Govaresh
Volume:26 Issue: 3, Autumn 2021

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for cholecystitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of complications in patients referring to educational centers in Rasht.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the records of 132 patients referred to Poursina and Razi Hospitals of Rasht in 2006 were studied. Complications such as the need for open surgery, surgical site infection, and bile duct injury were evaluated in subsequent visits.

The subjects aged between 19 and 80 years with a mean of 14.65 ± 53.06 years. An open surgical procedure was reported in 8.2% of the subjects. Biliary duct injury and surgical site infections in patients undergoing laparoscopic cystectomy were estimated 4.1% and 8.2%, respectively. 2% of the subjects suffered from a surgical abscess. Vomiting and fever were reported in 16.3% and 8.2% of the cases, respectively. The mean age of the subjects with the surgical site infection was significantly higher than others. In addition, the open surgery rate in men was significantly higher in women.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective method with low complications and, as a standard method of cholecystectomy, in the conditions and facilities available in our country, has a high success rate.

In patients in intensive care units, gastrointestinal problems occur frequently and often with adverse consequences. The importance of gastrointestinal failure in patients is underestimated. This study that was done in intensive care centers of Mashhad pediatric hospitals evaluated the effectiveness of Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM-3) and Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM-3) systems in predicting mortality in patients with digestive diseases.

This study was performed on critically ill children aged≤ 18 years who were referred to receive critical care in two hospitals. A comparison was made between the PIM-3 and PRISM-3 scores according to the discrimination (the area under the receiver operating characteristic [AUC] curve), and calibration (agreement between expected and observed mortality).

A total of 339 patients (median age 5, IQR: 0.76-25 months, 54.6% male) with 54 deaths were considered in the study. PRISM-3 discrimination was more than PIM-3 (AUC=0.779, 0.739) and the difference between AUC scores was significant (P=0.001). There was a good agreement between the observed and predicted mortality by both models with no deviation from the true probabilities suggesting good calibration for our population. There was a significant relationship between the patients' deaths and increased scores of PRISM-3 and PIM-3 models. The weakest prognosis was related to patients with esophageal, gastric, and intestinal problems.

It was found that the performance of PRISM-3 in discrimination and calibration of mortality is superior to PIM-3. According to the results of this study, the performance of PRISM-3 in discrimination and calibration to mortality was superior to PIM-3, and the use of scoring systems can predict the mortality of children with gastrointestinal problems and reduce their mortality.

Anxiety and stress are important risk factors for psycho-somatic disorders like gastrointestinal disorders. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between anxiety and stress with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID).

This study was a descriptive-analytical one with a correlation method. In this study, 82 patients with FGID who were referred to Noor Hospital of Isfahan in 2019 were selected and evaluated with anxiety and stress scale (HASS) and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression.

The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between anxiety and stress with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in these patients, and anxiety could predict changes in the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms very well.

According to the findings of the study on the correlation between anxiety and stress with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with functional disorders, in the treatment of these patients should pay attention to the areas of anxiety and stress and minimize these aggravating factors with psychological measures.

In the present study, we aimed to explain the model of quality of life based on illness perception and coping strategies in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with IBS in Kashan. For this purpose, 250 patients were selected via the available sampling method. In order to collect data, Patrick, Drossman et al Quality of Life Questionnaire (IBS-QOL-34)(1998), Endler, Parker Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS)(1990), and Broadbent, Petrie, Main, Weinman illness perception (2006) were used to analyze the data. Explanatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used.

The results (using Amos software) showed that structural equation modeling indexes fit the research data with the theoretical foundation of the study. Models illness perception and coping strategies with quality of life in patients with IBS, directly and indirectly, demonstrated good fitness. In total, structural models (predictor and mediated models) of illness perception and coping strategies explained 28/37 of the variances of quality of life in patients with IBS.

The results of the structural model showed that there was a significant relationship between illness perception and quality of life with the mediating role of coping strategies.

  Hydatid cysts can occur in any organ. The common sites are the liver, lungs, and rarely the spleen, bone, thyroid, pancreas, and breast.The patient was a young man presenting with abdominal pain and a left upper quadrant mass. On physical examination, the abdomen was soft without tenderness, and splenomegaly was palpable. Sonography showed a large cyst in the spleen with multiple cysts in both liver lobes.Surgical intervention: The patient underwent splenectomy and cholecystectomy for better access to liver cysts. Multiple cysts of the liver were drained by open cyst evacuation, and the other ones were drained under ultrasound guidance intraoperatively by cysts aspiration, injection of hypertonic saline solution, and re-aspiration.The patient was discharged in good condition. The rarity of simultaneous hydatid cyst of the liver and spleen and utilizing ultrasound guidance in surgery with success have made this surgical intervention novel.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease are chronic relapsing disorders in which their clinical activity and treatment response are evaluated by various indices. The response rate is unpredictable, and for its evaluation, we use invasive procedures like colonoscopy and blood samples to address this issue. The current study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of fecal calprotectin before and after treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

46 patients with IBD who were a candidate for anti-TNF therapies were evaluated and the correlation between fecal calprotectin and disease activity before and after 5 months of treatment was studied.

Fecal calprotectin and disease activity after treatment with anti-TNF correlate, but before treatment, there was no correlation in the patients with UC.

Fecal calprotectin not on its own but alongside other tests could be used for follow-up treatment.

The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of the diseases and the reasons for outpatient referral of gastrointestinal patients to the subspecialty gastroenterology center of Ziaeian Hospital in Tehran.

In the present cross-sectional study, the main causes of outpatient referrals in 2019 were extracted from the data bank of Ziaeian Hospital. The final diagnosis of all patients is based on the first visit, subsequent referrals, and the diagnostic procedures performed.

The present study examined the data collected from 1072 patients. The results showed that 70% of the participants (756 patients) were female, and the patients in the age group of 41-50 years had the highest frequency accounting for 23.9% of the patients (259 persons). Besides, the most commonly diagnosed diseases in the whole population and both sexes were functional dyspepsia (35.72%), reflux (14.73%), irritable bowel syndrome (8.02%), and anal fissure (8.02%). Furthermore, the early onset symptoms were abdominal pain (44.8%), retrosternal pain and burning (12.7%), bleeding (8.1%), and defecatory disorders (7.5%).

The findings of the study can have some implications for preventive planning and interventions and the allocation of health resources. 

Patients recognize chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting as major side effects. So, it is important to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients suffering from cancer.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of laughter therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients suffering from cancer.

This study was a clinical trial performed on 80 patients referred to the chemotherapy department of a hospital in Khorramabad. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group (40 persons) and the control group (40 persons). The data gathering tools included the demographic data questionnaire and Morrow nausea and vomiting assessment scale. In order to data analysis, descriptive statistical and inferential statistical methods (Chi-square, Mann Whitney, and Wilcoxon test) were used. SPSS software version 22 was used for analysis.

The mean age of the participants was 70 ±10.19 years. The result of Chi-square test showed that there was no significant statistical difference between the two intervention and control groups in terms of the severity of nausea after chemotherapy (p > 0.05). The result of Chi-square test showed that there was a significant statistical difference between the two intervention and control groups in terms of frequency of nausea after chemotherapy (p < 0.05). There was a significant statistical difference between the two intervention and control groups in terms of the severity of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy (p < 0.05).

Laughter therapy is effective in reducing the incidence of nausea and reducing the severity of nausea and vomiting. It is recommended that health workers, especially nurses, become familiar with how laughter therapy is performed as part of the care of patients undergoing chemotherapy and use it in clinics. 

COVID-19 pneumonia is a newly recognized illness that is spreading rapidly around the world and causes many disability and deaths. Some diseases, for instance viral hepatitis, is continuously suggested as a risk factor which contributes to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, to date, there are no comprehensive studies aiming to explain the exact relationship between viral hepatitis and COVID-19. Thus, this study aims to summarize the evidence about viral hepatitis and COVID-19 outbreak through a systematic review approach.

A literature review was implemented within databases of Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Web of science. Observational reviews, case-report, and case-series studies that assessed the hepatitis in COVID-19 patients, were included. Data extraction and assessment were guided by PRISMA checklist.

Some studies showed that there were liver symptoms such as increasing in liver enzyme and functions. The prevalence of hepatitis B was between 0.7% to 6.4% and the prevalence of hepatitis C was 1.9%. These patients have prolonged hospitalization, poor prognosis, severe symptoms, and the death rate is higher among COVID-19 patients. In addition, it is suggested the hepatitis patients will be treated with antivirals especially lopinavir/ritonavir that was useful for treatment of SARS-CoV1 patients.

The results showed hepatitis should be considered as a risk factor for the severity of symptoms of COVID-19. And the adverse effect of COVID-19 in hepatitis patients are more than others. So, the use of antiviral medications can prevent the reactivation of hepatitis and reduce the severity of COVID-19.