International Journal of new Chemistry
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Spring 2022

The risk of obesity and subsequent hypertension in children is associated with several variables; The most prominent of these variables that can be modified are eating habits and lifestyle in children; Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between eating habits, blood pressure, weight and lifestyle in children aged 6 to 18 years in East Azerbaijan province. This correlation study was conducted in 2019 with the participation of 850 children (492 boys and 358 girls) in East Azerbaijan; Blood pressure, weight, eating habits and lifestyle of each child registered in the apple system were examined. The relationship between each variable and descriptive and inferential statistics was investigated. 86.12% of normal blood pressure was 9.41% of prehypertension And 4.47% had hypertension. The relationship between systolic blood pressure and dairy products (r = 0.020) watching TV / computer (r = 0.041), BMI (r = 0.001) and BMI quarters (r = 0.001) and age (R = 0.001) was statistically significant and the other variables did not show a statistically significant relationship. It can be concluded that based on the criteria used in this national program, and the high prevalence of hypertension among them, dietary intake and lifestyle with high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents show a significant correlation. Therefore, nutritionists and health professionals should further evaluate their food intake and lifestyle when providing advice to children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Lymphedema, an unpleasant postmastectomy complication, entails neuromuscular injuries. The most common complication is developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), exacerbated by chemotherapy in cancer patients. As detecting this complication is effective in the therapeutic process of the patients, this study aimed to detect CTS in women experiencing postmastectomy lymphedema.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 320 patients suffering from postoperative lymphedema in the hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran from 2018 to 2020. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) was used to detect CTS in the participants, and the data were analyzed using chi-square test.

According to the questionnaire, 20% of the participants had CTS symptoms. Study of the results suggested that radiotherapy, lymph node removal during surgery, and diabetes mellitus could be involved in the development of CTS.

The results indicated that one of every five women who experienced postmastectomy lymphedema and had undergone chemotherapy exhibited symptoms of CTS.

Post-mastectomy chronic pain (PMCP) refers to any pain that lasts longer than six months. Many risk factors contribute to chronic pain, and it seems that body mass index (BMI) is one of them, but more research is required to confirm it. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and PMCP.

This correlational study was conducted during 2018-2020 on 340 patients who had undergone mastectomy. They were selected using convenience sampling of patients visiting hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The risk of chronic pain was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), and its correlation with BMI was determined using descriptive and inferential statistics.

High BMI can be a risk factor exacerbating PMCP (P<0.001).

In this study, the negative impact of high BMI on exacerbation of PNCP was investigated. The results may prepare the ground for developing preventive interventions for chronic pain.

Many factors affect the control of type 1 diabetes in the age leading to puberty, which have been reported differently based on different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors on the control of type 1 diabetes in adolescents under 18 years of age in Tabriz. In this descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2019 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 410 adolescents under 18 years of age with type 1 diabetes were evaluated. Findings related to diabetes control based on HbA1c results showed that out of the total patients, 22.9% had poor control, 54.6% had moderate control and 22.4% had good control over diabetes. In terms of drug adherence, according to the Morisky scale, 2.4% had good adherence, 64.2% had moderate adherence and 35.2% had poor adherence to drugs. The correlation between fasting blood sugar and the number of annual visits to the clinic was negative and significant; But there was no statistically significant relationship between diabetes control and age, duration of disease, number of children in the family, number of controls per week and BMI. Increased anxiety, depression and stress in patients with type 1 diabetes lead to poor disease control and increased fatherhood, family support and more visits to the clinic increase disease control. Swat mentions that the degree of drug adherence, patients 'sex and gender, parents' education, duration of illness, family remarriage and BMI have no effect on diabetes control.

The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), as a fatal complication of cancer, is affected by several variables. Chemotherapy is an exacerbating factor of DVT in cancer patients. Given the uncertain effect of chemotherapy after mastectomy in women, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of DVT following mastectomy in women undergoing chemotherapy.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in hospitals, affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, on 230 women under chemotherapy, following mastectomy. In this study, DVT examinations were performed using an instrument designed in compliance with the research objectives. People at high risk, based on this instrument, received a Doppler ultrasound. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests.

Based on the results, 72 patients were at high risk of DVT, which reduced to 37 confirmed cases after Doppler ultrasound. The results indicate that an increase in chemotherapy sessions was effective in increasing the incidence of DVT.

The results of the present study suggested that one out of ten women undergoing chemotherapy, following mastectomy, developed DVT.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and multifactorial disease that may require knee arthroplasty if it is not treated early. It is hence necessary to identify the variables predicting knee arthroplasty in patients with knee OA. This study addressed the risk factors for knee arthroplasty as a knee OA treatment. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 378 patients at Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz (affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, TUOMS) in the period 2019-2020. The participants were selected based on the complete enumeration method. An author-made checklist was completed for all participants to evaluate the risk factors for knee arthroplasty. The participants were assigned to two groups of “knee arthroplasty” and “no knee arthroplasty” to be compared in terms of these variables. The results showed the effect of different factors on the necessity of knee arthroplasty: BMI (2.42 times), MAA (3.29 times), joint-line-JCA (2.83 times), VA (2.99 times), flexion contracture (3.15 times), total range of flexion (3.66 times), and alignment (varus and valgus) (2.27 times). There are a variety of risk factors for knee arthroplasty that may affect patients differently. The study findings revealed that high BMI, abnormal MAA and VA, and restricted total range of flexion and alignment were the most important risk factors for knee arthroplasty in patients with knee OA.

Risk factors for diabetes in adulthood include childhood obesity. Since the first step in preventing and treating the complications of obesity is to diagnose the associated factors in children, the aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for obesity in children to prevent type 2 diabetes in adulthood. In this case study, 300 children (60 obese children and 240 children with normal zone) were included in the study by available sampling method during 2019. Child weight, parental weight, type of delivery and feeding methods of the child before school age were compared and compared between the two groups. The results also showed that there was a significant relationship between obesity and consumption of high-fat milk and yogurt, pasta, sugar and jams and fast foods , while there was a significant relationship between consumption of other foods including cheese, Ordinary milk and yogurt, buttermilk, curd, beans, soy, sausages, hamburgers, red meat, chicken, fish eggs, liver, heart and offal, offal, Bread, rice, boiled or fried potatoes, cakes, muffins, pastries, plain biscuits, puffs, chips, salt, soda, fresh fruit or juice, dried fruits, fresh vegetables or cooked, nuts and seeds, and fried foods with cream, buttermilk, butter, and mayonnaise were not present between the obese and normal groups . There is a relationship between obesity and poor diet in childhood and the risk of developing diabetes in adulthood; It seems that providing prevention programs in obese children can prevent diabetes in adulthood.

Because long-term drainage can cause problems such as limited mobility of the affected limb and pain in the patient's armpit, studies that can determine the effect of prolonged drainage on serum incidence may lead to earlier drainage. And the reduction of the resulting complications should be helpful. Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim of The effect of surgical drainage on serum incidence in breast cancer surgery. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed during the years 2018 to 2020 with the participation of 152 patients after breast surgery in the hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Diagnosis of seroma after surgery (for one week) was made by a physician and the factors affecting its formation were collected in the data collection form. Data were compared by Chi-square test. The mean age of the study participants was 46 years; Tumor size in most participants was less than two centimeters; The stage of the disease was in the majority of participants I, II and in most of them the breast mass was completely removed. The surgical drain remained in the majority of participants for 5 to 9 days. The prevalence of seroma in this study was 35%; The results of this study showed that the type of surgical device, the number of days of drain use, as well as the stage of the disease and the type of surgery performed on the breast have no role in the incidence of seroma.

Shivering after anesthesia is one of the unpleasant and undesirable complications after anesthesia; This complication occurs much more often in women than men, and female gender is one of the risk factors; Other risk factors have been reported differently in different populations; The aim of this study was to evaluate shivering-related factors after general anesthesia in gynecological surgery. This descriptive study was conducted during 2018 with the participation of 448 women candidates for gynecological surgeries. The prevalence of shivering as well as the factors affecting shivering in all patients were measured and recorded from the moment of entering the recovery unit, and finally the relationship between the available data and shivering after anesthesia was investigated. The prevalence of chills in our study was 18%; Factors such as the size of the surgical site, increasing the length of anesthesia, general anesthesia, anesthesia gas intake and atropine intake are effective factors in the occurrence of shivering after gynecological surgery. Finally, it can be concluded that the importance of the three agents of isoflurane used to maintain general anesthesia, intravenous injection of higher volume intravenous crystalloid fluids, and spinal anesthesia, respectively, increased the risk of postoperative shivering in anesthesia. ; Hypothermia, on the other hand, was not associated with chills.

This is a descriptive study that was conducted in 2020 by reviewing the clinical records of all women with breast cancer over the age of 70 over a ten-year period ending in 2020 with a clinical record of 183 patients. Demographic information, type of tumor pathology, clinical stage of the tumor, status of hormone receptors and tumor HER2 protein, type of surgery, type of adjuvant treatment were extracted from the files and used. In 88 non-metastatic patients, there were 90 lymph nodes positive, of which 33 (37.5%) had no estrogen receptor and 55 (62.5%) had estrogen receptor. The most systemic treatment in patients with estrogen receptor-free tumor was chemotherapy (81.8%) and in patients with estrogen receptor tumor, chemotherapy plus hormone therapy (58.2%). there were 40 non-metastatic lymph node-negative patients, of which 9 (22.5%) had no estrogen receptor and 31 (77.5%) had estrogen receptor. The most systemic treatment received in patients without estrogen receptor was only chemotherapy (77.8%) and in patients with estrogen receptor tumor was only hormone therapy (54%). It seems that the most common stage of the disease in elderly women and over 70 years is type IIB, which is also more common in these elderly women with breast cancer; Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to these points in treatment planning

In this paper, the Nylon 6,6/Polyaniline/Zinc oxide nanocomposite with different weight loadgings of each component were prepared. Antibacterial properties of the prepared nanocomposites were investigated against gram-positive Staphylococcus and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria using Resazurin indicator and optical density measurements. The results showed that the addition of equal quantities of Polyainine and ZnO nanoparticles with 5% wt. of each component to Nylon 6,6 produce the best antibacterial effect. The antibacterial effect of nanocomposite is higher on gram-negative bacteria in compared to gram-positive one. Investigation of the morphologies of optimum nanocomposite by FESEM showed its proper morphology, sufficient porosity, and high surface area for contact with bacteria. Elucidation of functional groups in optimum specimen by FT-IR revealed the existence of them in nanocomposite representing the successful formation of nanocomposite.Elucidation of functional groups in optimum specimen by FT-IR revealed the existence of them in nanocomposite representing the successful formation of nanocomposite.

There are various methods for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome, all of which are based on clinical trials; Clinical trials are in most cases capable of accurate diagnosis; However, many physicians use complementary tests such as electrodiagnosis to diagnose this syndrome; Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare clinical tests against electrodiagnosis to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome.

The present study was a cross-sectional study that was performed during 2020 on 45 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and 33 healthy individuals referred to the orthopedic clinic of Imam Reza Hospital who were included in the study by random sampling method; Phalen’s, Durkan’s compression and electrodiagnosis tests were used for diagnosis and finally the predictive value of phalanx, compression and electrodiagnosis tests were evaluated by ANOVA statistical test.

The difference between the mean latency of sensory nerve action potential between positive and negative phalanx groups was significant (P <0.001). Which differed significantly (P <0.001).

Carpal compression test has more features, sensitivity, negative and positive predictive value than Fallen test. These results indicate that the compression test is more sensitive and more accurate in diagnosing patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Suspicion of a link between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and osteoarthritis (OA) is increased by the presence of the protein Z39Ig both in patients with OA and in those with CVDs. Consequently, this research intended to determine the relationship between CVDs and development of knee OA in patients referred to the orthopedic hospitals in Tabriz County during 2020. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 participants (n=100 in both the control and the case groups) referred to the orthopedic clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. They were compared with respect to the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and results of the biochemical tests. The independent t-test and logistic regression analysis were used to compare the data. Female gender, diabetes, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (MS), waist circumference (WC) and smoking caused 2.14-, 2.01-,2.59-, 2.03-, 2.51- and 1.36-fold increases in the risk of OA development, respectively. Female gender, high cholesterol level, larger WC and MS were among the factors related to OA development and exhibited higher frequencies in patients with OA compared to those without it.

Blood transfusion in orthopedic surgery is unavoidable; But not all people and all surgeries need a blood transfusion; Guidelines are needed to prevent blood transfusions and blood transfusions for eligible blood transfusions; Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of MSBOS ordering in orthopedic surgeries in hospitals in Tabriz. This cross-sectional study was performed in Shohada and Imam Reza hospitals (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) in 2020 compared to 2019 as a pilot program of MSBOS ordering; The number of injected units and the number of cross-matched units calculated in the mentioned two years were compared with each other. C/T ratio was considerably reduced following MSBOS implementation from 3.97 to 1.57 (CI: 3.97-1.70; p=0.001). Transfusion index, following MSBOS implementation, considerably increased from 25.2% to 63.6% (CI: 36.25-40.55; p=0.001). Transfusion probability increased from 24.7% to 59.4% (CI: 31.73-37.67; p=0.001). In this study, cross-matching percent after MSBOS implementation was considerably reduced, suggesting its effectiveness in optimizing blood usage. Therefore, training surgeons and highlighting blood requests based on MSBOS contribute to efficient blood order management.

The present study was performed with the aim of Comparison of headache severity before and after rhinosinusitis surgery in patients referred to clinics in Tabriz. This prospective descriptive study was performed with the participation of 47 patients with headache due to rhinosinusitis. All patients underwent medication due to severe headache and underwent surgery due to non-response to treatment. The severity of preoperative and postoperative headache in patients was assessed. Response to overall treatment was statistically significant (P=0.005). The overall success rate of pain reduction in our study was 83%, with a complete recovery rate of 11% and a significant reduction in symptoms of 72%. 17% of cases did not show a clear change. In the first group, only half of the cases had reduced symptoms (P=0.041). In the second group, 100% reduction of symptoms, in the third group, 93% results (86% reduction of symptoms and 7% complete recovery) and in the fourth group, 100% response to treatment (60% complete improvement and 40% reduction of symptoms) Was seen (P=0.005).

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 with the participation of 120 children under the age of 15 who were candidates for tonsillectomy. Two methods were used to control the patients. One group was injected with bupivacaine at the surgical site and the other group was injected with dexamethasone. Pain intensity after surgery was compared between the two groups. Comparison of pain intensity between d. The study group rejected the study for the first 12 hours after the study and found that the pain intensity during the first 4 hours was significantly lower in the bupivacaine group than in the dexamethasone group; On the other hand, in the hours of 5 to 12 hours, the comparison of pain intensity between the two groups showed that there was no statistically significant difference; It should be noted that in both groups, the severity of pain was controllable as pain, so there was no need to prescribe another drug to control pain. The different results obtained in various researches in this field indicate that the method of injection of drugs (topical, intravenous, intramuscular) or the dose of drugs used, as well as the average age of the study groups (in children and Adults) as well as different methods of measuring pain are among the factors that can affect the results.