93%.

Cancer is known as one of the most common causes of death in the world and the number of patients is increasing every year. Cancer is a major cause of death in the world.

Due to the problems of using conventional methods of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, including the resistance of cancer cells to some chemotherapy drugs and having side effects and toxicity of these drugs on healthy tissues, it seems necessary to provide new solutions for specific and more effective cancer treatment. Immune glubloin-based treatments have become particularly crucial in the treatment of cancer. Today, the use of recombinant proteins that can track, identify and destroy specific tissues and cells is of interest to researchers.

The result of the research was the discovery of a type of intelligent hybrid proteins called immunotoxins.

In this study we provided a review of the biological and clinical applications of immunotoxins in treatment of cancer. immunotoxins indicated that can act against cancer tissues. Immunotoxins might be effective in removing circulating tumor cells with large amounts of antigens.

Nowadays, irradiation thyroid is very important as an acute organ in CT scans of the brain. Due to the increasing usage of CT scans for diagnosing diseases, the purpose of this Research is to evaluate the received dose from the eye and thyroid in brain CT scans.

In this research, while performing CT scan of the brain for irradiation of thyroid and eye were examined in phantom and patients by using Thermo luminescence Dosimetry dosimeter in Shahid Modares Hospital. The dosimeters were placed on the surface of the organs in the X-ray field.

In this study, the absorbed dose of sensitive eye and thyroid was read by the reader in terms of Nanocollen and then converted to mSv by using a calibration curve. In the 3 patient's brain CT scans, the average of received dose from the left eye was 29.13 mSv, the average of received dose from the right eye was 27.51 mSv and the average of received dose from thyroid was 46.08 mSv. In 3 phantom brain CT scans, the average received dose from the right eye is 26.35 mSv, the average received dose from the left phantom eye is 25.71 mSv and the average received dose from the phantom thyroid is 35.22 mSv.

According to the results, the received dose in patients and phantom are numerically close to each other. It is suggested that phantoms be used instead of the patient in dosimetry research.

Hemodialysis (HD) is a life-saving treatment for End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients who have lost both kidneys. Despite that central venous catheter (CVC) placement is a common vascular access to be able to do HD, but risk of cardiovascular diseases, including stroke in patients with ESRD is 5–30 times greater than that in the general population. Specially, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is one of significant complications after CVC insertion and the average annual stroke incidence is reported 19.5 per 10000 [person-years] in 2019. So, it is important to understand the set of factors that affect the incidence of CVA in this vulnerable population of patients. 

468 HD patients who underwent vascular access surgery over 2013-2018 in Hasheminejad Kidney Center were studied included 368 cuffed tunneled CVC and 100 non-cuffed CVC.

Studied patients aged 12-86 (mean age, 54.85) years, containing 324 females and 144 males, during 5 years. Finally, 19 patients (4.06% of all HD patients) with CVA identified. Of these, more than three fourths, 15 (78.95%) and 12 (63.16%), of them were hypertensive and diabetic, respectively, with an overall proportion 52.63% (10 individuals) of them were males and the remaining were females. One of CVA patients has 37 years and the rest of the patients are 50 to 73 years old (mean = 61). Risk factor of CVA most is happened in HD patients with CVC insertion before AVF (16 of 19 =84.21%).

There was no occasion to emphasize on young or old ages as the warning signs of stroke in HD patients. But it was concluded that “CVC placement before AVF”, “hypertension” and “diabetes mellitus” are CVA risk factors, respectively; and eventually "In ESRD patients, CVC placement can increase Risk of CVA incident" the investigators conclude. Funding: This work was supported by the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) in post-doctoral course of the first author (MR-NNA-97006815)

Physical deficiency is associated with reduced cognitive capacity and diminished quality of life as a result of extended muscle failure and Intensive Care Unit-acquired weakness. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has become an alternative to exercise in chronically ill patients.Based on the available evidence, we aim to evaluate the efficacy NMES program for ICU admitted patients.

The present research is a retrospective case-control study in a multi-center study testing an NMES program for ICU admitted patients. In the present study, sampling was based on the census method and, 74 people were in the control group and 74 people were in the group receiving the NEMS program. This program was piloted in 3 months in the hospital. Patients in the case group got exposure to 45 min per day for 10 days after being 7 days admitted in ICU, a Synchronized impulse at a frequency of 30 Hz on the quadriceps. To assess the effect of the NMES program effect on Quadriceps, the MRC score was used at the discharge time. Also, ICU length of stay, daily GCS, mechanical ventilation duration were recorded. Statistical tests of independent T-test and Chi-square were used to assess the data. P-value under 0.05 was considered significant.

The mean age in the NMES group and the control group was 53.24 ± 12.1 and 57.24 ± 15.3, respectively, but there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of mean age between the study groups (P> 0.05). In the NMES group, 23 patients (31.08%) and in the control group, 24 patients (32.43%) were female. In the NMES group, 31.08% of patients had muscle weakness at discharge time and the number of these subjects in the NMES group was significantly lower than the control group as 32.43% of the control group had muscle weakness (p = 0.014). The mean days of MV duration in NMES and control groups were 12.8 ± 3.1 and 11.7 ± 2.7 days, respectively (p> 0.05). based on the trend analysis, the mean GCS score in the control and case groups had no significant difference (p> 0.05).  

We conclude that the NMES program can prevent the muscle weakness of patients discharged from the ICU, while the implementation of this program doesn't reduce the duration of hospitalization of patients in the ICU.

Pregnant women are at risk for complications from all viruses, especially coronavirus infection (Covid 19). The study reported care and Successful Pregnancy in a Couple that suffers from Covid-19.

Evaluation of clinical symptoms, performing clinical and paraclinical tests .

A 35-year-old pregnant woman (34 weeks) with his husband a 36-year-old man presented to our hospital for corona disease. The case was discussed between the gynecologist, Infectious disease specialist, and nursing staff. Her fetus was in a hypoxic situation but manages for four days still that mother's condition was rationally stabled caesarian section performed. Eventually, the parents were isolated again, and the baby was transferred to NICU. Fetal distress and premature rupture of the membrane were seen. Alkaline Phosphate raised to 339 U/L. THE Neonate PCR test was negative.

Even though the baby's parents were infected with the coronavirus (Covid 19), the laboratory and clinical results of the infant were negative and the infant was not infected. With teamwork, and special nursing care all the family discharge from the hospital.