مجله پرستار و پزشک در رزم
سال نهم شماره 30 (بهار 1400)

One of the constant challenges of human beings has been to reduce or eliminate pain. Therefore, research in the field of painkillers, especially herbal and natural medicines has always been considered. Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus L.) (Anacardiaceae family) is a native plant from the Mediterranean area which its gum has been widely used in Persian Medicine. This study investigates the analgesic effects of this herb using formalin test in male rats.

Formalin foot injections were used to induce pain in Albino rats. Then methanolic extract of mastic (10, 100, and 300 mg/kg) comparison to DMSO was injected intra-protaneally to evaluate the improvement or reduction of pain. These data were evaluated every 15 seconds (for one hour) and statistically analyzed.

Methanolic extract of mastic did not show a significant difference with DMSO results either at different times (5 and 15 minutes after injection) or at different concentrations (10, 100, and 300 mg/kg).

Based on the results, it can be concluded that methanolic extract of mastic has no analgesic effects. To give an overall conclusion about mastic and its analgesic effects, more studies using other extracts is recommended.

Due to the importance of health centers and health management in the context of threats and crises, enemies target these centers to disrupt a country. Therefore, the present study identifies passive defense challenges in hospital environment and combat conditions.

The type of research is applied in terms of the purpose and nature of the problem under study, and descriptive-survey in terms of research method. The statistical population of the study is Experts in Passive Defense and Crisis Management in Northwest Military Hospitals in 2020. Sampling was done using Cochran table by stratified random sampling and 128 questionnaires were sent to the statistical sample.

According to Jafarizadeh and Hamzeh (2018), 13 indices of passive defense related infrastructure factors in hospital environment and combat conditions were calculated.

Categories, alarm and alert systems, intimidation systems, emergency preparedness equipment, emergency evacuation and resettlement equipment, emergency medical and emergency equipment, underground and semi-landfill infrastructure facilities, fixed defenses, and training areas; In the current situation they are lower than the average criterion and in the desired condition they are higher than the average criterion. Also, camouflage items, geographic information systems, emergency field strengths, research, and specialized training and exercises are above average in the status quo.

Dentists are occupationally in contact with inorganic mercury. Monitoring of total mercury level among dentists from Zanjan province (Abhar and Khorramdareh), comparison of results with international criteria, similar studies and control group as well as investigation of effective factors on total mercury in scalp hair and nails of the samples were the research topic.

Total Mercury concentrations in scalp hair and nails of 25 dentists and students were measured. The non-parametric tests were applied to evaluate the data.

Statistically significant differences were detected between total Hg level in foot and finger nails (p<0.01) and scalp hair and finger nails (p<0.05) of dentists. Significant difference was detected between Total Mercury in finger nail of dentists and students (p<0.05). There was a highly significant correlation among Total Mercury in finger and foot nails (r=0.73، p<0/01) and total Hg in finger nails and average numbers of weekly amalgam fillings for patients (r=0.41، p<0/05). Total Mercury accumulation in dentist’s scalp hair was a correlate o fthe dentist’s occupational precedence (r=0.44 ،p<0/05).

Safety measures and capsulated amalgams can decrease Mercury levels in dentists. Total Mercury in scalp hair and finger nail of dentists is a reflex of age/occupational contact and amalgam using levels, respectively.

The most important event in the history of human fascioliasis in Iran is the disease epidemic in Gilan province. According to this history, investigating the impact of climate change, especially rainfall, on this disease IS necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of human fascioliasis in Gilan and Mazandaran provinces using Geographic Information System (GIS), climate-based mapping 

Data on human fascioliasis in Gilan and Mazandaran provinces were collected from the Ministry of Health and Meteorological Information Center of Iran's Meteorological Organization, then the prevalence or incidence of the disease calculated and data storage, Processed and mapped by ArcGIS software version 10.4.

In 2016, 41 cases of human fascioliasis in the northern provinces of the country, three cases were reported in Mazandaran province and 38 cases in Gilan province, and the most cases of human fascioliasis in Guilan province were in 14 cases and in second place in Anzali with 11 cases, statistical analysis of meteorological data (rainfall) and outbreak showed that at a critical point of rainfall of 1100 mm / year, the prevalence of disease with higher and lower rainfall was statistically significant (P = 0.44).

In this study, we intend to investigate the effect of continuous-release tamsulosin tablets and tamsulosin capsules on ejaculation.

This study was performed on 120 patients. 66 patients as control group were treated with tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules and 54 patients were treated with tamsulosin 0.4 mg continuous release tablets and patients were asked about whether or not they had the inability to ejaculate.

The case group consisted of 54 people and the control group consisted of 66 people respectively. The test results indicated that the frequency of ejaculation in the case group and the control group was not significantly different (P = 0.096). Twenty-seven patients had a history of non-ejaculatory complication due to tamsulosin usage (12 of them were in the case group and 15 of them were in the control group).Eight patients in the case group and 4 patients in the control group gained complete recovery from the inability to ejaculate. Therefore, we can conclude that it had a significant difference (p=0.038)

In this study, despite the fact that there was no significant difference in the incidence of no ejaculation, slow-release tamsulosin tablets could improve this complication in People with a history of tamsulosin usage.

The purpose of the correlation current study was to investigate the relationship attachment styles between parents and children by the mediating role of Emotional Reactions (depression, anxiety, and stress) in individuals in Tehran and Alborz provinces.

In the present study 288 individuals (n= 167 mothers and n=121 fathers) with mean age= 49.68, and their children (girls n =153, boys n =135) with mean age=23.94 were chosen by convenient sampling. Participants filled in Collins & Read Revises Adult Attachment Scale as well as Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) performed for parents.

For relation analysis between variables used Pearson correlation coefficient also linear regression analysis used for mediated of analysis. Results show there is a direct correlation between the attachment styles of parents and children. (P<0.01) As well as anxiety was mediating between secure attachment styles of parents and children.

Anxiety is effective in correlation between secure attachment style of parents and children.

Intense exercise can lead to the production of free radicals and cell damage and subsequent damage caused by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate a session of intense intermittent exercise on some markers of plasma oxidation and antioxidant system in endurance runners, male and female.

This study was performed on 15 endurance runners (9 females and 6 males). Initially, the subjects performed a maximum endurance test (MER). After 72 hours, they performed high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE). Blood samples were taken at the time before and immediately after the HIIE test. Total plasma antioxidant capacity was measured using FRAP, MDA levels by thiobarbituric acid and uric acid levels by the enzymatic colorimetric method.

HITT exercise test did not have a significant effect on malondialdehyde concentration, uric acid and total plasma antioxidant capacity in endurance runners.

Based on the findings of the present study, it can be claimed that high-intensity intermittent exercise is not suitable for the development of fat peroxidation and the response of the anti-oxidation system in professional athletes.

Inappropriate leadership style can destroy a large portion of the organization's capital and the efforts of qualified employees. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leadership styles with job stress, organizational deviant behaviors, and burnout in a military health, rescue, and treatment center.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 165 military personnel of a military health, rescue, and treatment center were recruited with census method in 2017. The instruments used were Bass leadership style questionnaire, Kahn et al. Stress questionnaire, Bennett's deviant behaviors questionnaire and Maslash burnout questionnaire.

There was a significant and inverse relationship between transformational leadership and job stress (r=-0/482, p<0/0001) and deviant organizational behaviors (r=-0/414, p<0/0001) and a significant direct relationship with burnout (r=-0/423, p<0/0001). Also, there was a significant and inverse relationship between exchange leadership with job stress (r=-0/238, p<0/0001) and deviant organizational behaviors (r=-0/262, p<0/0001) and a significant direct relationship with burnout (r=0/361, p<0/0001). There was a significant direct relationship between non-interventionist leadership with job stress (r=0/351, p<0/0001) and deviant organizational behaviors (r=-0/436, p<0/0001) and a significant inverse relationship between non-interventionist leadership and burnout (r=-0/482, p<0/0001).

Transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles are important predictors of job stress, organizational deviant behaviors, and burnout.

The purpose of the present research effectiveness stress management based on cognitive-behavioral on frustration, suicide thoughts and reduce stress among  soldiers of Southwest Region of Nazaja at 1398.

The research's plan was experimental of field experiment by pretest – posttest and follow-up with the control group. The statistical sample consisted of 30 soldiers of Southwest Region of Nazaja who were selected by targeted sampling method. Data collection tools were Beck's frustration questionnaire (1993), Cohen & et al's perceived stress questionnaire (1983) and Beck's suicide thoughts questionnaire (1991). For the experimental group, 10 sessions of stress management cognitive-behavioral based on MeichenBaum (1977) were performed. There was no any psychological intervention for the control group.

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the stress management based on cognitive-behavioral was effective on decrease frustration, suicide thoughts and reduce stress (p<0/05). Also, in the follow-up stage, this results was stable (p<0/05).

Stress management based on cognitive-behavioral can be used to reduce frustration, suicide thoughts and stress among  soldiers of Southwest Region of Nazaja.