نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 20 (زمستان 1393)

Urban spaces refer to the man-made spaces which possess a special order for human behavior and activities. One of these spaces is the surrounding space of public transportation stations. The subway stations, although potentially encompass many different groups of people, few social interactions take place in these spaces. However, an appropriate designing of these spaces, as an interface between the inside and outside of the cities, can cause much more activities to be continued in the public places. In this regard, by making the surrounding areas of the subway stations be public space, the potential for increasing the socialization capacity of the mentioned spaces will be provided. Sadeghieh Subway Station can be considered as the most important subway station in Tehran, which on the one hand is the rail port of Tehran's western entrance, and on the other is the port for railway journeys inside the city. The main concern of this study is to assess the success or failure of the interventions made by the municipality for changing the surrounding area of the Sadeghieh Subway Station into a public space, and examine the amount of the area's improvement into a desirable space. The method used in this study is survey, in which the data were collected using questionnaire and interview.  The study's population is all people who use Sadeghieh Subway, and the sample size for the study were considered 140 subjects. In data analyzing phase, using SPSS software and parametric one-sample t-test, we found out that in such cases as transportation, security, Pedestrian infrastructure, vitality and attractivity, rate to remain in the space, the amount of traffic crossing the sidewalk, walking group, the lighting, the vendors, the cleaning, pavement structure and climatic elements after the municipality's actions to change the space into a pedestrian-oriented space have a progressive process can be observed, but in such cases as mix use, recreational activity, readability and design furniture no significant change was seen, and in some cases the results were counterproductive.

 Without a comprehensive and holistic approach to defining urban land development and expansion of the city's growth is impossible. It is impossible without the knowledge of the dimensions of urban land. Systematic approach not only helps in the analysis of urban land urban land issues, there is a clear and transparent view, but its relationship with other components as well to be determined. The purpose of this study is that in relied on a system approach; the efficiency of transfer development rights (TDR) in the management of urban land is approved.

Dominant approach to the study "Application" from the analysis of secondary data (documents) with emphasis on system approach has been used. In the research process by providing a framework system approach, the set of data flows generated data and intra- urban land management system that includes land as an input, target, system components, including land use, urban land management, land development, land ownership and land markets, relationships, environments and resources during production and outbound transfer of development rights is explained.

The results of the study showed that the evaluation of the success of this method depends on local governments to stand strong supervision and direction landowners welcomed the program and protect the public interest, it is necessary transactions between buyers and sellers in the land market with sweeping control of a public institution be companied.

the recommendations to successfully and efficiency used in transfer of development rights method are provided.

It seems that increase visual disturbances, poor quality urban spaces and environmental pollution that leads to the absence of citizens in urban space is dynamic.Accordingly quality of urban environment in terms of enjoyment of urban space in order to promote our urban spaces - is done. In this study, the concepts of city, urban space, the quality of urban space, the city's environmental aspects are taken into consideration. The research method was survey population included all persons 15 years and older in two regions in the neighborhood of Ferdosi in region 12 and Booali suburb in region 2. Among them, 380 persons were selected as research tools made ​​questionnaire with 44 questions, analysis of univariate t test, t-test and Pearson correlation test was used. Results showed distance of enviroment of Tehran from perception of respondents did not show significant environmental aspects in the two regions The results show a significant relationship between the dimensions of environmental city and urban space there successfully shown the city managers could improve the quality and preparation of the environmental dimension in their development plans Tasyrmnasby quality urban space Results were determined by analyzing the environmental dimension of the two areas were not satisfied However, the average settlement call Buali because of better compliance Beauty Tips But people in the area were not satisfied with the performance of managers in establishing urban spaces

Today, Islamic council is considered as one of the most important parts of urban –management. This council has responsibilities in city, including electing mayor. Surely, high Logic activity in election of council, is high effective urban management. As, citizens have social scores, in electing their candidate, so this study analyze the election behavior of citizens in Songhor, on the basis of three common theories. (predominate ideology theory, rational election, party –criminal identity)

It is applicative and it's method is descriptive have used for collecting data. Also, sample volume has been measured by Kocran formula, on 388 people. Collected data and it's tests were analyzed by spss20 software, one –sample T test and chi-square test, respectively

Obtained results indicate election behavior of Songhor citizens (by considering mean=3 and average =3/71) close in to rational election theory. then predominate ideology theory (average =3/27) and criminal –party identity (average=2/22) are Located in next Levels. By comparing the sexuality of citizens and their behavior show women are affected by ideology and rational election theory, more than men. In case of criminal – party identity theory.

Thus it can be concluded that the electoral behavior of the Songhor citizens of the City Council election is closer to the theory of rational electoral behavior that it would be logical the citizens of in the process of deciding for elect the candidate of city council.

 the goal of this research is to determine the role of Tehran municipality in promoting cultural dimension of Islamic lifestyle.

In cultural dimension, two components of ethics and leisure are raised. In this study, 4 indicators for ethics and 6 indicators for leisure were determined. A 16-item questionnaire was developed which included two parts of the ideal situation and the status quo.

The study findings show that the highest and the lowest mean among the indicators of ethics belong to “increased awareness of people in dealing with superstition” and “increased tendency of young people to marriage”, respectively. In addition, among the indicators of leisure, “strengthening the programs of cultural centers” and “introduction of natural and historical attractions” obtained the highest and the lowest mean, respectively.

The results indicate that all items of the questionnaire are involved in the ideal situation of the municipality. On the other hand, statistical analyses show that the municipality has not managed to play a decisive role in the areas related to the status quo.

Organizational knowledge is whatever an organization's members know about processes, products, according to the definition, services, customers, markets, and competitors. (civi, 2001: 166) Thus, in today commercial world, most organizational value is based on intangible assets.  Ability to identify and estimate the value of supply is vital for organizations. (Chang, 2004: 147) Social capital is among individual and organizational. Individual social capital is communication networks among individuals, while organizational social capital, due to communication networks between organizations. (Stone, 2001: 35) Coleman knows Individual social capital from ability actors for give benefit to each other that is resulting from membership in a social network, or other social structures. (Coleman, 1998: 96) Therefore social capital is the value that people achieve in social networks because of shared cultural norms, interaction effective, mutual trust and personal relationships among themselves. The aim this study is a logical explanation of organizational social capital in Iran moderate cities in order to realize the value and how organizational social capital in Iran moderate cities management with case study of Zanjan and Hamadan.

The research method is descriptive - explanatory and survey method that has been paid descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the data.

The findings indicate the level of organizational social capital (within the organization) in urban management (public and governmental sectors) is in the near to intermediate that has tendency to decrease. Also the significance level of social capital indicators in 99% level is very appropriate and indicators have been together.

The results show that social capital in the city's central cities, which tend to reduce the average, and if it does not boost the civilian agencies will have difficulty in performing tasks. Second, organizational social capital indicators together with the direct and meaningful relationship with both performance indicators have been positive.

Regarding scant capitation and inappropriate distribution of greenbelt in Shooshtar, using a descriptive-analytical method, the focus of the present study is applied issues. Applying the geographical information system (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Processing (AHP), this study tries to present an appropriate model for optimum distribution of greenbelt based on location criteria and population needs.

To carry out this, the spatial data gathered for each criterion were turned into convertible format for GIS to apply the model and conduct the spatial analyses through forming the database and new information layers. Finally, for modeling each of the criteria based on their importance in locating greenbelt, each information layer was given an appropriate differentia in Expert Choice Software. 

The results of the synthesis of weighed layers prioritized the lands of the studied area to develop greenbelt based on the importance of each layer in locating the greenbelt.

Then, these lands were compared with the control map and it was found that the rich and good lands were located near the residential areas, cultural, religious, and educational centers. These lands were far from the operations of available parks. In addition, those lands having good or average quality were located on the way to contact networks, near the administrative centers and the river. These lands are also away from the available parks. Since these lands are state possessions, it is not difficult to change their usages. Another type of lands suitable for greenbelt use is those of low degree of appropriateness. However, these lands are not suggested for greenbelt due to their long distance from residential areas, being located in bumpy areas in the suburbs of the city and their private possessions.