نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 43 (پاییز 1399)

One of the factors affecting Iran's low position in the field of aviation is the lack of qualified managers in aviation training centers. In this regard, the aim of this study was to identify and rank the factors affecting the promotion of training managers in the aviation industry with ORESTE technique.

The research method is applied and exploratory and has been done in two parts: quantitative and qualitative. The statistical population in the qualitative part were managers and experts in the aviation industry who were selected as the sample size by the theoretical saturation method. The statistical population in the quantitative part were the managers and  employees of Aseman Air, Mahan Air, Iran Air, Kish Air, that are based in Tehran in 2018, 250 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling method.Interviews were used to collect data in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative part, the validity of which was confirmed by experts and the reliability was checked with Cronbach's alpha (0.80).Then, the identified indicators were placed in the form of a pairwise comparison questionnaire and ranked using the ORESTE technique.

70 effective factors were identified from the theoretical literature and expert opinions, which In particular, has examined and ranked the competence of managers in order to promote them and the importance of each of the indicators.

The results showed that the first index of team building with a value of (1), the second index of delegation with a value of (0.840), the third index of writing skills (0.74).

The urban landscape is the totality of the mind, the interaction between man and the environment, and the mental image remains in the human mind. Urban landscape is a phenomenon that is revealed only through human experience in the interaction between man and the environment. Due to the importance of urban landscape, the purpose of this article is to analyze the visual-spatial quality of urban landscape over time in District 8 of Tehran.

This research is a content analysis that has been done by exploratory method. The data used by the municipality of the study area have been provided. In order to achieve the research indicators, first the spatial analysis indicators and then the visual quality indicators for District 8 of District 1 of Tehran have been studied. Indicators are recorded based on the assessment of the perceptual approach based on the observer's view (scenes and places) with the camera (on routes in the study area).

According to the obtained results, it can be noted that in each of the factors studied in the study area, one of the criteria in the form of the concept of time dimension, is more prominent. So that sometimes man-made factors dominate the environment more, and sometimes the natural factors of the environment with the presence of man-made factors have a more prominent presence in the environment.

In the evaluation of the present study, the studied paths in visual quality, path number 2 is more important, which requires planning and codified design to be able to revive the identifying elements of the area. Depending on the spatial characteristics of the study area, consecutive and related views lead to the creation of many three-dimensional values. These consecutive views, by moving from one direction to another, create a strong emphasis and impression on the observer.

The trend of rapid urbanization in the world, especially in developing countries and how to deal with globalization, is one of the most important issues in urban planning in Iran has faced a serious challenge. This issue has caused that in the past decades, urban planning in Iran has not been able to cope with the challenges of globalization and has become completely under its control. Deepening the increase of social capital in the society is one of the patterns of facing this challenge. This study seeks to explain the role of urban development programs in terms of considering the concept of social capital in the face of globalization and whether the negative effects of globalization can be by strengthening social capital in urban programs.

This is a descriptive-analytical study with a combined approach (quantitative and qualitative) and its unit in the qualitative dimension is the use of experts and managers in the field of urban planning in Tehran and in the quantitative dimension using the Cochran's formula, 356 cases The main document in this research is the latest comprehensive plan of Tehran.

This study shows that urban programs in the face of two types of "Bonding" and "Bridging" social capital, has led to an increase in restrictive social capital. And by creating groups that monopolize this plan, they have intensified the negative effects of globalization, such as the intensification of individuality, the intensification of the class divide, and so on.

By choosing a participatory approach, urban projects can strengthen the Bridging social capital at different levels and weaken the negative consequences of globalization.

The purpose of this study is to improve the educational needs assessment process of Mashhad municipal employees using a three-pronged model. In this model, organizations are examined from three structural, behavioral and contextual perspectives.

In terms of methodology, this research has a qualitative approach that has been done with the help of interview tools. The validity and reliability of the instrument have been confirmed by Goba and Lincoln criteria. Content analysis method has been used in the analysis of findings.

Statistical population: 

The statistical population of this research was the heads of planning departments and experts of transformation and modernization of Mashhad Municipality and the sample of the research is all these people.

In this study, by analyzing the interviews, injuries were identified in five categories of process injuries, methodological injuries, injuries related to participants and related to prioritization and scheduling of staff training in Mashhad Municipality.

The analysis of findings showed that the major injuries in all five categories based on the three-pronged model were more related to structural issues that require more coordination of educational needs assessment with the structure, strategies and rules of the organization.

Pseudo-Dionysius is one of the influential people in the emergence of the attitude to beauty with a Neoplatonic view and has complemented his speeches. Various artists are able to create a beautiful work by expanding and promoting his speeches. This study has been done to the aim of extracting the mentioned aesthetic components from the point of views of Pseudo-Dionysius and examines them in urban views.

Documentary studies in the field of beauty by analysis of Grand Theory and with a variety of coding, try to extract the Dionysius' components of beauty from various texts. The extracted components in the survey research, examine these components in urban views. The statistical population (views of residential houses in the metropolis of Tehran) in the quantitative part includes urban space users, which according to Morgan table, 373 users have been selected and in the qualitative part, targeted studies are performed based on optimal sampling. The research is a qualitative-quantitative combination in which the component is first extracted by Atlasti software and then it is examined by a questionnaire for the factor share of each component in Spss software.

Studies show that harmony, proportion, color equality, geometric shapes, comprehensibility all have a coefficient of determination (1.000) and were the first variables that entered the model and have the greatest relationship with the beauty of urban views. The multiplicity and abundance, with value (0.383), was also the last variable that entered the model and has the least relationship with the beauty of urban views.

In this study, the laws that form the basis and main core of proportions can be extracted from the writings of the Pseudo-Dionysius and examined in the case of urban views. It turned out that space audiences did not find beautiful for shapes and volumes that they could not understand or could not find a formal connection between its volumes. Being understandable to the extent that it can form a schema in the minds of the audience has a decisive role in creating the beauty of a work. Also, some solutions are suggested for the beauty productivity in urban views.

Today, lack of attention to ecological and environmental issues in the design of urban public spaces and the existence of a purely architectural attitude in the designs cause destroys the natural environment of cities and disturbs its order in the urban space. This in turn over time, the loss of identity of cities will reduce the readability and discomfort for city residents and it will dilute the relationship between public spaces and nature. Yousefabad neighborhood is located in District 6 as the identity card of Tehran. This neighborhood has had urban spaces with a high level of social interactions and the location of aqueducts and gardens in the past Which are now completely destroyed by urban development. The main purpose of the forthcoming research is Knowledge, analysis and environmental design of ecological infrastructure using the principle of connection between urban spaces and nature in the neighborhood of Yousefabad.

The type of research is quantitative-survey method. Component were analyzed by using 256 questionnaires among residents to examine the effect of public space criteria and connection with nature in ecological design and determining the degree of importance of each the component.

Based on the findings, the most important and the least important components are as green infrastructure as the most important indicator with a score of 7.87 and participation as the least important indicator with a score of 5.43

The results showed that green infrastructure is the most important indicator and participation is the least important indicator. Yousefabad neighborhood has not reached the balance between important and specific research components.  It can only be done by the potential of public spaces in the neighborhood to achieved a remarkable ecological network design.

The purpose of this study is to identify the cultural factors underlying the spread of divorce from the perspective of women in District One of Tehran Municipality. Descriptive research is survey, applied and mixed. The statistical population includes all women in district one of Tehran and the statistical sample includes 492 people according to the unlimited population with Cochran's formula. First, through semi-structured interviews with experts to obtain content validity, the cultural factors underlying divorce were extracted by Delphi method, and finally by preparing two questionnaires: a- researcher-made, b- proportionality of the research model and to obtain formal validity experimentally It was obtained from Cronbach's test with 0.97. Statistical analysis of the study was non-parametric binomial test, Friedman test and to determine the fit of the model, one-group t-test and confirmatory factor analysis and combined structural equations were used. Findings were generally examined with the approach of behavioral, structural, contextual (environmental) pathology, in the dimensions of individual, family, government and society, and each of the cultural factors, respectively; Inequality, lack of religious beliefs, cultural conflict, lifestyle, tourism, information and communication technology (cyberspace), education and lack of life skills training, life and urban luxuries, migration, cultural aggression and finally the media were identified and the management model A culture on individual behavior, family behavior, the structure of government institutions, the context of society was developed and presented to reduce divorce among women.