نشریه تعاون و کشاورزی
سال دهم شماره 39 (پاییز 1400)

The purpose of this research project was to analyze the solutions of e-business development for rural women coops in Isfahan province. This research is a qualitative research that has been done using a grounded theory approach. The statistical population of the study included both the rural women's directors of the active cooperatives and experts in Isfahan province (N=395). The research sampling method was theoretical purposeful which was performed by snowball method. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative content analysis approach during an open, axial and selective coding. The findings showed that effective strategies in the development of e-businesses in rural women's cooperatives in Isfahan province can be classified in the form of 9 categories, which are: 1) infrastructure and technology, 2) support and facilities, 3) education, informing and culture-building, 4) management and policy making, 5) legal and legitimate, 6) individual empowerment, 7) economic conditions, 8) socio-cultural conditions, 9) communication and interaction. The results also showed that in order to develop e-businesses in rural women's cooperatives in Isfahan province, strategies or policies such as encouragement and publicity, education and culture building, women's empowerment, legal policy making, communication and cooperation, management and planning are necessary.

This study is aimed to analyze the attitude of gardeners towards the establishment of marketing cooperatives. We used descriptive-survey technique was used to collect data. The statistical population includes all grape growers in Takestan. The sample size was calculated using the formula of Mendenhall et al and sample was selected using Randomly Stratified Sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included two parts: scales for measuring research variables and personal and economic characteristics of gardeners. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by five faculty members of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. To assess the reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used, which showed the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire scales. For mean comparison and correlation statistic tests, SPSS 24 software was used and for estimating the structural equations model, AMOS14 software was used. The results showed that in totally, 61.7% of the selected gardeners had a positive attitude towards the establishment of marketing cooperatives. Also, the variables of cooperative knowledge, the degree of cohesion and participation of local people, and understanding the existing obstacles and problems had a positive and significant effect on gardeners' attitudes toward creating marketing cooperatives. According to the research findings, providing educational programs using media that are suitable for gardeners in the region in order to increase gardeners' knowledge and awareness of cooperatives, as well as programs that increase the level of participation of local people can pave the way for successful marketing cooperatives in the region.

Rural cooperatives provide an organizational framework for increasing the ability of members in society, producing and selling products, creating employment, increasing income, and meeting the social and economic needs of the people. In terms of research method, this research is considered as exploratory-causal research. The statistical population of the study includes 45 managers of rural production cooperatives in Tehran province who have been selected by counting method. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts in the field. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability and reliability of the research tool. Validity was checked using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. According to the research findings, jihadi management, knowledge management and risk management have a positive and significant effect on the performance of rural production cooperatives and among them knowledge management has the most impact. The findings of this study can be effective in guiding rural production cooperatives to pay more attention to improving their management.

Considering the importance of student cooperatives as a suitable approach for developing entrepreneurial competencies and reducing unemployment of graduates of the Iran's higher education system, the present study was conducted to identifying the opportunities for student cooperatives startup at Ilam University. The present study was qualitative in terms of paradigm, applied according to the purpose, which was done by Delphi method. Delphi panel members included 68 faculty members, staff and students of Ilam University. After two rounds, 26 opportunities for student cooperatives startup at Ilam University were identified, which were divided into two categories: "Opportunities for agricultural student cooperatives startup" and "Opportunities for service student cooperatives startup" were categorized. According to the results, the most important opportunities for student agricultural cooperatives startup are "production, processing, packaging and sale of medicinal plants and spices", "growing fruits, vegetables", " Cultivation of flowers and ornamental and apartment plants ", " processing, packaging and distribution of dairy products from university farms "and " Production, packaging, distribution of honey (beekeeping) ". Also, the most important opportunities for student service cooperatives startup are "holding startup events, conferences, celebrations and various university ceremonies", "offering tourist tours with the aim of introducing recreational and historical places and Cultural of the region "," Providing services for translating and editing English, Arabic and Persian articles and dissertations "," Providing services related to the installation, commissioning and repair of computer programs and systems " and "providing services related to programming, web design and graphics, etc."

Investing in industry cooperatives, especially small and medium industries, has always been very important. Because in addition to playing a key role in a country's employment, it will also lead to economic growth and increase GDP. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that can lead to successful investment in small and medium industrial cooperatives and show a way for industrial entrepreneurs to enter this important economic field with more awareness. This research is a qualitative research based on the collected data of interviews with 15 industrial experts using the method of sensitive event technique and content analysis using MAX QDA 18 software. The last step of the final research model categories was obtained. The results showed that 5 general groups of factors including: managerial factors, entrepreneur related factors, production related factors, market factors and environmental factors can play an important role in the success of this type of investment. And private sector investors, including managers of production cooperatives, will help reduce investment risk by paving the way for better measures and paving the way for industrial growth and employment growth in the country.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using social media on the business performance of agricultural conversion cooperatives in Isfahan province with regard to the mediating role of social media marketing capabilities. The statistical population of the study consisted of business activists in this industry (including producers and distributors) of cooperative brands of agricultural conversion industries in Isfahan province (N = 230) that using random sampling method, 146 people were selected and the questionnaire was completed by visiting the companies in person or by e-mail. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that to confirm its validity and reliability, the questionnaire was provided to experts in this field and the necessary changes were applied to it, which was approved that Cronbach's alpha coefficient of variables (social media use, marketing capability and performance) are (0.940, 0.884 and 0.840), respectively. Structural equation modeling and SMART-PLS3 software were used to analyze the data. The first and second hypothesis tests showed that the significant effect of social media use on marketing capability was equal to 0.748 and on performance was equal to 0.254. Thus, the use of social media improves the performance of the cooperative business. Also, the significant effect of the effect of marketing capability on performance was equal to 0.359. As a result, the mediating effect of marketing capability between the relationship between social media use and cooperative performance was confirmed.

CCorporate citizenship provides a situation in which companies, as civic citizens, feel a sense of duty to each other. Various studies have shown that corporate citizenship has many positive individual and organizational consequences for society and the country. Companies use the concept of corporate citizenship to strengthen social capital, which leads to public trust and consequently improves organizational performance. Accordingly, in the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the impact of corporate citizenship on the social capital of production cooperatives operating in the two sectors of industry and agriculture in Kurdistan province. The present study is a descriptive - applied study. The questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of this research includes members of the board of directors of production cooperatives active in both industry and agriculture. So that 150 people from 50 production cooperatives were equally selected from the two mentioned sections in a simple random stratified manner as a statistical sample. The results show that the corporate citizenship of manufacturing cooperatives significantly affects their social capital. In this regard, the impact of voluntary citizenship on social capital is greater than other dimensions.