فصلنامه پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی
سال چهاردهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1399)

Covid-19 has had a significant impact on spouses' relationships. The high mortality rate from this disease is also a serious challenge. The aim of study was to identify and investigate the differences between the life experiences of healthy spouses and mourning spouses during the corona virus epidemic. The research method was qualitative interpretive phenomenology. The statistical population was all healthy spouses of Tehran and Khorasan Razavi provinces, who have not been infected with the disease since the beginning of the outbreak and all spouses of these two provinces who lost their spouses due to corona virus. The sample included 9 healthy and 8 mourning spouses. The available sampling method was used for healthy spouses and the targeted and snowball method was used for mourning spouses. Interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner, then implemented verbatim and analyzed by Colaizzi method. 4 main themes were identified in the experiences of both groups: worries, personal reactions, changes in social relationships and changes in attitudes. The main differences were in the sub-themes (e.g., illness concerns for healthy spouses and worries about survival for mourning spouses) and were similar in main themes due to the commonality of the questions.

Cyberbullying defined as a willful and repeated harm inflicted through computer, cell phones and other electronic devices. In this article prevalence of cyberbullying and demographic characteristic of persons who involved in this phenomenon had been studied. 425 boys and girls in Kermanshah’s high school with cluster randomized procedure had been selected. Prevalence of cyberbullying was 7.7 percent, cybervictimization was 10.9 percent, cyberbully-victim was 31.4 percent and 50.0 percent of the students wasn’t involved. Result of demographic characteristics showed that more than half of boys and less than half of girls were involved in cyberbully. Students who involved in cyberbully had lower family religious status and reported worse parent-child relationship. They also had more daily internet use and using social network is what they do most in the internet. Results of other demographic characteristic is shown in their own tables. Prevalence of cyberbullying and cybervictimization is aligned with other countries but cyberbully-victims rates are higher. Results of some of demographic characteristics showed pretty interesting differences that must be considered in future studies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural model of explaining non-suicidal self-harming behaviors based on perfectionism and traumatic experiences with the mediating role of psychological hardiness. The design of the present study was applied and correlational research by structural equation modeling. Among all undergraduate students in Tehran universities, 529 (411 girls and 118 boys) were selected by cluster random sampling. They all completed questionnaires on self-harm, moral perfectionism, traumatic experiences, and psychological hardiness. Pearson correlation methods and structural equation modeling using SPSSV19 and AMOSV18 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that both the variables of moral perfectionism and traumatic experiences had direct and significant effects on psychological toughness and self-harming behaviors. Psychological hardiness also had a direct and significant effect on self-harming behaviors. In addition, the results showed that the two variables of moral perfectionism and traumatic experiences have an indirect and significant effect on self-harming behaviors (P <0.01). Finally, the results of this study showed that moral perfectionism and harmful experiences have a significant effect on self-harming behaviors due to stubbornness, and therefore the knowledge of psychologists, counselors and other experts about this model to improve self-harming behaviors can be helpful.

Due to the great importance of mental health students screening and lack of an appropriate native tool that was prepared based on prevalent psychopathological problems in students, the aim of this study was to provide an Short Scale-Electronic Secondary Adolescent Mental Health Problems-Teacherchr('39')s Edition.The purpose of the present study was to conduct a descriptive survey in terms of purpose of applied research. The statistical population of this study was second year high school students in Sivik province in the year 1396-97 with a total of 3761 students.

The results of item analysis showed that most items have the necessary conditions for tool presence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the eight-item 40-item model could be considered as the most appropriate scale factor structure. Factor correlation coefficients ranged from 0.7 to 0.94, and item-to-item correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.82. Also, the coefficients of correlation between short and long-range factors were between 0.65 and 0.97.

It can be concluded that the resulting psychometric properties indicate the suitability of the short form of psychological health questionnaire for screening practices in the student population.

The aim of this study was to describe and compare the lived experience of middle-aged people with the phenomenon of Covid-19 and quarantine experience in the first and second peaks of the disease. This qualitative study was done by descriptive phenomenological method. 10 middle-aged participants (41 to 65 years old) chosen by purposive sampling method and were interviewed in depth during two peaks of corona in Iran. Data were saturated with interviews with 7 people and to ensure more interviews, up to 10 people were continued. Data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi’s method. The present study achieved 10 main themes and 28 sub-themes. Key topics included first encounter, worries, beliefs, dealing, the role of religion, family relationships, existential concerns, growth post-corona and the experience of infecting relatives. It seems that in the first peak of Corona, middle-aged people experienced anxiety, which over time, decreased by turning to religion, the principles of hygiene and avoidance. The remarkable point of the present study is that middle-aged people have experienced more acceptance of the crisis and the resulting situation than experiencing growth and change in the two corona peaks. In fact, middle-aged people try to adjust to their.

The aim of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the Dias, Compos, Almeida and Palha (2018) Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ) and to examine its psychometric properties. For this purpose, 346 undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students of Shahroud University were selected in the academic year of 1998-99 through the available sampling and completed the Persian version of the MHLQ (2018), Attitude Scale - Fischer and Farina (1995) -Short Form, questionnaire, Health Anxiety inventory - Salkovskis & Warwick -Short Form (2002), and Beck Depression Questionnaire. The results of compound reliability for all subscales were more than 0.5, which indicates the desired reliability of the scale. CVR was more than 0.62 percent and the CVI was more than 0.75 percent, indicating the appropriate content validity of the scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor load of the items is more than 0.15 and all the routes from the items to the variable hidden at the level. 0.5 were significant and the scale had a good construct validity. An examination of the validity of the structure using CFA showed that the scale has a factor structure consisting of 4 subscales.

This study is an empirical case study aimed to survey the effectiveness of LEARN multifaceted stress management program in reducing perceived stress and improving irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The research sample, were two women with severe IBS selected from the ones having referred to gastroenteral subspecialist in Zafar area of Tehran, via convenience sampling method and based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. Perceived stress and severity of IBS symptoms were measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and GISR scale respectively, before intervention, during implementation and three months after the end of sessions. Findings analysis using graph drawing and remission index calculation represented the effectiveness of LEARN multifaceted stress management program in perceived stress reduction and IBS symptoms improvement. Also, this improvement was maintained in the range of 50% to 56%, in three-month follow-up after the intervention. Therefore, based on biopsychosocial model, due to effective components of LEARN multifaceted program, this program can be considered as a suitable treatment for IBS.