فصلنامه راهبرد
پیاپی 100 (پاییز 1400)

The vision of developing the power of Iran at the regional and supra-regional level has guided the country's macro-policies and strategies. Utilizing soft power and its tools is one of the main strategies to realize this vision. Participation in the global network of science and knowledge is one of the most important tools that lead to the realization of the soft power strategy.The purpose of this article is to fill this gap in the literature by answering the main question: what is the role of internationalization of research institutes in promoting Iran's soft power? In answer to this question, an integrated theoretical framework based on neoliberalism, globalization, and Manuel Castells' theory of network system has been used. In terms of research method, in this article, the methods of documentary studies, comparative study, case study, and process research have been used. The scope of research is a comparative study of the experiences of selected national and international research institutes. The conclusion is that the role of research institutes as a tool of soft power of countries requires their role as an international institution. Upgrading the capabilities and capacities of the institute as a means of gaining power and prestige in the international arena requires it to join the global science network. Joining the World Science Network requires the provision of a suitable ecosystem in which, at the same time, international, national and transnational factors, in a dynamic and constructive interaction,

Nowadays, good governance is considered as a dominant theory and pattern in governing modern societies and set on the agenda of development thinkers and institutions as well world states and societies. In this regard, the institutional structuring and orientating process of society for development characterize its governance system and the principles, structures and mechanisms for organizing and exercising public power and authority as the focal point of governance is included and reflected in its upstream documents. Accordingly, having applied a descriptive-analytic as well as comparative-documentary method, the present study reads and represents the characteristics of good governance in the premier legal reference document of the I.R. Iran. The findings indicate that good governance principles-accountability, transparency, participation, rule of law, and efficiency- have been considered and emphasized in the I.R. Iran Constitution and, therefore, Iran enjoys the legitimate potential capacity for acceptance and implementation of good governance theory and pattern. However, the use of this actual opportunity and full realization of this dominant managerial-political paradigm requires strengthening of civil society and establishing a balance between government and civil society as the two basic pillars of good governance.

The current article assuming that the theory of tolerance is a fundamental solution to achieve the goals of the political system and civil mutual acceptance, and also has a special place in the works of Imam Khomeini, intends to follow and highlight it in the Imam's thought by examining the theoretical support of tolerance in Islamic and Western civilization. The rights of individuals and how to interact with others is one of the aspects of Imam Khomeini's thought, which is manifested by observing and recognizing civil rights and freedoms in his speech and actions. The study of the works of Imam Khomeini (ra) shows that in his views he has explained the need for tolerant interaction in a society and its effects on social and religious life, and also with his political tradition of behavior has shown that violent behavior not only is not effective in Individual and social reform, but it is also the source of larger and more complex corruptions. In Imam Khomeini's thought, tolerance is a paradigmatic concept extracted from religious texts and from the perspective of political ethics and political philosophy, it is an integral part of religious sovereignty and a moral virtue and legal-political principle that in practice leads to The peaceful life of individuals and groups with beliefs. A different and distinct way of acting allows for the emergence and emergence within a given society; Therefore, it is a good way to establish social capital in society and reduce social and political tensions between groups. The research method in this article is a comparative-analytical one that by historically examining the course of the concept in both Islamic and Western civilizations and then analyzing it in Imam's thought, finally came to the conclusion that resorting to Imam's thought and political action can be a suitable solution for many The current problems of Islamic-Iranian civilization.

The United States withdrew its troops from Afghanistan after reaching an agreement with the Taliban in Doha. This is while the US invaded and occupied Afghanistan in 2001 under the global war on terror policy and so as to overthrow the Taliban led government. Since its invasion of Afghanistan, the United States, in six phases, has adjusted its policy toward the country, and in particular toward the Taliban which has been on the US list of enemies for many years. But the recent agreement with the movement, which means a transition from a confrontation strategy to a policy of engagement with the Taliban, shows a change in the US perception of threat in Afghanistan. This shift in US perception has strategic and security-related implications for Iran, a neighboring country to Afghanistan. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the main question of what strategic consequences the change in the US perception of threat in Afghanistan has had for Iran, especially in the field of security. In this paper, due to the complex nature of the subject, a combination of exploratory and normative methods has been used. A Combination of international relations theories, in particular the theory of Threat Perception and research methods including trend analysis and scenario writing, have helped consider and extract various and intervening components in the current research. The findings of the study show that the United States withdrew from Afghanistan following a change in its perception, and facilitated the rise of the Taliban. Although Tehran has been interacting with the Taliban, it is unsure if the behavior of the movement will be predictable or not. Tehran may be concerned that the Taliban could act as a proxy for some regional and extra-regional powers and endanger the security interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In addition, Iran has serious concerns about the possibility of the emergence of extremist and terrorist groups in Afghanistan. One of Tehran's concerns is that the US deal with the Taliban will affect the quality of the movement's interaction with Iran in the future and turn Afghanistan into a new platform for pressuring Iran in the field of security. In particular, Afghanistan shares more than 900 kilometers of border with Iran, and any insecurity or infiltration by the Taliban or other groups can have a direct impact on Iran's national security. The absolute rule of the Taliban in Afghanistan and the coexistence of Tehran with it can also cause dissatisfaction among a significant number of Afghan refugees or migrants in Iran.

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the disintegration of government in third-world countries using network policy. Although networks pursue different goals, they seek to strengthen the resources of the relationship between individuals. In network politics, the central position of action, political power is the subject of conflict and gaining more power is the most important goal of political action. The interaction between these two concepts, That is, social capital and network-based analysis means adopting a network perspective on social capital in a qualitative way and involving the government in this analysis. The results of this study show that specific resources are flowing within the political networks, which include social capital or integrated capital, depending on the way of distinguishing people inside the network From others outside the network. Although these networks seek to gain a greater share of society's scarce resources of political power, economic wealth, and social prestige, the main issue in the conflict is the acquisition of political power. The point of contention is the state arena or within and around the state. Although research on The social structure has been the focus of network analysis, network policy, while considering both structural and cognitive-normative dimensions, emphasizes the quality of norms and the type of strategies that political actors adopt to achieve greater political power.

The basic Islamic-Iranian model of progress had been announced as a depiction of the most important principles and ideals of progress and the desired horizon of the country in the next half century, and now this upstream document was completed, upgraded and communicated in the process of conflicting opinions as needed. Since in contemporary Iran, there were experiences of compiling and implementing upstream documents such as the constitution, the eight-article decree of Imam Khomeini, the five years development plans, the country general policies and the 20-year vision document, which were more or less relative successes; The aim of this study was pathology of significant gap between the actual and potential capacities of Islamic-Iranian civilization achievements and the possible desired, And the question was answered what is the role of "human factor" as one of the main causes and factors of non-fulfillment of the above documents and what are the requirements related to human factor in the realization of Islamic-Iranian model of progress. This is an applied research in terms of purpose and its research method was documentary study. Based on research findings; To ensure the realization of the Islamic-Iranian model of progress, we must pay attention to the people (Progress Divisions) to create the ground for participation and cooperation with reform and development interventions. Accordingly, it was suggested that a multi-layered welfare and social security system was established to create peace of mind and reassurance for the future.

The subject of the present study is to investigate the impact of domestic and external media on the political participation of Allameh Tabatabai University students in the 1400 presidential elections in Iran. And these questions are raised: What variables in the use of the media affect political participation? And how have each of the domestic and external media influenced the students' political participation?This research has been done with a quantitative approach and survey method and using a questionnaire. The research sample includes 380 undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students who were selected by stratified sampling method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between realizing the content of domestic media, targeted use of domestic media and the use of domestic media with political participation, and between the variables of targeted use of external media, non-targeted use of external media. And the use of external media has a significant and inverse relationship with political participation. It was also found that Agenda-setting theory about the influence of the media on political participation can be traced; Not only can the media influence the level of political participation, but also the priorities, the choice of dimensions and types of political participation. Finally, the results of regression analysis also showed that the variables of targeted use of external media and targeted use of domestic media were the strongest predictors of changing political participation among students.