Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Volume:10 Issue: 2, Jun 2021

Anxiety is a major problem among the candidates for surgery. This study aimed at investigating the effects of preoperative nursing visit (PNV) on anxiety and hemodynamic parameters among the candidates for general surgeries.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2018 on 104 candidates for general surgeries conveniently recruited from Imam Khomeini hospital, Islamabad-e Gharb, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to a control and an intervention group. Participants in the control group received routine car services, while participants in the intervention group received both routine care services and a 30–60-minute PNV one day before surgery. Their anxiety and hemodynamic parameters were assessed before the intervention and before surgery. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, a data sheet for hemodynamic parameters, and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 22.0).

There were no significant between-group differences regarding the pretest mean values of state and trait anxiety, heart rate (HR), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P>0.05). However, the posttest mean values of state and trait anxiety, HR, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the intervention group were significantly less than the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, all these mean values significantly decreased in the intervention group (P<0.05).

PNV is effective in significantly reducing state and trait anxiety and hemodynamic parameters among the candidates for general surgeries and hence, can be used to minimize preoperative physiological and psychological problems

The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among nurses who provide care to pregnant women may lead to self-medication (SM) among them as well as recommendation of SM to pregnant women. There is limited information about SM among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to evaluate SM, used medications, and symptoms among nurses providing care to pregnant women with COVID-19.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in a four-month period from March 21 to July 22, 2020. Participants were 125 nurses who were providing care to pregnant women in Imam Reza teaching hospital, Tabriz, Iran. A sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire and a questionnaire on SM contributing factors were used to collect the data. The SPSS software (v. 21.0) was used to analyze the data at a significance level of less than 0.05 through the chi-square test.

The prevalence of SM among nurses was 40.83%. SM had significant relationship with the use of antibiotics (P=0.012), herbal medicines (P=0.028), multivitamins (P=0.035), and analgesics (P=0.044). Moreover, SM had significant relationship with nausea (P=0.036), fever (P=0.019), headache (P=0.044), and diarrhea (P=0.021).

SM is highly prevalent among nurses who provide care to pregnant women with COVID-19.

Stroke is the first leading cause of disability in adults. Long-term disability after stroke necessitates long-term caregiving by family members. The family caregivers (FCGs) of patients with stroke (PWS) experience different problems and hence, require self-management (SM) skills. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an SM program based on Strauss and Corbin’s SM model on perceived social support (PSS) among the FCGs of PWS.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were eighty FCGs of PWS who were hospitalized in Kashani hospital, Shahrekord, Iran. They were purposefully- recruited and randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. An SM program based on Strauss and Corbin’s SM model was implemented in six ninety-minute sessions for participants in the intervention group. The Multidimensional Scale of PSS was used for PSS assessment before, immediately after, and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 16.0).

There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the pretest mean score of PSS (P=0.76), while the mean score of PSS in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group at both posttests (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean score of PSS in the control group did not significantly change across the three measurement time points (P>0.05), but significantly increased in the intervention group (P<0.05).

SM program based on Strauss and Corbin’s SM model is effective in significantly improving PSS among the FCGs of PWS. Therefore, nurses and other healthcare providers can use this program for the FCGs of PWS.

Death anxiety (DA) is associated with stress and impaired immunity and thereby, puts individuals at risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to assess DA and its predictors among the companions of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2020 on 200 companions of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Imam Khomeini, BouAli, and Razi hospitals in Sari and Qaemshahr, Iran. Sampling was performed conveniently. Data were collected using a demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire for patients, a demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire for companions, and Templer DA Scale. The SPSS software (v. 21.0) was used for data analysis via the independent sample t test, chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis.

The mean score of DA was 47.21±10.62 (in the possible range of 15–75). Participants’ DA had significant relationship with their gender, their patients’ anorexia and arterial oxygen saturation, and COVID-19 among other family members (P<0.05). Participants’ gender, patients’ anorexia and arterial oxygen saturation, and COVID-19 among other family members significantly explained 0.066% of the total variance of DA (P=0.002). The strongest predictors of DA were arterial oxygen saturation (β=0.17; P=0.01) and gender (β=0.15; P=0.0).

The companions of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 experience high levels of DA and hence, interventions are needed to reduce their DA.

Nurses experience different psychological problems due to their occupational conditions. Therefore, they need problem solving (PS) skill to manage their problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of personality traits and stress with PS skill among nurses.

This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were 425 nurses randomly selected from hospitals of Kerman, Iran. Data were collected using the NEO Personality Inventory, Nursing Stress Scale, and Problem-Solving Inventory. The SPSS software (v. 22.0) was used to analyze the data via the coefficient’s correlation and the linear regression analyses.

Neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness personality traits and stress significantly predicted 27%, 19%, 30%, 25%, 25%, and 37% of the total variance of PS skill, respectively (P<0.001).

Reducing nurses’ workload and occupational problems, providing them with education about stress management and PS, and strengthening their positive personality traits are recommended to improve their PS skill and professional practice.

Infertility is considered as a disease of the reproductive system meaning by the failure to reach a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. This study aimed to design and standardize a self-care tool in infertile women.

For the purpose of the study, we performed a cross-sectional pilot study on 233 infertile women referred to Najmieh Infertility Treatment Center in Kerman city in 2020 whose selection were randomly. Considering the available theoretical foundations and theories as well as available questionnaires associated with the self-care, a self-administered questionnaire with 42 items was constructed. In the following, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed using the face validity, content validity, structural validity as well as internal consistency. After determining the face validity and content validity quantitatively and qualitatively, the number of items was reduced to 36 items. Pearson correlation coefficient between selfcare factors had a significant correlation at the level of 0.01, which indicates the convergent validity of this tool.

As a result of explanatory factor analysis, a questionnaire with 28 questions remained, representing 5 factors which altogether accounted for 60.17% of the total variance of the test. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.764 confirmed the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficients between self-care factors had a significant correlation at the level of 0.01, which indicates the convergent validity of this tool.

This study showed that the questionnaire entitled with “Self-care questionnaire for women with infertility” consisted of 28 items has good reliability and validity. Furthermore, this questionnaire is useful for assessing the self-care abilities of women with infertility and therefore, it can be used by health care providers working in the healthcare field.

Workplace bullying is an occupational hazard with destructive effects. The aim of this study was to assess the antecedents and the consequences of bullying among nurses.

This narrative review was conducted in 2021. An online literature search was performed in several Persian and English databases, namely Magiran, SID, Noormags, Elmnet, IranMedex, PubMed, and Scopus. Search protocol was limited to the time interval between 2010 and 2020. Search key terms were, “bullying”, “coercion”, “healthcare providers”, “nurse”, and “horizontal violence”. Advanced search was also performed in Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were publication in English or Persian, access to full-text, and publication as an original article.

Sixteen articles were included in this study. The two main antecedents of workplace bullying were personal and organizational factors and the three main consequences of bullying were physical, mental, and occupational consequences.

As bullying is associated with different physical, mental, and occupational consequences, healthcare managers need to employ strategies to determine and manage bullying antecedents and reduce bullying prevalence.