فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان
پیاپی 92 (تابستان 1400)

Women's participation and role-playing in society is obvious and necessary, and the discussion of how this presence without interfering with the principles, values, and other gender roles and dimensions is the concern of thinkers and policymakers and one of the reasons for the lack of successful entry of women in entrepreneurship. And effective mapping of the field of thought and theorizing and errors in theoretical studies have been produced, so a critical approach to its theoretical accumulation should be taken., the main issue of the present study is what are the key challenges and shortcomings in the field of women's entrepreneurship studies And by examining the existing theoretical literature, and their comparative and critical analysis, can policy indications be provided to policymakers, theorists, and decision-makers in the field of entrepreneurship to address indigenous considerations and prevent existing problems in women's role in development? the method of comparative-critical analysis was used and identified. Existing literature on deficiencies in theorizing methods; Facing the problem of role conflict for women; Problem solving inequality of access to facilities and opportunities; And the lack of economic and social context for women entrepreneurship has suffered and Therefore, in the efforts of theorizing and decision-making, it is necessary to be realistic, interdisciplinary, historical, avoid formalism and abstract literature independent of the requirements of time and place, and emphasize empiricism and case studies and development studies. Consider the fundamentals and values for redefining women's entrepreneurship, and the production of metrics and indicators in future research and decision-making.

In the contemporary period, an important part of the field of individual interactions and exchanges, as well as the biological experiences of individuals in cyberspace is formed and consolidated. The purpose of this study is to phenomenologically understand the strategies that users use to construct their identity. To achieve this goal, Brown and Clark's phenomenological method has been used. The sample size is based on the theory of theoretical saturation in the qualitative method, 20 female students living in Kashan and the data collection process has been done using a semi-structured interview method. Findings showed that cyberspace users in the first stage of entering the network and in the initial experiences are in two states of "ignorance and ignorance" and "doubt and anxiety" and mostly play the role of passive actor, observer, acceptor and follower; But over time, they find the role of active actor, builder and narrator. On the other hand, the results show that users use both emotional and intellectual strategies in constructing their identity. Based on emotional strategy, they act more freely, freely and fluidly, and reproduce more narratives from different aspects of their life, worldview, and character. Narrate.

Consumption is no longer the only way to meet essential needs, and the formation of false needs has led to the creation of new forms of consumption. Consumer arrogance means a person's desire to show social superiority through the acquisition, use and display of consumer goods and brands is observed in different classes. The present study seeks to find a phenomenological approach to women's lived experience of the phenomenon of arrogance in consumption and the meaning and concept of this phenomenon from their perspective. The subjects selected by purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews conducted with them and then the collected data analyzed by phenomenological method. Based on the research findings, four main themes of ‘feeling to be known’, ‘creating and maintaining social status’, ‘expressing excellence and competence’ and ‘feeling of inner enthusiasm’ extracted, which include women's lived experience of the phenomenon of arrogance in consumption. It seems that the study and observation of arrogant consumption does not lead to its recognition merely as a consumption behavior, and there are several external and internal contexts that require further study.

Older women experience a variety of situations in their lives, influenced by diverse cultural contexts. This study has studied the temporal and spatial relationships of older women in the cultural context and their aging process and in order to achieve this goal while providing a variety of individual and collective actions of older women, their preferences in choosing the type of activity, time and place Has also been analyzed. In this study, in-depth sampling was conducted with 57 elderly women living in 12th and 14th districts of Tehran using purposive sampling. Findings showed that the main preference of older women is social and group activities at home and in their neighborhood. In various ways, they try to maintain and promote collective action and expand their circles of communication, often focusing their homes on interactions. By expanding friendships with their peers, older women seek to increase their self-confidence in the context of place and objectivism is another solution that older women use to pass the time and fill the void of their children and those around them at home. It can also be said that group interaction and behavior are the main and positive characteristics of older women in the aging process in place.Excessive use of objects in the context of place and objectivism is another solution that older women use to pass the time and fill the void of their children and those around them at home.and cultural and social investment through social solidarity. Excessive use of objects

This study seeks to provide a comprehensive definition of women's religious assemblies based on the conflicts and alignments that occur in these assemblies and based on the motives of women's presence.For this reason, it seeks to draw on the views of Erving Goffman and Giddens, on the one hand, and Schutz's phenomenological reflections, as well as thematic analysis, show the contradictions and alignments formed in these religious assemblies. The statistical sample provided is 30 women who met the selection criteria for a semi-structured interview; That is, they are over 18 years old, regularly and in attendance as a familiar experience in meetings, and not unfamiliar with interactions in meetings. First, 56 open codes were identified and finally two main themes were identified: gender identification and finally positioning and social identity assignment. The results show that both elements of gender identity with more conflict and less alignment, and the allocation of social identity and social status with more alignment and less conflict, on the other hand, by creating points of occurrence in three areas of gender, The public sphere and the religious sphere play a role in building the women's religious assembly.

The aim of this study is to examine the lived experience of girls from celibacy and to examine the views, attitudes, feelings, reactions of single girls to celibacy by understanding the mental meanings of the girls involved in this process. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and content analysis method among 16 single girls in Bokan, which were different in terms of benefiting from social, economic and cultural sources. Targeted snowball sampling method was used to select the samples and semi-structured interview was used to have maximum diversity. The results of the research indicate that in the opinion of girls, influential factors such as family role, bitter experiences of the past and destiny, lack of communication skills and mastery of patriarchal norms play a role in girls' celibacy. According to the present study, the experience of celibacy for girls causes a paradox of feelings about celibacy, exacerbation of emotional, psychological and physical problems, economic turmoil, vague future and a sense of freeloader.

This Research aims to investigate the women entrepreneurs’ successful economic behaviors of Yazd city. The present study is qualitative and the Research community is women entrepreneurs. By using the purposeful and theoretical sampling method the number of 13 woman who were different in some variables like age, education type of profession and marital status, were selected. The research data were collected by using, Strauss and Corbin's underlying theory method including open, axial and selective coding. The core of research is the constructive interaction with limitations. The underlying category that provides the formation of constructive interaction with limitations is the context that provides the formation of constructive interaction with limitations, imposed structures, subjective barriers and Supportive Capital. The causal factor of the working authority is the position creator. Women’s response and management were categorized as favorable community oriented, self-promotion, feminine understanding of entrepreneurship, commercial rationality and role harmony. And finally, the consequence of constructive interaction with the limitations were identified as self-empowerment, civic competence, and grunting.